1, the stride is natural, the stride width is wide, the frequency is fast, the fluctuation of the trajectory of the body center of gravity is small, the moving speed is fast, and the effectiveness is high.
2, natural and coordinated movements, strong sense of rhythm, easy and labor-saving, and good economy.
3. Both feet can't leave the ground at the same time.
The speed of ordinary walking is about five kilometers per hour, but the speed of race walking is much faster, that is, walking at a medium speed is more than twice as fast as ordinary walking. According to the rules of race walking, the supporting legs must be straight and supported by both feet. Before the heel of the swinging leg touches the ground, the toe of the back kick should not leave the ground, so that it can be supported by both feet and not fly. This is the fundamental difference between walking and running.
5. The speed of race walking depends on the step frequency and step length. Ordinary race walking takes about 100 to 120 steps per minute, which can reach 180 to 200 steps, and excellent race walkers take more than 200 steps per minute. The stride length of ordinary race walking is generally 70 to 80 cm, the stride length of race walking can reach 90 to 1 10 cm, and the stride length of tall athletes is about 120 cm.
6. Ordinary walking usually takes 0.50-0.55 seconds per step, and race walking only takes 0.27-0.32 seconds or even less. So this increases the difficulty of alternating muscle tension and relaxation, which needs to be solved well in training.
7. Step size and step frequency are mutually restricted. Increasing step size will affect step frequency, and accelerating step frequency will also affect step size. Generally speaking, the stepping frequency should be increased on the premise of ensuring a certain step size. Excessive step size will increase the burden and tension of muscles, consume too much physical strength, easily cause fatigue, and is not conducive to the acceleration of step frequency.
8. One-foot support and two-foot support are different in race walking. One-legged support takes much longer than two-legged support. In order to speed up the race walking, it is necessary to shorten the time of one-leg support and two-leg support, but the time of two-leg support is mainly shortened, and the effect of shortening one-leg support is not obvious.
I. Development history
1, the race walking originated in Britain, 1867, and the first race walking championship was held in Britain. In the 1990s, the sport became popular in Germany. 1893 The race from Vienna to Berlin, with a total distance of 578 kilometers. 1908, the Olympic Games officially listed the race walking as a competition.
2. The men's race walking officially became an event of the London Olympic Games in 1908, which is divided into two events: 3500m and 10km. Then there were 3000m and10000m races. The 1932 Olympic Games is the first time to participate in the 50-kilometer race, while the 10000-meter race is held on the runway.
3./kloc-At the beginning of the 0/9th century, there were race walks in Britain. /kloc-At the end of 0/9, the race walking from one city to another was very popular in some European countries. 1866 British amateur sports club held the championship for the first time, 7 miles away. There are two kinds of race walking: field race walking and road race walking.
1908 entered the Olympic Games for the first time at a distance of 3,500m, 10 mile. After that, the distance of several Olympic Games was different, such as 3000m,10km and so on. Starting from 1956 Olympic Games, it is set to 20km (included in 1956) and 50km (included in 1932).
4. During the competition, if the runner violates the regulations, the referee will raise the white flag to warn the runner at the first time. If they violate the rules again, the referee will raise the red flag to disqualify them. Athletes who violate the rules in the last 1 lap may be given a warning or directly disqualified according to the specific circumstances. Leg movement is the main link of race walking technology.
5. During the race walking, the athlete's trunk naturally straightens or leans forward slightly. Bend your elbow about 90 degrees, and do a coordinated and powerful swing on both sides of your body. Adjust the walking speed with arms and lower limbs. When walking, the center of gravity will move forward as far as possible. Excessive ups and downs and swaying from side to side are not conducive to improving your walking speed and will consume more energy.
Second, the rules of the game
1. There are two core rules in the walking race.
(1) Race walkers must always keep at least one foot in contact with the ground.
(2) From the moment of landing to the vertical position, the front leg must always be straight and the knee joint cannot be bent.
There are 6 ~ 9 full-time race walking referees to supervise the athletes. According to the rules, they can't use any equipment to help them judge, and they can only rely on their own eyes to judge whether an athlete commits a foul. When the race walking referee sees the signs that the race walking athletes' actions violate the race walking technology, he should give a yellow card warning and report to the referee after the race.
(3) When the athlete's walking mode violates the technical regulations of the race walking, the race walking referee shall issue a red card to the race walking referee when he flies or bends his knees with the naked eye. When the referee receives three red cards from different referees for the same athlete, the athlete will be disqualified, and the referee or assistant referee will show him the red card to inform him.
Extended data:
50 km race walking record
At the Los Angeles 1 and 1932 Olympic Games, the men's 50 km race was held for the first time.
2. 1979 On May 25th, Gonzalez of Mexico set a world best time of 3 hours 4 1 minute 38.4 seconds in Bergen.
3.1On August 5th, 989, Russian player Pirlov set a new world record in Petersburg with a time of 3 hours, 37 minutes and 4 1 sec.
On May/KOOC-0//KOOC-0/,2008, Nizego Rotov of Russia broke the world record in the 23rd World Cup race in Russia, with a time of 3 hours and 34 minutes/KOOC-0/3 seconds, becoming the first athlete to approach 3 hours and 35 minutes in the 50-kilometer race.
5. On August 22nd, 2008, in the men's 50km race walking final of Beijing Olympic Games, Italian player Schwartz broke the Olympic record in 3 hours, 37 minutes and 09 seconds and won the championship.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Race Walking