1. Re-apply nitrogen fertilizer, lightly apply phosphorus fertilizer and violently apply potassium fertilizer.
Nitrogen is a component of many substances in crops. Applying more nitrogen fertilizer is beneficial to the synthesis of large protein, promoting cell division and growth, increasing leaf area and strengthening photosynthesis, which is beneficial to the accumulation of dry matter and the formation of yield. However, if too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the leaves are prone to hypertrophy, the stems are thin and weak, and it is easy to lodging, which leads to yield reduction. At the same time, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer will affect the quality of agricultural products.
2. One-sided pursuit of high yield, a large number of chemical fertilizers.
In poor soil, the effect of applying phosphate fertilizer alone is not obvious. The fertilizer efficiency of phosphate fertilizer is reduced due to technical errors. A few farmers know a thing or two about potash fertilizer, so in production practice, potassium is the main nutrient element in crops, and it is also one of the three major factors that often affect crop yield due to insufficient supply in soil.
Potassium is different from nitrogen and phosphorus. Potassium exists in plant juice in ionic state. Potassium fertilizer did not significantly help plants absorb and utilize nitrogen and enhance the nitrogen fixation of leguminous rhizobia. Because some people generally think that the soil in this area is rich in potassium, they ignore the understanding of potassium fertilizer. At this stage, the phenomena of heavy nitrogen, light phosphorus and light potassium are more serious.
3. Lack of understanding of the nature and use of fertilizers
All organic and inorganic substances that can improve the growth and nutritional status of plants when applied to soil or aboveground parts of plants are collectively called fertilizers, which are converted into calcium sulfate according to the chemical properties of fertilizers. In the process of agricultural production, farmers often ignore the understanding of the nature and use of fertilizers, especially inorganic fertilizers, which often leads to the inefficient use of fertilizers.
Therefore, in production, fertilization must have a certain understanding of fertilizer. For example, carbon and ammonia in nitrogen fertilizer are easily soluble in water, volatile, and easily decomposed when encountering alkaline substances, resulting in the loss of nitrogen. Therefore, it must be dried and preserved in production, and it must be applied deeply when fertilizing. Only in the process of fertilization can we understand and master the nature of fertilizer and how to use it, so as to use fertilizer reasonably, scientifically and effectively and improve economic benefits.
4. Lack of understanding of crop nutritional characteristics
In the process of fertilization, farmers often use one-time fertilization, ignoring the characteristics and laws of fertilization in different nutritional periods of crops, which will cause uneven nutrition in different nutritional periods of crops, inhibit the growth and development of crops, and cause ideal but unattainable results. The peak of cotton fertilizer absorption is at flowering and boll stage, nitrogen absorption peak is at full flowering stage, and phosphorus and potassium absorption peak is from full flowering stage to boll opening stage. According to the supply of soil nutrients, apply zinc, boron, manganese and other elements. Cotton requires high fertility in cotton fields, so it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer and timely and appropriate topdressing.