Topic of Copenhagen Climate Conference: Reaching a global emission reduction agreement from 20 12 to 2020.

Copenhagen climate conference cycle: two weeks

Participating countries in Copenhagen Climate Conference: 192 World leaders.

2009 Copenhagen Climate Conference Venue: Copenhagen, Denmark

The following are the attitudes of countries in Copenhagen:

● China: On September 22nd, Hu Jintao delivered a speech entitled "Working Together to Meet the Challenge of Climate Change" at the opening ceremony of the United Nations Climate Change Summit, saying that China will strive to significantly reduce its carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 2020 compared with that in 2005, and at the same time vigorously develop renewable energy and nuclear energy, so as to make non-fossil energy account for about 15% of primary energy consumption by 2020.

● The United States: Adhere to the attitude under the background of Kyoto Protocol, hope to push the developing countries forward and backward, and emphasize "* * * shared responsibility". The conservative forces in the United States have always tied the United States' emission reduction with China's emission reduction responsibility. After Obama was elected, he announced that he would restore greenhouse gas emissions to the level of 1990 by 2020.

● EU: The EU is undoubtedly the most active promoter and leader of climate change negotiations. EU leaders agreed on "the details of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 20% on the basis of 1990 by 2020".

● Australia: At present, Australia is trying to implement a "planned way", in which countries propose their own emission targets and emission reduction policies (such as carbon trading). Then, in due course, countries should report on their progress in achieving these goals.

● India: India's current greenhouse gas emissions account for about 5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. India strongly disagrees with setting specific emission reduction targets in Copenhagen negotiations, and says it will unite with China to resist the pressure from developed countries led by the United States.

United States:

"high profile, low commitment"

At present, although a few experts doubt that "global warming" is exaggerated, the international community's cognition of the harm caused by climate change is consistent. Previously, because the United States, the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, was outside the Kyoto Protocol, the global greenhouse gas emission reduction action had been in an uncertain state.

Faced with the pressure from the international community, after the Obama administration took office, it was proposed that the United States should actively respond to climate change. In June this year, the U.S. House of Representatives proposed a plan to reduce emissions by 17% by 2020 on the basis of 2005. Recently, Obama recently made a commitment to reduce 17% greenhouse gas emissions in the United States according to the plan of the House of Representatives. This goal seems high, but if the base year is 1990, it will actually only reduce emissions by 4%. Although Obama's latest commitment to reduce emissions is a positive gesture, it is still far below the expectations of developing countries.

According to the analysis, Obama's "high-profile, low-commitment" approach is obviously evading his due responsibility for reducing emissions, and he still lacks sincerity, which is not conducive to the substantive results of this climate change conference. To this end, some environmental organizations criticized the United States for only doing "oral articles." In addition, there is still uncertainty about whether Obama's promise can be fulfilled-the US Senate will discuss similar bills next year, and there are many variables in the consideration of relevant emission reduction proposals.

EU:

Actively seize the "commanding heights"

According to American media reports, negotiators attending the Copenhagen Climate Conference privately said that they had no hope of reaching a legally binding agreement at the conference, and the most likely outcome of the conference was to continue to call global attention to climate change and issue a non-binding "grand declaration". In 20 10, there will be two international climate conferences around the world, when the international community may further refine the package of solutions to climate change.

Although it is difficult to reach an agreement on emission reduction at the global government level, it has not affected the leading role of the EU in greenhouse gas emission reduction. The European Union, which has always paid attention to environmental protection, is trying to seize the opportunity by saving energy and reducing emissions and further seize the "commanding heights" of new economic development. 165438+1October 23rd, the EU made clear its negotiating position: the EU will further increase the emission reduction range from 20% to 30% by 2020, but the EU's precondition is that it will only make a commitment to increase emission reduction if other world powers sign similar action plans.

Japan and Russia provide conditions for emission reduction.

For example, as early as September, when Yukio Hatoyama, the new Japanese Prime Minister, was elected, he promised to reduce emissions by 25% in the middle of 2020, but he set an impossible premise: all major emitters should reduce emissions, trying to include developing countries without emission reduction obligations, which blurred the responsibilities of developed and developing countries. 1 181October 18, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev issued the latest statement on emission reduction, promising to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 25% on the basis of 1990 by 2020, but the prerequisite for the commitment is that other countries make commitments of the same reduction range.