Perennial aquatic or swamp plants. Rhizomes are stout, milky white, and the apex is white. The aboveground stems are erect, 0.7-2.5 meters high and stout. The leaves are slender, strip-shaped, about 1m long and 0.6- 1.5cm wide, and the base is sheath-shaped. Leaf sheath margin membranous, dehiscent and overlapping. Conical spikes; The spacing between female and male inflorescences is 2-7 cm; Upper part of male inflorescence, 20-30 cm long, 65438 0 cm; In diameter; The male flower has three stamens, and the pollen grain is single, spherical, oval or obtuse triangle; The female inflorescence is in the lower part, with a length of 10-20cm and a diameter of about1cm; Female flowers have bracteoles, almost as long as the stigma, and each part of the flower grows in fruit; Bracteoles are as long as white hairs and longer than stigma. Nutlets are spindle-shaped, 1.5-2mm long, longitudinally split, with brown spots on the peel. The seeds are yellow-brown. Sometimes, two connected fruit sequences appear on the same inflorescence axis. The flowering and fruiting period is June-July.
What kind of plant is hemp rope? Hemp rope should use the fiber of hemp plants, such as ramie.
What are the morphological characteristics of Chinese yam?
Yam is a herbaceous vine of Dioscorea, and its rhizome is rod-shaped, with a length of 33 ~ 66 cm and the longest exceeding 100cm. The root branches are few, the white root has many fibrous roots, which are sticky, and the cross-sectional stem is slender and can reach more than ten feet. The leaves are opposite, with various shapes, often heart-shaped or scissor-palm-shaped, with 6-9 veins and buds in the axils (called Laiji, also called yam bean and Yam Egg), which are used for breeding materials and eating. Small white solitary flower, capsule.
growing environment
Yam requires fertile, well-drained sandy soil, and likes warm and sunny places, but it is afraid of frost and avoids continuous cropping.
geographical distribution
Originated in Asia, it has been cultivated in China since ancient times, both in the north and south, and distributed in the wild. It is mainly produced in Henan, Shanxi, Shandong, Shaanxi and other places.
cultivation techniques
Land selection and preparation
Choose loose and fertile sandy loam with good drainage and clay without stagnant water, which is loose and dense, with good quality, but low yield and leeward. Then it is appropriate to cultivate in winter, turning about 66 cm, applying 5000 kg of base fertilizer, turning 50 ~ 60 cm deep and turning to 15 ~ 20cm shallow in spring. Before sowing, water the bottom and prepare the soil for the border. Ridge cultivation is mostly used, and the ridge width is 120 cm. The ditch between two ridges is used for drainage and irrigation.
breeding method
Breeding mainly depends on reed heads and beads.
Lutou is the upper part of the rhizome of yam when it is harvested, and it is the only propagation material in the field production of yam. It is easy to degrade after years of continuous use, and it is generally updated once every 2 ~ 3 years.
(1) reed head propagation
Digging roots in June 5438+ 10, selecting yam reed head with short neck, full bud head and no diseases and insect pests, folding it into 16 ~ 20cm long, drying it for 2 ~ 3 days, and digging it indoors or outdoors. The depth of the pit and the thickness of the cover should be equal to prevent the reed from freezing. The temperature is about 5℃. After thawing, apply sufficient base fertilizer, turn it over 26-33 cm till it is flat, and make it into a flat border or high ridge with row spacing of 33-50 cm, plant spacing of 16-20cm and ditch depth of 16cm, apply decomposed manure and cover the soil, slightly suppress it, and water it after planting. Before emergence, use a rake to break the surface hardening, keep the edge moist, and emerge in about 15 ~ 20 days.
(2) Pearl bud propagation
In June+10, 5438, shoots were picked (yam bean) and stored outdoors with dry sand. Take it out in the middle and late March in spring and sow it in the sun. Row spacing is 20 ~ 26 cm, plant spacing 10 cm, ditch depth is 6 cm, 2 ~ 3 yam bean seeds are planted, and the soil is 6 cm. Emerge after half a month, dig out and plant in autumn.
What is the most smelly flower in the world? It is Titan konjac, also known as Amorphophallus konjac, corpse flower or corpse flower. Titan Amorphophallus is a Araceae plant. This plant is cultivated in botanical gardens in some countries in the world, and China is no exception. There is also a Titan Amorphophallus flower more than 2 meters high in Beijing Botanical Garden. Interested friends can go and have a look. Titan konjac flower has a very remarkable feature, that is, it is very smelly. That smell is like the rotten smell of mammalian corpses, which makes people want to vomit, so it is named corpse flower. This smell is mainly to attract insects such as flies to breed and pollinate, so as to reproduce.
The entries come from the Internet.
What is the plant that grows from the mouth of a body discovered? That's just a legend. It's called awei. Listen to this story.
However, Ferula is a kind of plant resin in modern application.
Ferula Ferula (medicinal plant, equal to asafetida)
Ferula taro.
Ferula in Umbelliferae
Alias: Ferula, Ferula latifolia, Ferula latifolia.
How do plants grow in the world? Since19th century, many botanists have made extensive investigations on plants, made comprehensive studies on plant geography, paleontology, ecology, archaeology, linguistics and history, and successively summarized and put forward the theory of the origin center of world cultivated plants.
1. De Candor's theory on the origin center of cultivated plants
It is generally believed that De Kando was the first scholar in the world to study the origin of cultivated plants. He studied the geographical origin of cultivated plants through botany, history and linguistics, and published two books: World Plant Geography (1855) and Origin of Cultivated Plants (1882). In his book The Origin of Cultivated Plants (1882), he studied 247 cultivated plants, of which 199 originated in the Old World, accounting for more than 88% of the total. He pointed out that these crops may have been domesticated in China, Southwest Asia, Egypt and tropical Asia.
2. vavilov's theory of the origin center of cultivated plants.
The most famous scholar who studies the origin of cultivated plants in the world is vavilov (нивавилов), who studies the origin of cultivated plants by integrating the theories and methods of predecessors. 1923- 193 1 year, he organized a plant investigation team, made a large-scale investigation in 60 countries around the world, collected 250,000 cultivated plant materials, made a comprehensive analysis of these materials, and conducted a series of scientific experiments, and published the book Center of the Origin of Cultivated Plants and Breeding. The world is divided into eight centers of origin of cultivated plants, and the origins of more than 600 main cultivated plants, including vegetables, fruit trees, crops and other related plants, are discussed.
3. Birkiel's view on the origin of cultivated plants
I. H. Burkill systematically studied the process of plant domestication in "Human Habits and the Origin of Cultivated Plants" (195 1) based on the activities, habits and migration of human clans, and demonstrated the origin of various cultivated plants in the old hemisphere. He believes that the main shortcoming of vavilov's methodology is that "all the evidence is taken from plants without asking the people who cultivated them." He put forward some important viewpoints that affect the origin of domesticated and cultivated plants, such as "domestication is caused by the difference between natural origin and new origin." "The value of isolation is absolutely important for domestication."
4. Darlington Center for the Origin of Cultivated Plants.
C.D. Darlington used cytology to analyze the origin of cultivated plants from chromosomes, and according to the opinions of many people, the origin center of cultivated plants in the world was divided into 9 regions and 4 sub-regions, namely (1) Southwest Asia. (2) Mediterranean, the European subregion; (3) Ethiopia, which belongs to the Central African subregion; (4) Central Asia; (5) India-Myanmar; (6) Southeast Asia; (7) China; (8) Mexico, including North America (an additional center centered on vavilov) and Central America; (9) Peru, with Chile and Brazil-Paraguay subregion. Its division is basically similar to that of vavilov, but the European subregion has been added.
5. zhukovsky Plant Macrogene Center.
Rukowski (лмуковскии)1970 proposed that there were more than 100 geographic gene centers in different crop species, and he thought that the variation of such centers exceeded/kloc-0. He also expanded the area covered by the eight centers of origin of cultivated plants identified in vavilov, and added four centers of origin to include all the cultivated plant species that have been discovered. He called these 12 origin centers megagene centers. These 12 gene centers (Figure 1-2). Large gene centers or diverse variation regions include the primary origin and secondary origin of crops. 1979 A. C. Zeven, a Dutch breeder, listed 2,297 species of cultivated plants in 167 family and their genetic relationships according to the 12 diversity center in the Dictionary of Cultivated Plants and Their Genetic Relationships edited by Rukowski. According to the book, among the origin centers of 12, East Asia (China-Myanmar), the Near East and Central America are the birthplaces of agriculture, which have made the greatest contribution to the origin of cultivated plants. However, due to the wide coverage of 12 "center", it covers almost all the land on the earth except the poles.
6. Classification of the origin of Harlan cultivated plants
Harlan (J. R. Harlan, 197 1) believes that domestication in some parts of the world (such as the Middle East, northern China and Central America) conforms to vavilov's model of origin, while domestication in other areas (such as Africa, Southeast Asia and South America-east indies) does not conform to the model of origin. According to the characteristics of diffusion in crop domestication, he divided cultivated plants into five categories.
The characteristic of a plant is its photosynthetic ability-that is, it can use water, minerals and carbon dioxide to produce food with the help of light energy and chlorophyll that animals do not have. After releasing oxygen, glucose, an energy-rich substance, remains as a component of plant cells.
It is believed that the ancestors of all plants are unicellular non-photosynthetic organisms, which devour photosynthetic bacteria and form a mutually beneficial relationship: photosynthetic bacteria live in plant cells (the so-called endogenous phenomenon), and finally bacteria become chloroplasts. Plants are usually inactive because they don't need to look for food.
How to burn the flowers grown by a plant called purple egg flower?
What plants grow pistachios? Pistachio nuts are also called pistachios, which belong to dried fruits and are also called pistachios.
Rich in vitamin E, trace elements and antioxidant elements, it has the remarkable characteristics of low fat, low calorie and high fiber.
Mainly produced in Syria, Iraq, Iran, the southwest of the former Soviet Union and southern Europe. China and Xinjiang are also cultivated.
Pistachio nuts are rich in oil, which has the functions of relaxing bowels and helping the body to detoxify. Pistachio nuts are nourishing edible drugs, which can treat neurasthenia, edema, anemia, malnutrition, chronic diarrhea and other diseases. Pistachio nuts also have the function of delivering milk, which can be used to deliver milk during lactation. But people with high blood pressure and obesity should not eat more.
Plants that grow on the soil germinate and grow from the soil, and the white ones may be bugs. You have no plans here.
Do red beans grow on plants? When those red berries come in spring, they flush on your southern branches. Take a hug home for me as a symbol of our love! -Wang Wei
Legend has it that in ancient times, there was a man who went out to war, and his wife leaned against the big tree on the mountain day and night to pray; I cried under the tree because I missed my lover in frontier fortress. When the tears dried up, bright red blood dripped out. Blood drops turn into red beans, take root and sprout, grow into trees and be full of red beans, which people call acacia beans. Day after day, I went to Qiu Lai in spring. The fruit of the big tree, along with the miss in the girl's heart, has gradually become the most beautiful red heart-shaped seed on the earth-acacia beans. -turn from: whose heart does red bean represent?
Red beans have a profound cultural heritage. Real acacia red beans, extra-large grain shape, diameter of 8-9 mm, per catty 1700. This real acacia red bean is endowed with a special quality by nature: hard as a diamond, bright as blood, like a beating heart, red and shiny, not decaying, crystal clear and never fading. Its shape and texture are "heart-shaped". Really big-hearted, careful and soul mate. Legend has it that lovesick people can't dissolve under the tears tree and finally condense.
In the folk, acacia red beans are as spiritual and auspicious as jade: make a promise and send a string of acacia beans, and you will get a smooth love; When getting married, the bride will wear a bracelet or necklace made of bright red locust beans on her wrist or neck, which symbolizes that both men and women are soul mates and grow old together; After marriage, six acacia beans are placed under the pillow of the husband and wife, which can ensure that the husband and wife are United and happy for a hundred years. At present, acacia red bean ornaments are popular in South China. Fashion women are proud to wear exquisite red bean ornaments, and male and female lovers choose acacia red bean ornaments to express their love. Red beans, as the sustenance of acacia, have existed since ancient times.
Red bean trees bloom in April-May, and the flowers are bisexual. It can only ripen in September-65438+10, and the fruit is flat. Its texture is leathery, nearly round and without mesocarp. The pod contains 1~2 bright red and beautiful seeds. It's acacia red beans. There is no certain regularity in flowering and fruiting of red bean trees. Some trees bloom only once every few decades, and after flowering, they may not bear fruit, so they become rare treasures.
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English name of red bean: red bean
Main effects: treating edema, removing beriberi and enriching blood.
Date of birth: 65438+ from late February to early February of the following year.
Nutrition: amino acids, vitamin B and iron.
Edible part: seeds.
How to eat: cook.
Red beans, also known as adzuki beans and adzuki beans, are officially called adzuki beans in Shen Nong's Classic of Materia Medica and Compendium of Materia Medica, and are a kind of food with the same origin of medicine and food. Red beans are sweet, flat and non-toxic. In traditional medicine, it is mainly used for promoting blood circulation (such as treating edema), benefiting qi (such as removing beriberi) and strengthening the spleen. That is, it has the effects of invigorating spleen, promoting diuresis, detoxifying and reducing swelling. Therefore, Shen Nong's Herbal Classic in Han Dynasty expounded its function: "Red bean can dredge the small intestine, facilitate urination, reduce swelling and expel pus, clear away heat and toxic materials, treat dysentery and beriberi, quench thirst and hangover, and promote lactation and fertility." "So in Sun Simiao's" For Emergency Use ",there will be a medicated diet made of red beans and carp to improve edema beriberi caused by pregnant women in the third trimester. It is precisely because carp can nourish and diuresis, while red beans can diuresis, clear away heat and detoxify. In traditional Chinese medicine, red beans can improve edema caused by kidney, heart and beriberi, which is mainly due to the role of saponin compounds contained in them. In addition to diuresis and constipation prevention, they also have detoxification and vomiting effects. The content of saponins in the seed coat of red beans is particularly high, so don't peel red beans when cooking. According to modern nutritional analysis, red beans are rich in vitamin b 1, which can not only prevent fatigue substances from depositing in muscles, prevent beriberi, but also make sugar easier to decompose and burn. So red beans also have the effect of preventing obesity. "Dietetic Materia Medica" says: "Eat thin people for a long time. The enclosed red bean carp soup is a famous slimming dish. Red bean is a very suitable food for women, because it is rich in iron and has a good blood-enriching function. Whether it is aimed at improving postpartum hypogalactia's condition of pregnant women or relieving the discomfort symptoms of ordinary women during menstruation, drinking a bowl of hot red bean soup often can play a role in regulating menstruation and promoting lactation. However, it must be noted that it is best not to mix it with sweets such as glutinous rice balls and rice balls, because the heat will be too high, but you can add a little brown sugar, which will have a warming effect.
In modern nutritional analysis, red beans have always been considered as a staple food with high nutritional content. However, in the process of human digestion, the bean fiber of red beans is easy to produce gas in the intestine, so people with weak intestines and stomach often have flatulence and other discomfort after eating red beans. In fact, when people eat red beans, they are used to adding some sugar to improve the taste. But from the perspective of Chinese medicine, they think that "being willing makes people full". Therefore, people with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold are more likely to feel full if they eat too many sweets. Therefore, adding a little salt when cooking red beans will have the effect of "softening and hardening" and help to eliminate flatulence.
In addition, when some people cook red beans, in order to remove the astringency, they will scald them once before cooking, but the water for scalding red beans contains dissolved saponin compounds, so don't pour them out, and then cook them with red beans. Red beans are often cooked with cereals such as oat or barley. Because protein contained in red beans is an incomplete amino acid, it must be eaten with cereals, which is more helpful to health.
< < diy healthy recipes >
Left 1 Red bean carp soup
Materials: carp 1 strip (about 600g), red beans 75g, red dates 1 9g, dried tangerine peel1piece.
Seasoning: salt, pepper and a little oil.
Methods: 1. Wash and drain red beans and red dates, soak dried tangerine peel, scrape the gourd ladle, and remove the core of red dates for later use.
2. Scaled carp, washed and dried, sprinkled with a little salt and pepper, then fried with a little oil until slightly golden, and then degreased with clear water.
3. Put all the ingredients into the pot at the same time, pour in the right amount of water until the water boils, then simmer with medium and small fire until the materials are soft and thick, and finally add the right amount of salt to taste.
Efficacy: Improve the edema of beriberi in pregnant women, and have slimming effect on ordinary people.
Zuofang No.2 Red Bean Brown Rice
Ingredients: red beans, brown rice, soybeans and apricots each15g, cold boiled water 200c.
Seasoning: 1 tbsp brown sugar.
Methods: 1. Wash red beans, brown rice, soybeans and apricots, soak them in small cups of water for 4 hours, then steam them in an electric cooker for 30 minutes and stew them for 20 minutes.
2. Add all the materials into the brown sugar and stir well.
Efficacy: Reduce edema of pregnant women and fetal toxicity.
Choose necessities.
When purchasing, you should choose the ones with full particles, consistent size ratio, bright colors and not being eaten by insects, and the quality will be better and fresher.
Cleaning and storage
Red beans must be stored in a dry and humid place to avoid mildew. It can also be stored in the refrigerator for about 20 days.
taboo
1. Red beans belong to the agent of "light osmosis and diuresis" in the classification of traditional Chinese medicine, and people with deficiency constitution should not eat more.
People with bad stomach should not eat more, because it is easy to flatulence.