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Main techniques of health massage
Push the massage part with your hand or palm, and push it straight in one direction. Light massage has the functions of calming, relieving pain and discomfort. Used between the start and end of massage and other operations. Re-tuina has the functions of dredging channels and collaterals, regulating tendons and restoring, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, relieving spasm, and accelerating venous blood and lymphatic reflux, which can be used in different stages of massage.

(1) method and steps

1. Massage the area with your fingers or palm.

2. According to the size of the thrust, it can be divided into light push method and heavy push method. After selecting the strength, push it straight in one direction. Generally push 3 ~ 5 times.

(2) Action essentials

1, the pressure used by the nudging method is light; The re-extrapolation method uses more pressure. When doing the full palm push, the four fingers are close together and the thumb is separated, which requires the force of the palm root and the tiger's mouth is slightly lifted. If necessary, the other palm can be pressed on the back of the hand, and both hands can be pressed down at the same time to push forward along the lymphatic flow direction.

2. Fingers, palms and other parts should be close to the skin, and the force should be steady, and the speed of propulsion should be slow and even, but don't use too much force to avoid damaging the skin. Use different parts of the hand to exert force, cling to the skin, and do straight-line friction back and forth for rubbing. It has the effects of warming channels and dredging collaterals, promoting qi circulation and blood circulation, calming and relieving pain, raising skin temperature and enhancing the flexibility of joint ligaments. At the beginning and end of massage, gentle massage is often used to relieve pain or discomfort. The re-rubbing method is often used between other technologies.

(1) method and steps

1. Apply force to skin with palm, thenar, thenar or root of palm.

2, according to the size of the strength, choose light and heavy techniques to do straight back and forth.

(2) Action essentials

1, when operating, the wrist joint should be straightened, so that the forearm and hand are close to the level, and the shoulder joint should be used as the fulcrum to drive the palm to rub straight back and forth, and it should not be skewed.

2. The downward pressure of the massager's palm should be even and moderate, and it is advisable not to wrinkle the skin when rubbing.

3. The rubbing method is generally faster, the rubbing distance is longer, and the movement should be uniform and coherent, but it is not suitable for rubbing for a long time, and the local skin is congested and flushed to prevent skin damage. Use different parts of the hand, concentrate on a certain part, make a circular or spiral kneading movement, so as to drive the subcutaneous tissue there to slide with the kneading movement of fingers or palms, that is, kneading; . It has the effects of accelerating blood circulation, improving local tissue metabolism, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, relieving spasm, softening scar, relieving strong artificial stimulation and relieving pain. Knead the palm or the root of the palm, mostly used in the back and muscle hypertrophy. Thumb rubbing is mostly used for joints and tendons. Friction between thumb and middle finger is a common method of acupoint massage.

(1) method and steps

1. Apply force to skin with palm, palm root, thenar, thenar, thumb or four fingers.

2. Make a circular or spiral kneading motion to drive the subcutaneous tissue to slide with the kneading motion of fingers or palms.

(2) Action essentials

When rubbing, fingers or palms should be close to the skin, do not rub on the skin, relax the wrist, and make a small swing with the wrist joint, forearm or the whole arm, and do not involve the surrounding skin too much. Holding the massaged part with both hands, relatively hard, in the opposite direction, and rubbing it back and forth quickly is the rubbing method. It has the functions of dredging channels and collaterals, regulating qi and blood, relaxing tissues, relieving spasm, accelerating fatigue and improving muscle working ability. It is suitable for the back, hypochondriacs and limbs, especially the upper limbs, shoulders and knees, and is often used in the later stage of each massage.

(1) method and steps

1. Put your hands on your limbs in a grip, and hold the massage part.

2, relatively hard, in the opposite direction, quickly rubbing back and forth, while moving up and down.

(2) Action essentials

1, when operating, the hands should be symmetrical, the movements should be gentle and even, the rubbing should be fast and the movement should be slow.

2. Friction with high pressure, fast frequency and short duration before exercise can improve the working ability of muscles; After exercise, if you use rubbing with low pressure, slow frequency and long duration, you can accelerate the elimination of muscle fatigue. Use your fingers, palms, elbows or other parts of limbs to press the massage parts or acupoints with force gradually from light to heavy, stay for a period of time (about 30s), and then slowly relax from heavy to light. Has the effects of relaxing muscles, relieving fatigue, promoting blood circulation to relieve pain, and shaping and restoring. Thumb pressing is suitable for meridian points, and it is often combined with thumb kneading to form a "pressing and kneading" composite technique in clinic to improve the massage effect and relieve the discomfort after pressing hard. Palm pressure is mostly used for stiffness or tightness of muscles in the back, shoulders and limbs, and also for joints, such as wrists and ankles. Pressing acupoints with fingertips, elbows and heels is a common method of acupoint massage.

(1) method and steps

1. Apply force to the skin with fingers, palms, elbows or other parts of limbs.

2. From light to heavy, gradually press the massage parts or acupoints hard, stop for a minute, and then slowly relax from heavy to light.

3. Finger pressing and palm pressing are the two most commonly used pressing methods. Thumb or forefinger, middle finger and ring finger forcibly press a certain part or acupoint on the body surface, which is called shiatsu. Pressing a part of the body surface with one or two palms, or overlapping the roots of palms or two palms, is called palm pressure.

(2) Action essentials

1, the hard part should be close to the body surface, and the direction of force should be perpendicular to the body surface during operation, from light to heavy, smooth and continuous, so that the force can reach the deep part of the tissue.

2, the thumb should be accurate, and the force should be based on the patient's feeling of acid, swelling, heat and numbness. Use the finger surface or palm surface of the index finger, middle finger and ring finger to apply force to the massage part. The method of massage is to do gentle and rhythmic circular touching activities on the wrist and forearm. It has the effects of regulating middle energizer, regulating qi, promoting digestion, regulating gastrointestinal peristalsis, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, tranquilizing mind, relieving spasm and relieving pain. The stimulation is mild, soothing and comfortable, and is often used at the beginning of massage to relieve pain or discomfort; Often combined with kneading, pushing, pressing and other methods to treat epigastric pain, indigestion, dysmenorrhea and other symptoms.

(1) method and steps

1, save effort with index finger, middle finger and ring finger, and stick it on the massage part.

2. Elbow joint slightly flexes, wrist joint relaxes, metacarpal joint naturally straightens, and is gently placed on the body surface; Wrist and forearm should make gentle and coordinated circular motion on the skin.

(2) Action essentials

1, which can be operated continuously in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

2. The frequency per minute is about 120 times.

3. Don't use too much force. The technique of slapping the body surface with the ruler side of the palm or hand is called slapping. There are three commonly used techniques: pat, pat and cut. They all have the functions of promoting blood circulation, stretching tendons, eliminating fatigue and regulating neuromuscular excitability. It is mostly used in muscle hypertrophy parts such as shoulders, hips and limbs. After exercise, slow slapping and tapping are often used to accelerate the elimination of fatigue; Clipping with greater intensity, faster frequency and shorter duration. , often used to improve neuromuscular excitability before exercise. Tapping with one or more fingers is a common method of acupoint massage.

(1) method and steps

1. When clapping, the hands are half clenched or the five fingers are close together, the thumb is straight, and the knuckles of the other four fingers are bent into hollow palms with the palms facing down. When knocking at the door, hold your empty fist with your feet down. You can also tap a part with five fingers or three fingers or the tip of one finger. When you cut, your fingers should be straight, your fingers should be close together, and your feet should face down.

2. Beat your hands alternately up and down rhythmically.

(2) Action essentials

1. When flapping, you should relax your shoulders, elbows and wrists, and use your wrists to exert strength, focusing on lightness, flexibility, coordination and even frequency.

2. When tapping and cutting, use force with elbow as fulcrum. Shoulders, elbows and wrists should be relaxed when flapping; When cutting, the shoulders, elbows and wrists are tense, and the force reaches the deep tissue. Actions should be coordinated, sustained and flexible. There are two methods: limb jitter and muscle jitter. Limb shaking method, hold the distal end of the limb with both hands or one hand, and shake it up and down with a small amount of continuous force. In the muscle shaking method, the muscle is gently grasped by hand and shaken quickly for a short time. Has the functions of relaxing tendons and activating collaterals, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals and lubricating joints. It is often used in muscle hypertrophy and joints of limbs, and it is also often used to eliminate muscle fatigue after exercise. It's a final massage.

(1) method and steps

There are two methods: limb jitter and muscle jitter.

1. When using the limb shaking method, hold the distal end of the limb with both hands or one hand, and make continuous small-amplitude rapid shaking with slight strength (the upper limb can shake up and down, left and right, and the lower limb can generally shake up and down).

2. When using the muscle shaking method, gently grasp the muscles with your hands and shake them quickly for a short time.

(2) Action essentials

The action should be continuous and even, and the frequency should be from slow to fast, and then from fast to slow; The amplitude of jitter should be small, the frequency should be fast, and the intensity should not be too great. Hold the distal limb of the joint of the massaged person with one hand, and hold the proximal limb of the joint with the other hand, and do passive movement within the physiological range of the joint, with the manipulation of pulling method. It has the functions of lubricating joints, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals, promoting blood circulation, preventing or loosening joint adhesion, improving joint movement function and correcting micro-anatomical position changes at small joints. Suitable for limbs and neck and waist joints. Often used in the later stage of massage, it can improve the range of joint activity and eliminate fatigue and soreness such as unfavorable joint flexion and extension.

(1) method and steps

1. The masseur holds the distal joint limb with one hand and the proximal joint limb with the other.

2. Do passive exercise within the range of joint physiological activities.

3. There are commonly used methods to pull shoulders, elbows, wrists, hips, knees, ankles and other joints.

(1) Shoulder traction method: The masseur holds the wrist or elbow with one hand and presses the other hand over the shoulder, and then makes the shoulder joint abduction, adduction, rotation, rotation.

(2) Elbow Manipulation: The masseur holds the distal forearm with one hand, gently holds the elbow with the other hand, and then bends the elbow to rotate.

(3) Wrist joint traction: The masseur holds the upper part of the wrist joint with one hand and the middle part of the palm with the other hand, and then makes the wrist joint flex, extend, adducte, abduct and rotate.

(4) Hip traction method: The massaged person takes the supine position, and the hip and knee are flexed. The masseur holds the calf with one hand and the knee with the other, and then bends, stretches, abducts, adducts and rotates the hip joint.

(5) Knee traction: The massaged person takes the supine position. Massager-Hold the ankle with one hand, press the knee joint with the other hand, and then let the knee joint do flexion and extension, internal rotation and external rotation.

(6) Ankle traction: the massaged person takes a sitting position or a supine position. The masseur holds the calf or heel with one hand and the forefoot with the other, and then performs ankle flexion and extension, adduction, abduction and rotation.

(2) Action essentials

1, when pulling, relax your movements and use force steadily; The range of activities should be within the range of physiological activities from small to large.

2. When doing circular motion, you can do it clockwise or counterclockwise. Using the thumb of one hand or the thumb of both hands to exert force on the food and middle finger, or the thumb and the other four fingers to exert force relatively, to massage some acupoints or parts rhythmically is the grip method. It has the effects of dredging channels and collaterals, relieving exterior sweating, calming and relieving pain, inducing resuscitation and relieving spasm. Mainly used for neck, shoulders and limbs. Clinically, Fengchi point and points on both sides of neck are commonly used to treat exogenous headache. It is also used to refresh the spirit during exercise and is a common method of acupoint massage.

(1) method and steps

1. Use the thumb of one hand or both hands to exert force with the first and second fingers, or use the thumb to exert force with the other four fingers.

2. Exert relatively hard and lift rhythmically at some acupoints or parts.

(2) Action essentials

1, when operating, the shoulders and arms are relaxed, the wrists are flexible, the wrist joints and metacarpophalangeal joints are the main activities, and the fingers are lifted relatively hard.

2, the force should be from light to heavy, and then from heavy to light.

3. Holding method has high stimulation intensity, short holding duration and fewer times. After taking it, it should be gently rubbed to reduce the discomfort caused by strong stimulation. Stick the back of your hand near the little finger or the protrusion of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the little finger, ring finger and middle finger on a certain part. Through the compound movement of wrist flexion and extension and forearm rotation, it continuously acts on the massaged part, which is the rolling method. Has the effects of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, relieving swelling and pain, relieving muscle spasm, enhancing muscle flexibility and ligament flexibility, promoting blood circulation, and relieving muscle fatigue. This method has high pressure and wide contact area, and is suitable for areas with thick muscles such as shoulders, backs, lumbosacral parts and limbs. It is often used to treat sports injuries and eliminate muscle fatigue.

(1) method and steps

1. Use the protuberant parts of the metacarpophalangeal joints of the little finger, ring finger and middle finger to exert force on the skin on the back of the finger.

2. Through the compound movement of wrist flexion and extension and forearm rotation, it continuously acts on the massage part.

(2) Action essentials

1, the shoulders, arms and wrists should be relaxed, and the elbow joint should be slightly flexed by about 120, that is, the wrist joint should be flexed. When supination, the forearm should be rolled outward by about 80, and the wrist joint should be extended. When pronation, the forearm should be rolled inward by about 40.

2, the force should be uniform, the movement should be coordinated and rhythmic, and the general rolling frequency is about 140 times per minute. Thumb flexion, using nails (or coins, spoons, etc.). Instead, scraping the lesion in one direction at a uniform speed is the scraping method. Release adhesion and remove blood stasis.

He is good at nutrition metabolism of diseased parts and promotes the repair of damaged tissues. It is often used to treat patellar tendinopathy.

(1) method and steps

1, thumb flexion, with nails (coins, spoons, etc. can be used instead. ) to pay attention to the lesion.

2. Bend your thumb and scrape it evenly in one direction.

(2) Action essentials

1, scraping force should be uniform.

2. Dip some water when scraping, so as not to damage the skin. Use the tip of the thumb or the edge of the nail to select certain parts or acupoints, and press vertically downward with continuous or intermittent force as the kneading method. It has the effects of relieving swelling, preventing adhesion, inducing resuscitation, relieving spasm, promoting qi circulation and dredging collaterals, and is suitable for eliminating local swelling. Commonly used in first aid, it is a common method of acupoint massage.

(1) method and steps

1, use the tip of your thumb to select certain parts or acupoints.

2. Press down vertically with continuous or intermittent force.

(2) Action essentials

1, move slowly, not too hard.

2. When needling acupoints, keep your thumb straight and hold an empty fist, close to the radial edge of your index finger. Use thumb or nail tip (pointer) to exert force on acupoints, and gradually increase the strength to cause "getting angry". After kneading, gently rub the part to relieve discomfort.

3, when used in first aid, the technique should be heavy and fast, but to prevent nails from piercing the skin. Elastic tendon method (elastic tendon method) The technique of accelerating and relaxing muscles or tendons with thumb and forefinger, middle finger or thumb is elastic tendon method. It has the functions of relaxing muscles and tendons, activating collaterals, dredging qi and blood, relieving spasm and relieving pain, and has a strong stimulating effect on local nerves. It is generally used to treat muscle soreness and muscle spasm.

(1) method and steps

1. Hold muscles or tendons with thumb and forefinger, middle finger or thumb and four other fingers.

2, like a carpenter playing chalk line, pinch the muscles and speed up the release.

(2) Action essentials

1, exert force with your fingertips, and don't pinch it forcibly with your fingertips.

2, the force should be from light to heavy, combining rigidity with softness. You can lift L ~ 3 times each time, and then gently knead it to reduce the discomfort caused by lifting the bomb. Pulling method (tendon separation, tendon traction) is a method of pressing the thumb tips of both hands on a certain part and pulling them back and forth perpendicular to ligament or muscle fiber with appropriate strength. Has the effects of separating adhesion, relieving swelling, resolving hard mass, relieving spasm and relieving pain. It is usually used to treat chronic injuries of muscles, tendons and ligaments. The combination of poking and rubbing, that is, the combination of poking and rubbing, is a commonly used acupoint massage method.

(1) method and steps

1, press a part with the fingertips of both thumbs or one thumb.

2. Properly pull back and forth perpendicular to ligament or muscle fiber.

(2) Action essentials

When operating, the thumb end should be deeply pressed on one side of the ligament or muscle tendon, and then pulled perpendicular to the ligament and muscle fiber, just like plucking a string. You can also move the hair plucking along one end of the tendon to the other end in turn, so that local soreness can be tolerated. Tendon-regulating method (tendon-regulating method) Press the injured part with the thumb pulp and move slowly along the direction of muscle fiber, ligament or nerve, which is called tendon-regulating method. It has the function of harmonizing qi and blood and returning to normal position along tendons. It is often used to treat acute closed soft tissue injury.

(1) method and steps

1, press the injured part with the thumb pulp.

2. Move slowly along the direction of muscle fibers, ligaments or nerves to smooth their muscles.

(2) Action essentials

1. Relax the injured part as much as possible during the operation, fix the healthy side end of the injured part with one thumb pulp, and repeat it several times with the other thumb pulp along the direction of ligament, muscle fiber and nerve, or from the upper end to the lower end of the injured part;

2, the force must be uniform and continuous, and the movements of the fingertips must be slow. 1, pinching a part with thumb, eating second finger or thumb, eating second finger and middle finger is called pinching.

2, the strength is light, suitable for superficial skin tissue.

3. Applying kneading method to spine is called "acupressure therapy of spine". It is long for children and can be used to treat dyspepsia. 1, the hands are in the same direction or in the opposite direction, so that the joints extend or rotate, which is called traction method.

2. Clinically, it is often used to treat limb joint dysfunction and spinal joint dislocation.

3, often: cervical traction, lumbar traction, shoulder traction (adduction, lifting), 1, Rafah is a traction and stretching method, so it is also called traction or stretching method.

2. This method is widely used in orthopedics and traumatology of traditional Chinese medicine.

3. When applying, the action should be smooth and continuous, and sudden exertion is not allowed; According to different parts and conditions, the strength and direction of traction and stretching should be properly controlled.

4, often: cervical spine stretching method, shoulder joint stretching method, wrist joint stretching method, finger joint stretching method.