1, clear water soaking: soaking can remove some contaminated pesticides, but cleaning is the basic method to remove dirt and pesticide residues on the surfaces of vegetables and fruits. Usually clean the dirty things on the surface of vegetables and fruits with clear water, and then soak them in clear water for 20-30 minutes. The use of fruit and vegetable cleaners will increase the dissolution of pesticides, so a small amount of fruit and vegetable cleaners can be added when soaking. Rinse with tap water for 2-3 times after soaking. This method is suitable for all kinds of leafy vegetables, such as spinach, broccoli, leek, lettuce, coriander, cabbage and so on.
2. Soak in alkaline water: prepare a bottle of baking soda in the kitchen. Organophosphorus pesticides are mainly used in China. Most organophosphorus pesticides will decompose and fail when exposed to alkali. Soaking in total alkaline water is an effective measure to eliminate pesticide residues. First, clean the dirt on the surface, immerse it in baking soda water (usually add 5g- 10g sodium bicarbonate to 500ml water) for about15min, and then rinse it with clean water for 3-5 times. Suitable for vegetables and fruits.
3. Soaking in salt water: Washing vegetables with 1%-3% dilute salt water can not only remove some pesticide residues, but also remove insects hidden in the roots or leaves of vegetables. Such as Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cabbage and so on. You can break these vegetables by hand before cooking and then soak them in salt water for a while. When soaking vegetables, it is best to make each side of the vegetables fully contact with salt water. Pesticide residues in vegetables will lose their function after soaking in salt water. Then, wash the vegetables several times with clear water until there is no oil on the water.
4. Peeling: There are relatively many pesticide residues on the surface of vegetables and fruits, so peeling is a simple and practical method to remove pesticide residues. In this way, pesticide residues and parasite eggs left on vegetables and fruits will be completely removed. Vegetables and fruits suitable for this method: apples, pears, apricots, zucchini, loofah, pumpkins, carrots, radishes and so on.
5. Boiling water: Pesticide residues on some vegetables can be invalidated by heating. Blanch the vegetables in boiling water 1-3 minutes, and then wash them. Pesticides on vegetables may also be ineffective. Such as spinach, lettuce, coriander, cabbage, celery, pepper, zucchini and other vegetables.
6. Soak rice water: If there is rice water for cooking at home, we can wash vegetables with rice water. Because the rice washing water is acidic, the pesticide residues on vegetables will slowly decompose and lose their function after encountering acidic rice washing water, thus removing some pesticide residues on vegetables.
7. Soak baking soda flour in water: For grapes, cherry tomatoes and other fruits, first clean the dirt on the fruit surface, then add some flour (usually 5g- 10g baking soda in 500ml water) to improve the viscosity of water, soak for about 15min, and then rinse with water for 3-5 times, which is very important for removing pesticide residues, microorganisms and pollutants.
8. Air drying: Spectral effect will decompose and destroy some pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. The pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables irradiated by sunlight are less. For fruits and vegetables that are easy to keep, it is best to keep them for a few days. Oxygen in the air and chromoenzymes in fruits and vegetables have a certain decomposition effect on pesticide residues. Suitable for Chinese cabbage, potato, cabbage, apple, etc.
9. Storage: During storage, active substances such as oxygen in the air and enzymes in vegetables react with residual pesticide residues, so that pesticide residues are oxidized and degraded, thereby reducing pesticide residues and reducing toxicity. Therefore, fruits and vegetables that are easy to store can be stored for a period of time to reduce pesticide residues. Suitable for apples, pears, melons and other non-perishable vegetables and fruits.