Kindergarten movements are basic, and children are very important to parents. As beginner parents, parents are very concerned about everything about their children, and it is not a simple matter to take care of them. Let's take a look at the actions and related materials of the kindergarten.
Kindergarten movements are basically 1, including walking, running, jumping, climbing, throwing, balancing, climbing and somersaulting.
The basic movement exercise is the exercise of walking, running, jumping, throwing, climbing and developing balance ability. One of the main contents of kindergarten physical education. The development of basic movements can make muscles exercise, improve the vitality of the body and promote the physical development and health of children.
Cultivate children's ability to locate space and time, make children's movements accurate, coordinated and expressive, and form beautiful and correct postures. The development of basic movements is also closely related to the development of children's psychological process.
Action requirements of children walking
Children's walking movements should be gradually achieved: the upper body is upright, the chest is naturally raised, the shoulder muscles are relaxed, and the eyes are looking forward; The arm swings back and forth naturally and easily, and when swinging forward, the elbow joint bends slightly; Take a positive step forward, landing your feet gently, and the stride size is appropriate and even; Full of energy and strong sense of rhythm; When walking in groups, you should learn to keep proper intervals and distances.
Requirements and games of children's walking movements at all ages
Action requirements of children running
Children's running movements should be gradually achieved: the upper body is upright and the body leans forward slightly; Take the initiative to lift forward and retreat, and gently land after applying force; Half-clenched hands, swinging naturally before and after elbow flexion; Look ahead and breathe through your nose or nose and mouth at the same time, naturally and rhythmically. When running in groups, you should learn to keep proper intervals and distances.
Requirements and games of running movements for children of all ages.
Action requirements of children's jumping
There are many kinds of children's jumping movements, no matter what kind of jumping movements, they all include four stages: preparation, take-off, flying and landing.
The preparation stage includes two ways: in situ and run-up. In-situ preparation actions are leg flexion, body forward flexion and arm backward swing; Run-up action requires relaxation and naturalness, and cannot be slowed down. There are two kinds of take-off: one-legged take-off,
The take-off leg is straightened hard, and the swing leg swings quickly in the take-off direction; When your feet take off, push your legs to the ground and swing your arms up.
Keep your body balanced during the flight and complete the assigned tasks.
There are also two forms of landing: one foot landing should continue to run a few steps forward to buffer; Bend your knees to cushion and keep balance.
Kindergarten action foundation 2 is suitable for children's sports.
1, balance car
Children who start playing: ≥2 years old
The appearance of children's balance car has won the favor of many parents. Before playing with children, you need to understand its principle.
The balance car has no pedals and is driven by children's two legs. At the beginning, children need to keep pedaling with their feet to provide power for sliding. When the speed is fast, they can close their feet and keep their balance, so they can experience sliding. When the speed slows down, they need to pedal their feet to supplement the power of sliding.
In fact, the most important test of the balance car is the balance force and the coordination of the body. However, before the age of 2, the child's physical development in this area has not yet reached the requirements. Premature use is not conducive to children's control of the balance car, but it may easily make children feel frustrated, and most balance cars have no brakes, so it is easy to be dangerous to use them to children too early.
2. Pedal scooter
Children who start playing: ≥2 years old
Pedal scooters mainly rely on children to slide on one foot to provide power, which requires high leg strength and balance ability of children. If used too early, the child may sprain.
After the child is 2 years old, not only the leg strength develops well, but also the balance ability is gradually improved, which is conducive to controlling the scooter. You can start with a three-wheeled scooter, but scooters without handles can only be played when children are over 8 years old.
3. Small bicycles
Children who started playing: ≥3 years old
Some parents are too anxious. As soon as their children learn to walk, they start to let their children ride bicycles, which can easily lead to the deformation of toddlers' leg bones. Parents are advised to ride a small bicycle with auxiliary wheels as much as possible after their children are 3 years old, and it is advisable to ride for less than 30 minutes at a time.
4. Roller skating
Children who started playing: ≥3 years old
Roller skating is a relatively fast sport, which requires a strong sense of balance, coordinated lower limb control and quick response. Once the force is improper, it is easy to cause muscle and bone damage.
Children over 3 years old already have strong brain control and good musculoskeletal system, and can perform large movements. Moreover, at this time, children are more active and have strong imitation ability, so they can try to learn roller skating. However, attention should be paid to putting on the necessary protective equipment for children and practicing in a safe and flat place.
5. Tennis
Children who start playing: ≥4 years old
Tennis is a full-body sport, which is interesting and easy to attract children's attention.
After the child is 4 years old, his sense of balance, coordination and rhythm has improved. You can start practicing children's short net, because it uses soft sponge balls, which generally won't hurt people.
But formal tennis is recommended to start learning after the child is 6 years old. Because playing tennis requires strong arm strength and wrist strength, and the ligaments of elbow joint and wrist joint are well developed, it is not suitable for children who are too young. In addition, because regular tennis is generally heavier, children over 6 years old can avoid it more flexibly.
Step 6 swim
Children who start playing: ≥5 years old
It is generally recommended that children begin to learn swimming after the age of 5. Because children's nerves and muscles are well developed during this period, they can have enough strength to learn swimming, have better physical coordination and master ventilation skills more easily. At the same time, it can also help children better understand the training instructions and adapt to unfamiliar environments and curriculum arrangements.
Before learning to swim formally, children can get close to the water and learn more about swimming safety. Because the child's temperature regulation ability is poor, try the water temperature before the child goes into the water. Generally, the water temperature is above 27℃, which is more suitable for children aged 5.
7.taekwondo and martial arts
Start playing: children around 5 years old.
Taekwondo and martial arts help to exercise children's body and willpower. Therefore, being favored by many parents, especially the parents of boys, can increase the "masculinity" of children.
The practice of Taekwondo and Wushu requires children to have a certain understanding ability and good physical flexibility, which is more suitable for children after 5 years old. During this period, the baby's attention, control, thinking ability, etc. They are all good. You can start to learn some simple martial arts moves, but you should pay attention to the fact that the amount of exercise should not be too large or too intense.
8.badminton
Children who start playing: ≥5 years old
Parents who have played badminton will have a deeper understanding that badminton is indeed a sport with a lot of exercise and a test of coordination. Not only do you need good endurance to run, jump, pick up and catch the ball, but you also need to test your body's flexibility and visual level, and watch badminton fly over the street with quick response.
These are very difficult for very young children, so it is recommended that the baby start badminton training after 5 years old.
9. Roller skating
Roller skating can exercise children's whole body muscles and their strong character. Buy a pair of roller skates and a set of protective gear for children, and ask the coach to help them train, so that children can have fun from sports.
10, running
Running is the simplest exercise, which can achieve the purpose of exercise without any equipment, and is suitable for children of any age.
1 1, ball games
Ball games are especially suitable for children. We can choose which kind of ball games according to children's age, which can make children's limbs more developed and their bodies better.
12, skipping rope
Skipping rope is also a sport suitable for children. A small rope can change different patterns in your hand, which is not only exercise, but also interesting.
Kindergarten Action Foundation 3 is suitable for children's sports.
1, taekwondo.
Let children practice taekwondo, which can effectively exercise the flexibility of the body. It can also play a role in self-protection in times of danger.
2. Basketball.
Playing basketball can exercise children's hands and feet. Moreover, basketball is a team sport, which can cultivate children's team consciousness.
3. table tennis.
Let children practice table tennis, which can cultivate their concentration and unique perspective on things.
4. Swimming.
It is necessary for children to learn to swim. First, this is a survival skill; Second, it can increase vital capacity.
5. Running.
I feel very comfortable after jogging. Children must be taught to love this sport, which will benefit them for life.
6. Push-ups.
Physical education class at school will include upper limb strength. Usually let children practice push-ups to help children increase their upper limb strength.
Six important functions of primary school students' participation in sports
1, the effect of physical exercise on bones.
Bones support the human body, protect organs, and support and incite various movements of the human body. Scientific research has proved that primary school students can strengthen their bones, promote their growth and development, and make their children's height grow rapidly by insisting on going to physical education class and taking an active part in physical exercise. Because during exercise, muscles will stretch and move closer to bones.
It is not only conducive to improving the shape and function of bones, making them thick and firm, but also conducive to the correct formation of bones such as spine, chest, pelvis and arch of foot, and can also improve the mechanical properties of bones. However, unscientific exercise can also bring bad effects to bones. Therefore, physical education teachers must guide students to exercise scientifically.
2. The influence of physical exercise on joints.
Through physical education class's study and exercise, the joint capsule, ligament and tendon are thickened and stretched, and the muscle strength and elasticity around the joint are increased. This can expand the range of joint activities, flexible and firm. For example, gymnasts and acrobats are very flexible, which fully shows the amazing role of physical exercise.
3. The effect of physical exercise on muscles.
Children's muscles are in the process of development, and the development speed of muscles in different parts of the body is also unbalanced. Persisting in physical education class's study and exercise can make obvious adaptive changes in the shape, structure, composition and function of muscles.
4. Influence on vascular system.
Physical exercise needs to consume energy, and the energy is mainly supplied by blood that transports oxygen and nutrients, which will open blood vessels, accelerate the heartbeat and accelerate blood circulation. If you persist for a long time, it is undoubtedly a good exercise for the elasticity of myocardium and blood vessels. Students who often take part in exercise.
The number of heart beats is less than that of students who don't exercise regularly, because their heart muscles are strong and strong, and they can discharge more blood with less beating to meet the needs of exercise, while students who don't exercise regularly have weak hearts and can only discharge the blood needed for exercise by beating more times.
5, the impact on breathing.
During physical exercise, the human body needs more oxygen, which requires the respiratory organs to strengthen their work. As time goes by, the respiratory muscles become stronger and the function of the respiratory system is improved. When doing strenuous exercise, their respiratory organs will not be tired because of too many breaths. It can be seen that physical exercise provides a guarantee for primary school students to adapt to strenuous exercise.
6. It can eliminate brain fatigue and improve learning efficiency.
The brain is the headquarters that directs pupils' study, life and sports. The law of brain activity is that excitement and inhibition alternate. Pupils are prone to fatigue, inattention, decreased thinking ability and decreased learning efficiency after studying for a long time. At this time, they need to rest for a while before they can regain their energy.
In addition, physical exercise can also promote human metabolism, accelerate blood circulation, increase oxygen and nutrients supplied to the brain, and discharge wastes from the body, which not only improves the working conditions of the brain, but also enables the brain to work more efficiently and improve the learning efficiency of primary school students.