Liao Mosha is not only an old revolutionary, but also a famous essay writer. He has been dealing with books all his life. Liao Lao once said, "Books are teachers and friends. A hardworking and tenacious young man will become smart, knowledgeable, moral and cultured if he forms a flesh-and-blood relationship with books. With the accumulation of knowledge and the broadening of horizons, the more you learn, the more you want to learn. All aspects of knowledge complement each other and are inexhaustible. "
This is indeed the experience of Liao Laoji's lifelong practice. He likes reading books, especially literature books, since he was a child. From the third grade of primary school, I began to read China's classical novels such as The Scholars and A Dream of Red Mansions, and read a large number of works and books written or edited by Bing Xin, Mao Dun and Zheng Zhenduo, as well as many foreign works. 1927, Liao Lao graduated from Changsha Normal University and moved to Shanghai as a university auditor for one year, and then embarked on the road of self-study. During the period, he shared a shabby house with his classmates, went to the library to study during the day, and arranged notes and practiced writing in the "studio" at night.
After reading Lu Xun's essays, Liao Lao became interested in essays, and later began to publish essays in Free Talk. Because of the "miscellaneous" nature of essays, the author is required to have a wide range of knowledge, and reading has since broken through the boundaries of literature and entered astronomy, geography, society, politics, economy, military and other fields. Since 1932, Liao Lao has been working as an editor in news organizations such as Yunzhong Daily, Anti-Japanese Daily, Salvation Daily and Xinhua Daily, and his work needs him. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the newspaper reports on the current situation increased sharply, and Liao Lao buried himself in military research. From China's ancient art of war, to Mao Zedong's military works such as On Protracted War and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's Strategic Issues, and then to German strategist Kofenwitz's On War and ludendorff's All-People War, he learned and understood many military terms and expressions, and quickly applied these concepts and theories.
Liao Lao once said with deep feelings: "Study hard and persevere." Any knowledge is infinite, and it is impossible for a person to reach Passepartout in a limited life. "
Physical and mental health rules
The old man in Liao Mosha died in 199 1 year, 65438+February. 1 month 1988, 16, and Liao Lao 8 1 birthday. When he was in Hunan, he introduced his way of keeping in good health. Liao Mosha was once a member of the "Three Villages" of unjust cases, which is almost known to everyone. Two other members, Deng Tuo and Wu Han, were killed during the Cultural Revolution. Therefore, his way of keeping in good health began with criticizing the disaster of "three villages" at that time. "The first point of my health care is that I don't worry about everything, I can get through it when things go wrong, and I have a little Ah Q spirit." During the ten-year catastrophe, Liao Lao often laughed at himself to relieve boredom: "I was originally a nobody, and what Lin Biao and the Gang of Four did made me' world famous'."
Once he and Wu Han were dragged to a mining area for criticism. He saw haing s ngor pull a long face and hang his head. To solve their troubles, he whispered to Wu Hao, "We have all become famous actors. When the four famous actors appeared, many people did not see us singing in Beijing. " Wu Han cheered and asked, "What are we going to sing?" Liao Lao said: "We sang" Bend over with five meals ". As a historian, Wu Han certainly knew the story that Tao Yuanming didn't bend over for five buckets of rice, and the two of them smiled knowingly. After the criticism meeting, Liao Lao proposed to go back after eating, and said humorously: "If we don't have enough to eat, you won't have a' living target'. "On the return train, Liao Lao wrote a poem" Mocking Wu Han and Self-mockery "in meditation:" Scholars are complacent and trap themselves. Today, scholars love to bend over. Twist your arms and bury your head in the jet dance, and you are full of competition. "
Later, when he worked in Fangshan Forest Farm in Jiangxi, he often amused himself. He bought some oranges by accident in winter. He carved orange peel into orange blossoms with his fingers or pins and put them on the table to enjoy. In the face of these unique "handicrafts", he also wrote a poem: "A green plant is given to Xiangyun, which is given to the innocent. Not afraid of cold and heat, spend the night under the secluded rock. " He has developed a calm and open-minded character, which is the basis of his health care.
The second point of Liao Lao's health preservation is to adhere to beneficial living habits. From War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression to the liberation of Beijing, he insisted on going to bed early and getting up early. Get up at 5: 30 every morning, that is, massage from the top of your head to the soles of your feet in bed, then get dressed, go to the toilet, wash your face and drink a cup of cold boiled water. Run every day in warm weather, open the doors and windows after winter and exercise in the study. The exercise program is: swing your arms, swing your legs and press your legs on the desk. Then rub the abdomen, up and down, left and right, clockwise and counterclockwise, do 180 times, and take a deep breath while rubbing. Liao Lao said that rubbing the abdomen can make the six qi tonify the valley, relieve pain, dredge collaterals, eliminate diseases and prolong life.
Liao Lao has an egg, a glass of milk and a bowl of corn porridge for breakfast. After lunch, Lao Liao went to bed as usual, scrubbed his whole body with warm water at night, and went to bed on time at night 1 1. According to the old lady Liao, this kind of regular life and eating habits, Liao Lao has always insisted on the last journey of his life.
Reading experience
Liao Mosha believes that it is undoubtedly a good thing to advocate reading more books. Many people think that reading is reading books on literature, Chinese and history. Liao Mosha thinks this view is one-sided. He advocates purposeful study and combines reading with his own work. For example, farmers need to read more books on agricultural technology and carry out scientific farming; In order to improve the management level of factories and enterprises, factory directors and managers need to pay more attention to A, B and C of modern management. In reading, he never taught himself to be more self-taught, from learning to being better at reading.
Liao Mosha likes literature books since he was a child. In the third grade of primary school, I read novels such as History of Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Water Margin. In senior high school, I not only read some classical novels such as The Scholars and A Dream of Red Mansions, but also recited a lot of classical poems, read novels by Xie Bingxin and Zhan Dabei, as well as publications such as New Novel and Novel Monthly by Shen Yanbing and Zheng Zhenduo, and got in touch with some excellent foreign literary works. 1922, when Liao Mosha 15 years old, he was admitted to Changsha Normal School founded by Xu Teli. From then on, he began to read books published by the Creation Society and the Literature Research Association, silk books compiled by Mr. Lu Xun and his own collections, and he read them word for word. At the age of 25, he published several essays in Free Talk, so he had an indissoluble bond with prose. He thinks that Mr. Lu Xun's essays are well written and combative, so he pays attention to investigation and research everywhere. Because essays are all-encompassing, the author is required to have extensive knowledge. Since then, his reading range has broken through the barriers of literature and entered the fields of astronomy, geography, society, history, politics and military affairs.
From 1936 to 1949, Liao Mosha worked as a news editor in newspapers such as Anti-Japanese War Daily, Wang Jiu Daily, Huashang Daily and Xinhua Daily. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the battle report published in the newspaper occupied the main page. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression is indispensable in all political discussions and comments. Military issues have become the theme of all articles. In order to meet the needs of the current situation, he had to undertake the task of talking and writing about the military.
Not a soldier, but writing a military paper, where to start and how to write it? Although this was forced by the situation, it also opened up a new road for his study, work and writing: in the past, he wrote whatever he read; Later, it was changed to what to write, what to read and what to learn. I used to study first and then do it. From now on, I will write and read. The first military book he read was "Strategic Issues in Anti-Japanese Guerrilla War" published by Comrade Mao Zedong in Wuhan Xinhua Daily in June. Later, I successively read Mao Zedong's On Protracted War and On the New Stage, and at the same time I read some Chinese and foreign military masterpieces: China's ancient grandson and Woods, German strategist clausewitz's On War, and ludendorff's On the War of the Whole People. After reading these books, he not only understood that "war is the continuation of politics" and that military affairs cannot be divorced from politics, but also had a clear understanding of many terms and nouns in military science, and was able to use these concepts to analyze and synthesize the war situation reflected in the newspapers at that time, explore its development law, estimate its development trend and predict its development trend, future and outcome.
This method of learning while writing is in line with materialist epistemology. In this way, during the two years from 1947 to 1949, more than 60 military papers were published in Hong Kong's "China Business Daily" and "People's Daily" bimonthly, almost once a week. Last year, in June 5438+10, Guangdong Huacheng Publishing House compiled them into a book called "On Paper" and published it.
Liao Mosha thinks that good reading methods can speed up the process of young people's self-study. "Read thousands of books and teach yourself." This is a summary of his learning experience and an encouragement to the younger generation! (Zhang Chaoyang)