Newborns sleep most of the time, and the cumulative sleep time of one day is about 18-22 hours. As the baby grows older, the sleep time will gradually shorten. However, some babies don't need so much sleep time. As long as there are no abnormal symptoms, it will generally not affect their health. Different babies have different performances in sleep time due to individual differences. Therefore, as long as the baby needs to sleep, you should let him sleep as long as possible, and don't intervene too early. Giving him "rules" too early is not good for the baby's physical and mental development. What kind of environment does the baby need to sleep? It is necessary to keep the room warm. Generally, the ideal room temperature is about 20-2 1℃. Install a dimmable desk lamp or bedside lamp in the baby's room, so that he won't be disturbed when checking at night. Do not smoke, let the baby grow up in a smoke-free environment. Don't put clothes or other things on his bed, especially all kinds of packing bags, plastic paper, vest bags and other sundries. At home, make sure that cats, dogs, birds and other pets do not enter the baby's room. How to put the baby to sleep? Most babies fall asleep soon after eating. However, there are many times when the baby needs your help to relax and fall asleep. When putting him to sleep, you should keep yourself emotionally stable, calm and gentle. Don't tease the baby at this time, or hug and shake quickly with quick movements. It should be noted that your excitement, impatience and impatience will infect your baby, making him excited and uneasy, making it difficult to sleep for a while. Before going to bed, the baby needs you to lie down quietly, which will make him feel safe and dependent and will soon relax and fall asleep. Is the baby's sleeping posture particular? The baby's sleeping position is particular. Generally, a baby who has just been breastfed should sleep on the right side. This sleeping position is more suitable for the baby's stomach in a horizontal position, and it will not cause pressure on the heart. If the baby galactorrhea, it is not easy to cause suffocation. This is a safer sleeping position for newborns. However, because the baby's skull seams are not completely consistent, long-term unilateral sleep will lead to asymmetry on both sides of the baby's face and even strabismus. When the baby sleeps, he can take different sleeping positions according to his preference. You just need to pay attention and consciously help your baby to change different sleeping positions frequently. How to help your baby establish good sleep habits? The key is to let the baby slowly understand how to distinguish between day and night. When the baby sleeps during the day, you can let him sleep in a movable bed, stroller or sleeping basket, and then put him in his own cot at night. Try to use the baby's waking time to feed him, change diapers and play, and help him connect his daytime time with playing and not sleeping. Don't play with your baby before going to bed at night 1 hour or so, let him lie quietly for a while. You can wrap your baby tightly when you sleep, which will make him sleep more stably. Let him sleep in the crib and keep the room dark. If the baby wakes up hungry at night, he should pick up and nurse in time, but talk to him as little as possible. Do you sleep well alone or with your mother? No matter how old a baby is, he should have his own bed Even newborns before the full moon should sleep in separate beds with their mothers. Sleeping with mother, the baby may catch a cold because of adults' turning over and activities. In addition, the baby's metabolism is relatively strong, and it needs fresh air more than adults. If you sleep in a bed with an adult, because of his low posture, you will inhale too much exhaust gas exhaled by adults, which will affect your health. In addition, the baby's resistance is weak. If you sleep with adults, you will increase the chance of infection. Do you like to sleep with nipples? It is a very bad habit for babies to sleep with their nipples. Because the nipple sleeps in the mouth, the baby will suck when he wakes up. This irregular diet can easily lead to gastrointestinal dysfunction and indigestion. At the same time, sleeping with the baby's nipple will also affect his breathing, and he may be disturbed by poor breathing. In addition, if breast-fed, babies who sleep with nipples will have an increased risk of suffocation. And the baby sleeps with the nipple, which will lead to otitis media if it overflows. In addition, sleeping with nipples will affect the normal development of gums or cause tooth decay. Wear too many clothes to sleep, okay? Many mothers are afraid that their babies will catch cold by kicking the quilt when they sleep, and often put a lot of clothes on their babies to sleep, especially in winter. In fact, it is an unscientific and unhealthy habit to put too many clothes on your baby to sleep. Because wearing too many clothes to sleep will not only hinder the relaxation of the baby's whole body muscles, but also affect his blood circulation and respiratory function, affecting sleep. In addition, too many clothes wrap the baby too tightly, which will lead to poor heat dissipation and a lot of sweating, leading to colds or skin problems. Does the baby need a pillow to sleep? Babies within three months can't sleep with pillows, just put a clean towel or other cloth products under their heads. After three months, the baby's neck and spine will gradually bend forward and look up. At this time, if you want to give him a pillow, you can use it. But you must pay attention to the height and softness of the pillow. Remember: the height can only be within 3-4 cm, not too soft. Generally speaking, before the age of two, the baby had better not use a pillow to avoid accidents. How to choose the baby's bedding? Mattress: flat and hard materials should be selected. Too soft mattress is not conducive to the development of the baby's spine, and when the baby turns over and lies prone, it is easy to be blocked by the soft cotton pad in the mouth and nose, causing accidents. Cover: Soft and breathable new cotton tires are the first choice. Of course, you can also choose soft chemical fiber products. The chemical fiber sleeve is warm, pay attention to the thickness, and don't soak the baby too hot. Duvet is not suitable for newborn babies. Bedsheet quilt cover: pure cotton fabric should be selected, and the color is mainly simple and elegant. Old and new bed cloths should be washed and ironed with boiling water, and then thoroughly dried in the sun for the baby to use. During the baby's 0-3 years old, their sleep changes in stages, and the way of sleeping is different. We specially invited N mothers whose babies are at different ages to share their experiences of putting their babies to sleep, so that experts can comment on them. The baby needs to sleep 15- 18 hours every day. Usually I sleep for 2-4 hours at a time, then I wake up hungry and sleep after eating. Generally about 2 months, the baby will sleep much more at night than during the day, but he can't sleep until dawn. He usually wakes up three or four times at night to nurse. Tell me about my aunt's experience 1. Touch my forehead from top to bottom. Chen Fei/Beijing/Stay-at-home mom/baby is not easy to sleep when she is 6 months old. At this time, touch the baby's forehead from top to bottom and let him close his eyes. Soon the baby will yawn and fall asleep slowly. 2. Singing and filming Wang Ling/Hangzhou/Accountant/Baby has been in our house for 2 months, and it is dad who puts his daughter to sleep. He will let his daughter lie on her stomach, then pat her on the back while singing, and her daughter will feel very comfortable and start sleeping at once. 3. Wrap the baby in a bath towel. Ji Xiaojun/Xiamen/Tour guide/Baby It is also a good way to wrap the baby in a bath towel and hold it in a quilt for 6 months. The baby will feel as safe as in his mother's stomach. 1 month is spent like this. Experts suggest that the baby has just come out of the mother's warm uterus. If his mother wraps him in a bag and puts him in a cradle-type crib, he will shake, with a small swing. This feeling is similar to the sense of movement he felt when walking in his mother's body, which will make him feel "home" and make him fall asleep more easily. At this stage, the baby needs about 10- 12 hours of sleep every day. Sleep most nights, stay awake for a long time during the day, but sleep for two or three hours at a time. Tell me about my mother's experience 1. Baby's heartbeat is 7 months old. Zhou Jia/Guangzhou/Doctor/Baby. I tried to imitate this sound in my son's ear when I remembered that I wanted to sleep when I was pregnant. Every time my son falls asleep quickly, it's amazing. 2. Shake it on your knees. Lemei/Chongqing/announcer/baby is 8 months old. My son will fall asleep as soon as he gets on the bus. Because very comfortable shaking can make him fall asleep, holding him on his knees and shaking can successfully make the baby fall asleep. His father often used this method when he was three months old. 3, holding the baby sideways and shaking it up and down for 3 months, the baby will be very comfortable and quiet, even if it is noisy, it will definitely stop crying. Experts suggest that in about 4 months, the baby can adjust his sleeping position and find the most comfortable sleeping position. For them, there should be a certain pattern of falling asleep, so make sure that the time and way of sleeping during the day and at night are the same every day, and don't change it often. On average, every night 1 1 hour, plus a nap in the morning and afternoon (every time 1-2 hours), the time is enough. Almost all healthy six-month-old babies can sleep until dawn, and there is no need to nurse at night or find someone to play in the early morning. Of course, in order to maintain the milk quantity, some mothers will wake up their babies at night to feed them, which is also good. The experienced mother talked about 1 and whispered Lv Meixiang/Changsha/teacher /8-month-old baby in her baby's ear. The sound of "Xi-Xi-" is like the sound of fetal blood flowing. If you whisper it in your baby's ear, the baby will slowly start to fall asleep. It's really amazing. I used to practice in the kindergarten where I worked, but now I use it on my daughter, which is very effective. 2, proper massage Zhang Zhimei/Taian/driver/baby 8 months consciously massage the baby during the day, through caressing to convey maternal love, the baby will be very relaxed, and will sleep well at night. 3. Take the baby for a drive in Han You/Zhou Su/Advertising Planning/Baby 1 1 6 months, it is difficult for my son to fall asleep. Only when I let my father drive around and play some quiet songs like classical music, my son fell asleep in about five minutes. Experts suggest that the baby's favorite way to fall asleep at this stage is to put a colorful toy beside the bed or be accompanied by a plush toy. Accompanied by the toys they often play with, they can easily calm down and fall asleep happily. You need to sleep 1 1- 12 hours at night, and sleep twice during the day, each time 1-2 hours. At this age, children's sleep time during the day will affect their sleep at night. If they sleep more during the day, they will sleep less at night. Children of this age have the most common sleep problems. Maybe he can sleep till dawn before this, but at this stage, he will wake up in the middle of the night and will not stop until everyone is woken up. Because he already knows what it's like to be valued if you miss your mother. The experienced mother talked about 1, touched her forehead to the tip of her nose. Wang Xi/Baotou/Engineer/Baobao 1 7 months old, touched her son's forehead to the tip of her nose with the palm of her hand for 2-3 times, and let him close his eyes, and her son immediately became quiet. It was still very effective when you were 1 year old. 2. Rub your fingers in your baby's ears. Lin Shun/Hefei/doctor/baby is 2 years old. This is the trick used when the baby is 9 months old and crying and refuses to sleep. The TV program said that babies can rub their fingers at the root of their ears when they cry, so I tried it immediately. It really works. 3, holding the baby sitting on the balance ball Guo/Changsha/radio director/baby 9 months old I used the balance ball for my usual fitness, holding my daughter sitting and bouncing up and down gently, and my daughter fell asleep in about 5- 10 minutes. Experts suggest that to develop good sleep habits at this stage, we must make a bedtime plan and stick to it every day. Before going to bed, the procedure can generally be like this: playing for a while, taking a bath, sleeping, telling stories, singing and saying goodbye. Don't leave the baby at this time, you can use this time to tidy up. The baby feels that he has not left you, and slowly falls asleep. What can a four-month-old baby eat and what complementary food can a four-month-old baby eat? By the fourth month, the child's gastrointestinal function has been greatly improved compared with that at birth. At this time, you can gradually add some complementary foods to your child. Of course, the progress of adding complementary food to children should not be too fast. Try slowly, don't be too hasty. Generally, the baby will gradually add vegetable juice from the third month. From the fourth month, rice paste, batter, porridge noodles, fish and lean meat balls will be gradually added. In short, we must master an order principle. From thin to thick, and then to many. From simple to complex. There is no fixed pattern. Try to prevent partial eclipse without indigestion, but generally eat complementary food at the beginning of dinner time. You can feed it properly at other times. If you have diarrhea, stop adding. Or reduce the addition. After the condition improves, gradually recover. The purpose of adding complementary food is to prepare for weaning. Breast milk cannot be eaten forever. Sooner or later, it will be cut off. As time goes by, the quality of breast milk is also declining. The principle of adding complementary food for four-month-old babies is 1. From one kind of food to many kinds of foods, try to add one kind of food first, so that the baby can gradually adapt to the taste and gastrointestinal function, and then add the second one. If the baby refuses to eat, don't be forced to try again another day. After three or five times, the baby can generally accept 2. Adding complementary food should start from a small amount, and it can only be increased after the baby is willing to accept it and the stool is normal. If the baby's stool is abnormal, it should be suspended, and then try to feed with the original amount or a small amount. 3. According to the principle from thin to thick, food should be from juice to mud, from fruits and vegetables to meat, such as from fruit and vegetable juice to fruits and vegetables, from rice soup to porridge to thick porridge. 4. This will also lay a good foundation for the baby to eat after weaning (the soft spoon will not hurt the baby's teeth, etc.). , and my family is related). When the baby is sick, it should be postponed so as not to increase the burden on his gastrointestinal tract. 6. Add food specially made for him, instead of simply making the rice soft and rotten for the baby to eat, make the baby delicate and small. 7. The baby's salt intake should be 1/3 of that of adults. 8. When the baby starts to eat complementary food, don't let him sit and feed at once. Just put a pillow on the back of the baby's head and raise his upper body a little, and gradually raise it as the baby grows. Don't pick it up immediately after the baby has finished eating the complementary food, lest the baby spit out what the four-month-old baby can eat. Here, we have summarized a comprehensive list of foods and complementary foods that babies can eat for about four months, from which parents can choose and match their own foods. Try to give it to the children. Of course, if the child has symptoms such as discomfort and diarrhea, you can reduce the amount of complementary food to slowly adjust. After all, every child's digestive system develops at a different speed, so don't worry. Babies under one year old are still mainly milk, and complementary food should be added on the basis of ensuring 700~800 ml of milk every day. The first complementary food added should be egg yolk. The iron stored in newborns mainly comes from their mothers. The iron stored in full-term newborns is very limited, only enough for hematopoiesis four or five months after birth. Premature babies and multiple births get less iron from their mothers. The younger the gestational age, the more the number of fetuses, and the less the iron content in the body. Egg yolk can be added to the staple food 3~4 months after full-term newborns are born, and premature babies and multiple births can start after the full moon. The method of adding egg yolk is as follows: cook the egg, shell it, take out the egg yolk and grind it into powder. At first, feed an egg yolk 1/8 every day, and then gradually increase it to 1/4 and 1/2 until the whole egg yolk. Egg yolk powder can be mixed with boiled water and given to the baby between feeding; You can also add rice noodles directly. You can change egg yolk porridge for about 6 months; 7, 8 months can eat steamed eggs (including egg white). Tips: Babies within 6 months should not feed egg whites. Within 6 months, the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier of infants is not fully developed, and the protein molecules in egg white are small, which can easily enter the blood through the intestinal mucosa, causing allergic reactions, such as eczema and urticaria on the skin. How to add rice noodles Don't add complementary food before children go to bed. Dr. Bao told the truth that milk is more hungry than rice flour, because the nutrients in milk are far better than rice flour. Before going to bed (around ten o'clock), give your child enough milk. The correct way to add complementary food should be that the first suggestion is to add it in the morning. The doctor said that even if you feel uncomfortable after eating it, you can see a doctor in the afternoon. It is enough to add complementary food once a day for 6 months. After 6 months, you can add another meal of rice flour or porridge around 6 pm (that is, after 6 pm, usually at dinner time). 10 o'clock is still a big bottle of milk, so that the baby is full and can sleep well at night. Rice flour is a staple food, and it is also fed once every 3 to 4 hours. You can dilute it for the first time, put it in a bottle and let him suck it, and gradually thicken it. After two weeks, you must switch to feeding with a spoon instead of a bottle. With the improvement of children's gastrointestinal function, while adding rice flour, you can also add animal blood such as chickens, ducks and pigs, lean meat paste, fish paste, pig liver paste, chicken liver paste and other foods rich in iron and easy to absorb, and you can directly add rice flour. Be careful not to add any seasoning within 1 year. Add fruit and vegetable juice. Infants should not drink synthetic drinks on the market. They should use special baby drinks or their own freshly squeezed juice and dilute it with water 1: 1 before drinking. You can also make your own vegetable juice. The method is to wash fresh vegetables, cut them into small pieces, soak them in water, and take vegetable juice (just juice) to drink. For example, celery juice is effective for constipation, and carrot juice is effective for diarrhea. Key points of complementary food addition: from single to diverse, from less to more, from thin to thick, from soft to slightly hard. 1. Rice flour raw material: 1 tablespoon rice flour, warm water method: 1 tablespoon rice flour, add 3-4 tablespoons warm water, let it stand, and use chopsticks to make it into a paste clockwise. 2. Rice soup ingredients: Rice practice: After the water in the pot is boiled, add 200g of washed rice, boil it, then cook it into rotten porridge with slow fire, and take the upper rice soup to eat. Efficacy: Rice soup tastes sweet and is rich in protein, fat, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin C, vitamin B and so on. 3. Fish paste carrot paste rice noodles Raw materials: river fish or sea fish. Carrot practice: choose river fish or sea fish, steam them, take out the meat, carefully remove all the fishbones and press them into mud. Mix a small amount of fish sauce and carrot sauce in rice flour. 4. Egg yolk paste raw materials: eggs 1 Practice: Cook the eggs, grind them into mud with a sieve bowl or spoon, and add appropriate amount of boiling water or formula milk to mix well. Start with 1/8 yolk and gradually add it to 1/4 and 1/3 according to the baby's acceptance. Efficacy: supplement the iron that the baby is gradually missing. Egg yolk contains high iron content, and vitamins A, D and E are easily absorbed and utilized by human body after being dissolved with fat. 5. Mashed potato raw material: potato practice: peel a potato and cut it into small pieces. After steaming, grind it into mud with a spoon, add a little water and mix well. 6. Raw material of green vegetable paste: Green vegetable practice: Wash a proper amount of green vegetable leaves, boil them in boiling water for about 1-2 minutes, then take them out and crush them with a pulverizer, or grind them on a copper wire net to filter out the green vegetable paste. 7. Raw materials of milk sweet potato pulp: sweet potato 1 block, milk powder 1 spoon. Practice: Wash the sweet potato (potato), peel it, steam it, and grind it into mud with a sieve bowl or spoon. After the milk powder is ready, pour it into the sweet potato (potato) mud and stir well. 8. Chicken Soup Pumpkin Mud Ingredients: 1 piece of chicken breast and 1 piece of pumpkin Practice: soak the chicken breast in light salt water for half an hour, then chop the chicken breast into mud and add a bowl of water to boil. Peel the pumpkin, steam it in another pot and grind it into mud with a spoon. When the chicken soup is cooked in a small bowl, filter out the chicken particles with sterile gauze, and pour the chicken soup into the pumpkin puree and cook for a while. Efficacy: Chicken is rich in protein, pumpkin is rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron, carbohydrates and vitamins, among which carotene is rich. 9. Tomato paste with minced meat Ingredients: round eggplant 1/3, minced meat 1 spoon, a little wet starch, garlic 1/4 cloves, a little salt. Appropriate amount of sesame oil: chop garlic, add minced meat, mix wet starch and salt evenly, and marinate for 20 minutes. Cross-cut round eggplant 1/3, take the half with more skin, put the eggplant meat part upward in a bowl, put the marinated minced meat on the eggplant meat, steam it in a pot until it is crisp and rotten, take it out, sprinkle with a little sesame oil and mix well. Efficacy: It is beneficial for children to supplement calcium. 10. Vegetable juice raw material: Vegetable practice: boil a bowl of water in the pot, soak the clean and complete green leaves in the water for 20-30 minutes, then take out and chop up about a bowl, and add it to boiling water for 1-2 minutes. Take the pot out of the fire, squeeze the vegetable leaves with a spoon to make the vegetable juice flow into the water, and pour out the supernatant, which is the vegetable juice. 1 1. pumpkin juice ingredients: pumpkin 100g Practice: peel the pumpkin, cut into pieces, steam it, and then grind the steamed pumpkin into mud with a spoon. Add a proper amount of boiling water to the pumpkin puree, dilute and mix evenly, then put it on a clean colander, filter and take the juice to eat. Pumpkins must be steamed. You can also add it to rice flour to feed your baby. 12. Pork porridge Ingredients: Fresh pork Practice: Cook the whole meat, take it out and chop it into powder. Add a proper amount of minced meat to vegetable porridge or rotten noodles and cook it before eating. 13. Banana porridge Ingredients: banana 1, 2 tablespoons milk powder. Practice: Chop bananas into mud, put them in a pot, add water to cook them, and stir them while cooking to make banana porridge. Mix the milk powder, let it cool, pour in banana porridge and stir well. Efficacy: Bananas are rich in potassium and magnesium, and other vitamins, sugar, protein and minerals are also high. This kind of porridge is not only a good food for strengthening the body and strengthening the brain, but also the best food for constipation babies. 14. Milk yolk rice soup porridge ingredients: half a bowl of rice soup, 2 tablespoons of milk powder, egg yolk 1/3 Practice: when cooking rice porridge, fill half a bowl of rice soup; Cook the eggs and grind 1/3 yolk into powder. Mix milk powder, add egg yolk and rice soup, and stir well. Efficacy: It is rich in protein and calcium, and egg yolk is also rich in lecithin, which is good for children's growth and brain development. 15. Fresh corn paste raw material: half-way method of fresh corn: cut corn kernels with a knife and stir them into slurry. The corn juice is filtered with gauze and boiled into a thick paste. Efficacy: Corn is rich in more than 30 kinds of nutritional active substances such as calcium, magnesium, selenium, vitamins (E, A), lecithin and 18 amino acid, which can improve human immunity, brain cell activity, health and intelligence. 16. Raw materials of pear sauce: 1 pear, and appropriate amount of crystal sugar: peel and core pears, chop them, put them in a pot and cook them with crystal sugar. When the pears are crisp and rotten, roll them into paste with a spoon while cooking. Efficacy: It not only supplements vitamins and minerals, but also has an auxiliary therapeutic effect on coughing babies. 17. Fresh squeezed orange juice raw material: orange practice: cut an orange in half horizontally, then cover the cut surface on the glass orange press and rotate it to make the orange juice flow into the lower tank. Warm water can be added when feeding, and the ratio of water is from 2: 1 to 1: 1, and then the raw juice. 18. Watermelon juice Raw material: Appropriate amount of watermelon juice: put the watermelon juice into a bowl, mash it with a spoon, and then filter it with sterile gauze to get the juice. 19. Apple carrot juice Ingredients: carrot 1 root, apple half method: peeled carrots and apples, washed, diced, put in a pot, add appropriate amount of water, and cook for about 10 minutes. Filter the juice with clean gauze. Efficacy: Carrots are rich in β-carotene, which can promote the growth of epithelial tissue and enhance the photosensitivity of retina. They are essential nutrients for babies. 20. Carrot hawthorn juice Ingredients: fresh hawthorn 1-2, carrot half root practice: wash the hawthorn and cut it into four pieces; Wash and chop half a carrot. Put hawthorn and chopped carrot into a saucepan, add water to boil, then simmer for 15 minutes, and then filter with gauze to get juice. Efficacy: Hawthorn is rich in organic acids, pectin, vitamins and minerals. The content of vitamin C is 10 times higher than that of apple. Hawthorn juice mixed with carrots can strengthen the stomach, promote digestion and promote fluid production, and increase the baby's appetite. 2 1. Tomato apple juice Raw materials: half of fresh tomatoes and half of apples: Wash tomatoes, peel them with boiling water, and squeeze out juice with juicer or sterile gauze. Peel and steam the apple or juice directly, and add 1-2 tablespoons to the tomato juice. Efficacy: Fresh tomatoes are rich in vitamin b 1, vitamin b2 and nicotinic acid. 22. White radish and pear juice Raw materials: one white radish and half a pear: the white radish is cut into filaments and the pear is cut into thin slices. Pour white radish into the pot, add water to boil, simmer for 10 minute, add pear slices, and cook for 5 minutes to get juice. Efficacy: White radish is rich in vitamin C, protein, tiedongsu and other nutrients, and has the health care functions of relieving cough, moistening lung and helping digestion. hope this helps