The exact circumference of LHC is 26,659 meters, and there are 9,300 magnets in it. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is not only the largest particle accelerator in the world, but also the largest refrigerator in the world, with only one-eighth of its refrigeration distribution system. Before the refrigeration distribution system is filled with nearly 60 tons of liquid helium and all magnets are cooled to -27 1.3℃( 1.9 Kelvin), it will use 1.008 million tons of liquid nitrogen to reduce the temperature of these magnets to-193.2℃.
Since the idea of "Large Hadron Collider" first appeared in 1980, after nearly 30 years, this "world's largest machine" finally came true and began trial operation on 10 in September 2008. Now some information about it is extracted and recorded as follows:
The largest machine in the world: the Large Hadron Collider is not only the largest particle accelerator in the world, but also the largest machine in the world. It is located in a circular tunnel with a depth of 100 meters in the border area between Switzerland and France, with a total length of 26.659 kilometers.
The fastest "orbit" on the earth: If "full horsepower", millions of particles will "soar" in the circular tunnel at the speed of 1 1245 laps per second, which is about 99.99% of the speed of light.
13. The most "empty" place in the solar system: In order to avoid the collision between the particle flow and gas molecules, the particle flow runs in the "channel" of ultra-high vacuum, which is "empty" like interstellar space, and the air pressure is only 10 minus 13 standard atmospheric pressure, which is less than the atmospheric pressure on the moon 10.
The hottest and coldest machine: The Large Hadron Collider is an extremely hot and cold machine. When two particle streams collide, the collision point will produce extreme high temperature, which can reach 654.38+ million times of the central temperature of the sun. In sharp contrast, due to the use of superfluid helium cooling and other means, the working temperature of the particle acceleration cavity in the collider is only -27 1.3℃( 1.9K), which is even colder than that in distant space.
The most powerful supercomputer system in the world: the data obtained in each large-scale experiment on the Large Hadron Collider within one year can be carved into100000 double-layer DVDs. In order to analyze these data, thousands of scientists all over the world participate in it, and tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of computers they use are United through distributed computing network (grid computing), which also constitutes the most powerful supercomputer system in the world.