Words? |? Zhang Hailing
Editor? |? Zhang Lijuan
Guangdong finally entered winter in 65438+February, which may be the latest winter in Guangdong in my impression.
Some time ago, the provinces above Guangdong basically entered the winter, some temperatures dropped to single digits, and some even snowed. But winter in Guangdong has not come for a long time. Recently, hot search found that Guangdong is still wearing short-sleeved shorts, showing no respect for winter. However, after entering 65438+February, the winter in Guangdong is like stepping on the accelerator, and the temperature is close to single digits.
On the first day of February, 65438, I tidied my sweater and trousers, which made me feel "frozen" invisibly. It can be seen that although this winter came a little late, it started really well.
This reminds me of the development of electrification of Japanese car companies in recent years. In my opinion, Japanese car companies should be regarded as the slowest car companies in the automobile industry. Although Nissan's early listening style was all the rage, now if you want to buy a pure electric car, the pre-order list may include Tesla, Weilai and Ideality; There may also be BYD and GAC new energy sources; There may also be BMW and Audi; But there are almost no Japanese brands, although they also have such products.
Judging from the current market segments, although Toyota has pure electric C-HR and pure electric Yize, Nissan has pure electric Sylphy, and Honda also has it? X-NV, but their cost performance is relatively low, either "oil to electricity" or the price is outrageous.
Therefore, the performance of Japanese car companies in electrification in recent years will make many people feel that they seem to be "outdated".
However, in the past two years, the actions of Japanese car companies in the field of electrification have become frequent, especially at the two A-class auto shows after this year's epidemic. The performance of Japanese car companies in electrification, some like stepping on the accelerator pedal, some like a combination boxing, some like spring rain, moistening things silently ... everything is worth discussing.
As we all know, Toyota has made great achievements in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). Since 200 1, more than 20 HEV models have been imported to China. In mid-September this year, the cumulative sales volume of Toyota HEV models in China has exceeded 1 10,000 vehicles.
But this is limited to HEV models, because Toyota officially listed its first pure electric vehicle, Yize EV, in China on May 20th this year. The low sales volume is touching, and it is based on the fuel version of Yize. It is not an exaggeration to say that it is "oil to electricity". It can be seen that compared with many car companies, Toyota's electrification can be said to be very slow.
However, at this year's auto show, Toyota gathered its EV (pure electric), HEV (hybrid electric), PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric) and FCEV (hydrogen fuel cell) all-around electric vehicles on the booth, as if to say to consumers in China: I am carrying out an electric counterattack.
Among them, HEV model has always been Toyota's trump card, PHEV and EV are Toyota's models only launched in recent two years, but they are mainly distributed in the hot-selling models Corolla, Lei Ling, CH-R and Yize. The biggest attraction of Toyota in electrification is undoubtedly the latest electrification achievement exhibited by Toyota at the Beijing Auto Show-the concept of "MIRAI" of the second generation fuel cell vehicle. Toyota had previously wanted to directly skip the development of pure electric vehicles and directly enter FCEV from HEV.
However, as can be seen from Toyota's current layout, Toyota's route has become an all-round and gradual technical route. EV, HEV, PHEV and FCEV all have layouts, but they all have deviations.
According to Toyota's plan, I think Toyota hopes to develop HEV models into p HEV and EV models. This is not a wild guess, because Toyota has announced that it will launch 10 models based on e-TNGA architecture around the world by 2025, and pure electric CH-R and Yize are built on this architecture.
Moreover, Toyota temporarily put the most promising hydrogen fuel cell in the commercial vehicle field. In March this year, Toyota Motor and Hino Motor agreed to develop heavy fuel cell trucks; In June this year, Toyota Motor Corporation, Yihuatong, China FAW, Dongfeng Motor Corporation, BAIC Group and Guangzhou Automobile Group established United Fuel Cell System Research and Development (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (FCRD), which mainly researched and developed commercial vehicle fuel cell systems.
In addition, Toyota has joined hands with BYD, Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd. and Panasonic to comprehensively promote the development of electric vehicles, the stable supply of batteries, the improvement of durability and the recycling after use.
It can be seen that for Toyota, which has always been known for its steady style, when it is everything? When IN was electrified, it proved that it was carrying out an all-round electrification counterattack.
Nissan's electric dream has already begun. When the "two fields" are aimed at hydrogen vehicles, Nissan has already achieved a bumper harvest in the sales of electric vehicles-the Leaf, which went on the market in 2065438+00, sold100,000 vehicles in 20 19, and the cumulative sales volume has reached 400,000 vehicles in 2019, which can be called the heyday. 3)。
But all this stays in the past, because in recent years, Nissan's share and voice in the electrification market are quite small. Nissan has only one pure electric vehicle in China-Xuanyi pure electric vehicle. The price range of this car is 238,000-254,000, and the battery life is only 338 kilometers, so the sales volume has been sluggish.
In fact, Nissan has been laying out the electrification market for the past two years. Starting from 20 17, Nissan has successively introduced several electric concept cars. The earliest model is IMx, and its design style is very similar to today's Ariya. At that time, the mass production of IMx landed in the second half of 2020, which coincided with the Ariya mass production version released by Nissan in July.
According to Nissan's plan in China, all Nissan models to be listed in China in the future will be electrified, and it is planned to launch nine models before 2025, replacing all engine vehicles except pure electric vehicles with hybrid vehicles.
In order to complete this plan, Nissan said that there will be two routes. First, the CMF electric vehicle platform is adopted, which is specially designed for pure electric vehicles. By 2020, the platform will cover 70% of electric vehicles; The other is the introduction of e-Power technology (reading extension: is e-Power a rising star or a walk-on? ), 19 In June, Nissan announced that it would cooperate with Sunwoda Company to jointly develop the next generation power battery of Nissan's e-POWER model. This means that the new car equipped with e-Power technology will be listed in China market soon, and Nissan can finally get rid of the dilemma of selling only one "Sylphy pure electric" in China market, and is even expected to compete with Toyota's "Double Engine" and Honda's "Sharp Hybrid".
Moreover, if Nissan expands the technical route of e-Power and turns it into an extended-range electric vehicle or plug-in hybrid vehicle, Nissan's plan to sell 654.38+million electric vehicles or e-Power vehicles in 2022 will be possible.
In order to show Nissan's determination to electrify this time, Nissan not only launched a brand-new logo, but also announced the establishment of an organizational structure in China, granting more management rights and introducing new technologies to the region.
It can be seen that Nissan is trying to regain its dream in the face of the market pressure of double decline in sales and revenue this year. But can its original electric dream come true smoothly? I don't know, but I know there is not much time left for Nissan.
In my opinion, Honda still focuses on hybrid technology and promotes the comprehensive electrification of HEV, PHEV, EV and FCV.
Therefore, Honda and Toyota have many similarities in the process of electrification. First, they are good at hybrid power, second, they all pay attention to the research and development of hydrogen fuel, and third, they develop hybrid power into plug-in hybrid power. But one thing is different from Toyota, which has a complete industrial chain from hybrid power to hydrogen fuel cells, while Honda has no bright spot in electrification.
Although Honda mass-produced pure electric vehicles earlier than Toyota, in fact, pure electric vehicles VE- 1, X-NV and M-NV are not standard for Honda. They are more like Honda's pure electric vehicles, or it is difficult to play a pioneer role in Honda's electrification era in response to China's double-integral policy.
If we want to mention the forerunner of Honda's electrification era, it should be Honda, which was released at overseas auto shows and widely praised. E, but Honda didn't introduce it directly, because Honda felt that a small electric car with a battery life of 220km was not suitable for the China market, so it rebuilt a Honda? SUV？ e:？ Concept, and may become a pioneer of Honda in China.
Because from now on, Honda only released the first PHEV model-CR-V at the Beijing Auto Show. Exercise? Half-breed? E+, and there is no new car based on pure electric platform in China at this stage, but according to the "small goal" formulated by Honda 20 18, more than 20 electric vehicles will be put into China by 2025. It can be seen that Honda's electrification is still a conservative route and is in line with market development.
It is reported that the relevant person in charge of power research and development of Honda has planned to develop a brand-new pure electric platform. This year, Honda just announced its cooperation with GM, and Honda's pure electric vehicles in the future North American market will be developed by the third-generation pure electric platform BEV3. This is similar to Toyota's emphasis on BYD's "Three Electricity" technology, which once again proves that Honda is only a follower in the field of electrification, not a leader.
I once saw a saying: Mazda only makes cars for 2% people who know cars. Perhaps because of this, Mazda will not get on the electrified bus until the last second.
At the end of last year, Mazda released its first pure electric SUV model MX-30 at the Tokyo Motor Show. This is the first time Mazda has "compromised" electrification, but in fact, among the mainstream car companies in the world, Mazda is almost the last car company to launch pure electric vehicles. After all, according to Mazda's concept of building a car, it is normal for Mazda to refuse electrification.
For decades, Mazda has always adhered to the internal combustion engine, whether it is refusing turbocharging, researching rotary engines or releasing Chuangchi Blue Sky engines. However, Mazda's sales in China have been declining in recent years, with a decrease of 65,438+02% in 2065,438+08 and 24% in 2065,438+09. This enabled Mazda to start electrification, but according to the plan announced by Mazda, around 2030, 95% of Mazda's models will be products of internal combustion engine combined with electrification technology. It can be seen that Mazda is still addicted to internal combustion engines.
According to the chairman of Mazda (China), Hirohiko Watanabe, in an interview with Economic Observer, Mazda will work with partners in China to develop new energy vehicles. In addition, at the launch of Mazda MX-30, Mazda President and CEO announced that the rotary engine will return in the first half of 2022.
Judging from the PPT of Mazda's third quarter financial report, I guess the rotary engine may be used as a range extender, similar to Li ONE's extended-range electric vehicle, which no longer directly drives the wheels, but charges the battery pack; Chuangchi Blue Sky Engine and battery make up PHEV model, because in Marubeni's view, "unique internal combustion engine technology is still Mazda's brand symbol".
Although a few car companies are still insisting on developing other materials to replace electric vehicles, electrification is still the best solution at present and the most worthy of discussion.
According to the prediction and analysis of Deloitte's new energy vehicle market scale model, the production and sales of pure electric vehicles in China market will exceed150,000 in 2030, accounting for 90% of the total sales of new energy. But Rome was not built in a day. At present, the battery, battery life, charging speed, pile density and L2+ assisted driving are the core considerations for most users.
Therefore, even if the electrification process of Japanese car companies is different, the current Japanese car companies generally choose the route of steady progress: internal combustion engine+electrification technology as the main route, supplemented by other routes. Because at present, HEV or extended-range vehicles are more in line with the car environment of most families than EV, and if HEV or extended-range vehicles can be deeply rooted in people's hearts, it will prove that consumers are slowly accepting electrification, which will be more conducive to the development of pure electricity.
The country took a fancy to these points, so on June 22 this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Decision on Amending the Measures for the Parallel Management of Average Fuel Consumption of Passenger Car Enterprises and New Energy Vehicle Points", adding the "preferential terms for low-fuel passenger cars in new energy vehicle points accounting". For the traditional energy passenger cars that meet the conditions of low fuel consumption, when calculating the new energy vehicle points of enterprises, the new energy points of HEV models can also be obtained if the passenger cars with low fuel consumption are produced or used by others from 202/kloc-0 to 2023.
In addition, in September 16 global new energy vehicle supply chain innovation conference, Wang Binggang, head of the national new energy vehicle innovation engineering expert group, revealed that the new version of "Technology Roadmap for Energy Saving and New Energy Vehicles" put forward the goal of 15 to make traditional vehicles "mixed" in an all-round way.
Compared with the previous "pure electricity", this is an adjustment that respects market rules. Indeed, the sign of the end of one era is maturity. Only in this way can the next era be steadily opened.
It is precisely because of this that Japanese car companies have taken a fancy to it that they have not rashly attacked pure electric vehicles. This kind of steady and steady, accurate judgment of market video games is really worth learning from traditional car companies.
* The pictures in this article are partly from the Internet.
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.