The difference between Dewey's pragmatism and Tao Xingzhi's modern educational thought. Dewey is a famous pragmatic philosopher and educator, who founded the ideological system of pragmatic education, so he is known as the "pragmatic giant". Tao Xingzhi is a great people educator in China. 19 15, when he was 24 years old, he majored in education management in Teachers College of Columbia University, and Dewey was his tutor. As Dewey's favorite pupil, Tao Xingzhi made a comprehensive study of Dewey's educational thought. After returning to China, according to the current social situation in China, he launched a mass education movement, inherited and developed Dewey's education thought, and founded a modern education theory with "life education" as the main line. Here we compare Dewey's and Tao Xingzhi's educational thoughts from five aspects:
I. Education and life
From the two educational viewpoints of "education is life" and "life is education", people can find that Dewey and Tao Xingzhi attach great importance to the relationship between life and education. Dewey's "education is life" contains two meanings: (1) education is a necessity of social life, and Dewey believes that education is a tool for the continuation of social life; (2) Education exists in social life and must be closely linked with social life. As he said in Democracy and Education, "society not only continues to produce through communication, but also can fairly say that it survives through communication." "Not only social life and communication are the same thing, but all communication (so all real social life) has educational significance." What he calls "communication" is actually "education", so "education is life". "You can't live without a degree." ①
Tao Xingzhi's "life is education" tends to be a kind of "mass education". In his eyes, "life education is the education of the masses, the education run by the masses themselves, and the education run by the masses for the liberation of life." He believes that people should be educated in life. Tao Xingzhi's Life is Education expounds life from the perspective of education, emphasizing "the educational significance of life or the significance of life to education". His "life is education" has three meanings: first, life education is the original existence of human society, but life is education; Second, life determines education, and real life is the center of education; Third, the meaning of education is the change of life, and it is for the need of life moving forward. He believes that "a birdcage is a birdcage after all, and it is by no means a bird's world", so he advocates expanding the scope of education and putting birds in the sky, while school education should open the whole social life to students and keep close contact with children's life world. He believes that life itself is an education,
Generally speaking, Dewey's "education is life" and Tao Xingzhi's "life is education" both attach great importance to the relationship between life and education, breaking the situation that "education is self-education and society is self-society" advocated by traditional education, which leads to the disconnection between schools and society, students can't solve practical problems and students can't adapt to the serious consequences of society. Even today, their views are still of great significance to the "return of education to students' life world" advocated by us.
Second, schools and society.
? Dewey put forward "school is society" according to "education is life". He called on the school to have the same environment as the existing system, so as to cultivate people who can fully adapt to the current social life. School is a form of social life, which simplifies social life and restores it to an embryonic state, presenting students' current social life. Of course, school is not a simple transplantation and replication of society. Compared with the ordinary living environment, the school provides a simplified, purified and balanced environment for students to grow up smoothly. As a primary society, school is not independent of the real society, but closely linked with the real society. Dewey believes that "school life must be consistent with off-campus life." These two aspects must interact freely. "If school life has nothing to do with off-campus life, even if children can learn about society and cultivate interest in society at school, they can't be applied to off-campus life." The school is isolated from the society, so the knowledge in the school cannot be applied to life, so it is not good for conduct. "
The concept of "school is society" is like catching a lively bird from the air and putting it in a birdcage. It tries to absorb all aspects of society and merge into a primary school, so it is easy to be widely implemented, while the concept of "society is school" is the opposite. It seeks to extend all aspects of the school to nature.
Tao Xingzhi's "society is school" is based on the criticism of Dewey's educational thought. Tao Xingzhi believes that under the idea of "school is society", there are too few things in schools, so it is better to advocate "society is school" in turn. Educational materials, educational methods, educational tools and educational environment can be greatly increased, as can students and teachers. "Society is school" is closely related to "life is education", which is a different interpretation of the same meaning of "life is education" and its logical extension and guarantee. Because the "life" of life education is social life, "the movement of the whole society is the scope of education, and there is no need to talk about any connection, but its blood is naturally connected." The basic idea of "society is school" is to oppose "minority education" that is divorced from life and the masses of the people, and advocate using the strength of all sectors of society to get through the connection between schools and society, establish schools that people need, and cultivate talents that society needs. Really put the school into the society, make the school closely connected with the society, and make the school a necessity of social life. Therefore, the real meaning of "society is school" is to run schools according to social needs. As far as the content of education is concerned, people can do whatever education they need. As far as the form of education is concerned, any form of school is suitable. "Society is school" is not the theory of school extinction, but the theory of school transformation, which transforms old schools to meet the needs of social development.
Third, education and morality.
Moral education is also an important part of Dewey's pragmatic education thought system. In 1909 "Moral Principles in Education" and later "Democracy and Education", he opposed democracy from the concepts of American society and modern life and democracy.
Herbart Dewey, hutchins and Tao Xingzhi have similarities and differences in their thoughts.
What is Tao Xingzhi's thought? Quoted here.
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Learn from Tao Xingzhi how to teach China whimsy.
Song: Ving Liu.
Word: Zhao Zhisheng
Hanxingzhou arrangement
Producer: Lu
Singing: Yang Mi.
Peach fell in love with sweet chocolate sauce.
It's a little sad that yogurt is forgotten.
Buy a refrigerator and sing for heartbreak.
Listen to thunder yo ~ thunder yo ~ yo ~
Cake does not get fat, milk tea reduces fat.
Want to lose weight and eat more lollipops
Ice cream is obsessed with the smell of cherries.
Oh, ray yo ~ ray yo ~ yo ~
I opened the window and flew.
I’m not doing anything right now. I wander in the sky.
Aladdin's magic lamp appeared Give me three wishes quickly.
My first wish is to travel around the world.
Versailles monastery in St. Kyle's Square
There is a boy next to me.
He is kind-hearted and cheerful.
The second wish is to soar in outer space.
He took his time wandering in the universe.
The third wish is to hold hands in church.
He is the groom and I am his bride.
The sky-blue sun and the pink moon.
The stars are swaying in the sky.
Snowflakes appreciate the singing of leaves.
It's called lei yo ~ lei yo ~ yo ~
Goldfish is stubborn and lives alone in the bathtub.
The toy duck has long wanted to pair with him.
High heels decided to sing together.
Listen to thunder yo ~ thunder yo ~ yo ~
Compare the similarities and differences of Tao Xingzhi's and Chen Heqin's preschool education thoughts. There are similarities and differences in Chen Hetao's educational thoughts. Chen advocates life education, while Tao advocates that life is education. Similarly, student-centered and life-oriented education, (>
What is the essence of Tao Xingzhi's thought? Today, how to learn from Tao Xingzhi and Dewey represents pragmatic pedagogy. Pragmatic education thought, together with the "progressive education" in western Europe, opposes traditional education and becomes a new school of education. They advocated replacing teachers' center with children-centered, replacing subject teaching with activity courses, criticizing that traditional education is divorced from the reality of students' lives and ignoring students' interests and needs, and put forward slogans such as "education is life", "school is society" and "learning by doing", which formed a perfect pragmatic educational ideology and became the representative of "modern education school".
What scientists are Wu Jingzi and Tao Xingzhi? Wu's Ming Dynasty novelists include The Scholars.
Tao Xingzhi is a modern thinker, scholar and educator in China.
What is the family of Li Siguang and Tao Xingzhi? Li Siguang is a geologist, educator, musician and social activist.
Tao Xingzhi is an educator and thinker.
What is the relationship between Tao Xingzhi and Tao Yuanming? Tao Yuanming was from Jin Dynasty; Tao Xingzhi is modern. The difference between them is more than 1500 years. If we have to investigate their relationship, then they are all surnamed Tao and are all descendants of Tao.