Change to 1. The extra points in the college entrance examination are obviously "slimming"
Olympic medals and special sports students are no longer the "trump cards" for extra points, while "three good students" and "excellent cadres" are gradually fading ... The new college entrance examination reform plan stipulates that extra points for special students such as sports and art will be cancelled from this year. The local college entrance examination plus points shall be determined by the provincial people's government and reported to the Ministry of Education for the record. In principle, it is only applicable to the enrollment of colleges and universities affiliated to this province (autonomous regions and municipalities).
This year, the national bonus items have been adjusted as required, and the local bonus items will be reduced from 95 in 20 14 to 35 in 20 18, with a decrease of 63%. There are 30 provinces to reduce and standardize the implementation plan of college entrance examination plus points, which have been reported to the Ministry of Education for the record.
Fairness is the core spirit of college entrance examination reform. The purpose of canceling or reducing the extra points in college entrance examination is to minimize fraud.
Change 2. Independent enrollment is conducted after the unified examination.
This year's new college entrance examination reform plan stipulates that "independent enrollment arrangements will be carried out after the national unified college entrance examination", which makes many candidates and parents feel that "the burden is reduced". This reform highlights the authority and importance of the unified college entrance examination, and indeed reduces the autonomy of both candidates and universities to a certain extent. However, there are still some colleges and universities that may contact some middle schools "privately" in advance, aiming at top students in advance.
Since 2003, the country has started to carry out pilot enrollment in 90 colleges and universities, and the number of candidates admitted through independent enrollment channels accounts for about 5% of the total enrollment of pilot colleges and universities every year. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education said that 90 colleges and universities participating in the pilot program of independent enrollment this year have all publicized the approval list of independent enrollment in 20 15 years, and the independent enrollment assessment was postponed to about two weeks after the end of the national unified examination and before the results were announced.
Change 3. Classified examination in higher vocational colleges.
According to the deployment of the new college entrance examination reform plan, students who pass all kinds of classified examinations in 20 15 years are expected to account for half of the total enrollment of higher vocational colleges.
The so-called classified examination is explained in detail in the Implementation Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Examination Enrollment System as follows: the examination enrollment of higher vocational colleges is relatively separated from that of ordinary colleges, and the evaluation method of "cultural quality+professional skills" is implemented. Secondary vocational school graduates apply for higher vocational colleges and take part in the examination combining cultural foundation with vocational skills. Ordinary high school graduates apply for higher vocational colleges, take part in vocational adaptability tests, and use high school academic level test scores for cultural quality scores, with reference to comprehensive quality evaluation. Students can also take the unified college entrance examination and enter higher vocational colleges.
On the one hand, this reform has adjusted the proportion of subject knowledge and professional skill knowledge in the examination, on the other hand, it has increased the proportion of secondary vocational students applying for higher vocational education (in the past, this proportion was limited to 5%), which not only further expanded and strengthened the function of the college entrance examination, but also promoted the further integration of the vocational education system.
Experts estimate that if classified enrollment is successfully implemented, more than 4 million candidates will no longer take the "single-plank bridge" of the college entrance examination every year, which can theoretically alleviate the dual pressure of individual and national examination systems.
Change 4. 18 provinces use national unified proposition papers.
The latest announcement of the Ministry of Education: The number of provinces that use the national unified examination paper this year will increase from 15 last year to 18. At present, in addition to the newly added three provinces of Jiangxi, Liaoning and Shandong, there are Ningxia, Jilin, Gansu, Guizhou, Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Qinghai, Yunnan, Henan, Guangxi, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Hebei and Hainan. The provinces that still adopt independent propositions mainly include: Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong and other provinces and cities. The national unity of the proposition can ensure the hierarchy and scientificity of the proposition, and can also minimize the' missing questions' in the middle of the proposition.
The proposition of provincial autonomy in college entrance examination began in 1989, and was first piloted in Shanghai. 20 14 years, 6 sets of provincial and municipal propositions14.
There are several important reasons for the return from the provincial proposition of some provinces and cities to the unified proposition of most regions. First, to ensure the quality of the general proposition test, some provinces that once had independent propositions still have problems or deficiencies; Second, unifying the proposition is more conducive to embodying fairness and reducing the difficulty difference of the proposition itself. The key is to fully adjust the relationship between "standard score" and "admission score" in marking papers and enrolling students, so as to make the examination admission more fair and reasonable.
Change 5. The president of the university issued the admission notice.
The new college entrance examination reform plan puts forward the establishment of enrollment accountability system. From 20 15, the principal will issue the admission notice and be responsible for the admission result. It is an international practice for the headmaster to issue an admission notice. Constantly strengthening the accountability system for enrollment is to' tighten the strings' for the relevant responsible persons in colleges and universities and put an end to offside and abuse of power in the enrollment process.
The reporter learned that in 20 15 years, all the admission notices issued by the presidents of colleges and universities across the country will be in place. At the same time, the Ministry of Education requires all local colleges and universities to strictly implement the principle of "ten openness" of college enrollment information and 26 bans on college enrollment as required, and repeatedly affirm the red line of enrollment.
The new college entrance examination reform plan also proposes that colleges and universities can implement third-party supervision over enrollment by hiring social supervisors to inspect school examinations and admission sites.
Change 6. The full implementation of parallel volunteer admission file.
This year, according to the deployment of the college entrance examination reform plan, 365 and 438+0 provinces will fully implement the admission and filing of parallel volunteer. The so-called parallel volunteer, for example, a province stipulates that candidates can fill in six volunteers in the first batch, so these six volunteers are the "first volunteers" in the parallel relationship.
Although parallel volunteer intended to prevent many candidates who failed to choose for the first time from "slipping" to the next batch, it also caused new worries for candidates and parents. For example, in Beijing, where parallel volunteer is implemented for the first time this year, many parents told reporters that this method will allow more outstanding candidates to gather in key universities and put forward higher requirements for volunteering skills.
Since parallel volunteer was first piloted in Hunan in 2003, 28 provinces and cities have successively implemented parallel volunteer. Parallel volunteer's original intention is to realize the ruler function of scores to the maximum extent, and to reflect the efficiency and fairness of talent selection in the college entrance examination. Colleges, middle schools and social institutions should strengthen guidance on major setting, academic planning and candidates' interests, and try their best to help each candidate fill in more suitable and ideal volunteers.