According to A Shuizhu, a water mirror, "There is a green ridge in the southwest of Xinjiang, with high mountains and green onions on it, so the day is a green ridge". According to "The Whole Tang Poetry", during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, there was a dance music named "Step Girl with Green Onions" in the palace, which sang the content of "Go back to your hometown to be a Tang man". "Because the underground stem of this onion is edible and its skin is light yellow like jade, it is also called" Jade Onion ". Because of the growth of green onion, it was later spread to India, Afghanistan, Greece, Rome and other countries. After spreading to Japan, it was named onion by Japanese botanists. During this period, jade onions also spread from the frontier to the mainland. Influenced by Japanese, China is also called Jade Onion.
Foreigners can't put it down. Onions are called "the queen of vegetables" by Europeans. The Frenchman said, "Onions bring color charm to official dishes. Without them, the most delicious food tastes like chewing wax, which makes the joyful banquet full of depression. " The German said, "If you don't eat onions for a day, you will be in a bad mood for a day." More interestingly, during the American Civil War, Pelant, commander-in-chief of the Northern Expedition Army, said to the War Department urgently, "Without onions, I can't mobilize the army." The next day, the war department sent three trains of onions to save the army from the danger of dysentery. Now American onion production ranks first in the world. This shows the important position of onion in the daily life of the world.
Onions are not only delicious vegetables, but also rare medicinal materials. In China, onions were originally used as medicinal materials. It is considered that it is warm, pungent and non-toxic, can detoxify and kill insects, treat sores and reduce swelling, and is most suitable for abdominal cold pain. Compendium of Materia Medica records that "onion can make baldness grow, cure spasms and mad dog bites, prevent colds, make the face clean and beautiful, eliminate arthritis, relieve high blood pressure and help digestion". According to traditional medicine, onion is warm and pungent, which has the functions of warming lung and resolving phlegm, warming stomach and promoting digestion, regulating qi, detoxifying and killing insects, treating sores and swelling, lowering blood pressure and lowering blood fat, and is suitable for abdominal pain, ascaris lumbricoides, rheumatoid arthritis, beriberi swelling and pain, skin ulcer, dysentery, whooping cough, insomnia and trichomonal vaginitis. In addition, it also has certain therapeutic or adjuvant therapeutic effects on hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, coronary heart disease, cerebral thrombosis, atrophic gastritis, atherosclerosis and other diseases.
According to the analysis of modern nutrition, besides protein, crude fiber and sugar, onion is also rich in vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron and selenium, as well as amino acids, caffeic acid, citric acid, quercetin and sulfide. In addition, it also contains prostaglandin and active ingredients that activate fibrinolysis. British scientists have confirmed that onions have an amazing effect on the treatment of inflammatory wounds and intractable skin ulcers in the elderly. In Japan, onion has become a healthy vegetable for the elderly to eat. It is said that the elderly eat 1 onion every day, which can prevent and cure diseases and prolong life.
Modern clinical medical research has found that onion has the following pharmacological effects.
Treating hypertension and preventing thrombosis The European and American medical circles found that onion can be used as a raw material for treating hypertension, because it contains a special substance-allyl disulfide and a small amount of sulfur-containing amino acids, which has a lipid-lowering effect. These substances are glycoconjugates, which not only reduce blood lipid, but also have the efficacy of sterilization and anti-atherosclerosis, which can protect arterial blood vessels, obviously reduce atherosclerotic plaques and prevent thrombosis. Onion contains active ingredients that can activate fibrinolysis, which has a strong vasodilation function, can reduce the resistance of peripheral blood vessels and coronary arteries, improve coronary circulation, and also has the pressor effect of antagonizing catecholamine in antibodies, thus stabilizing blood pressure. American biochemists determined that onion in 1 culture medium contains about 0. 25mg of prostaglandin A. Prostaglandin A is a strong vasodilator, which can increase renal blood flow and urine volume, promote sodium and potassium excretion, and help lower blood pressure.
Onion for treating diabetes contains butyric acid, which can obviously reduce blood sugar content and promote cells to make better use of sugar. Some scholars have experimented that feeding onion juice to diabetic rabbits significantly reduced blood sugar. Indian scientists believe that the function of onion extract is to help cells improve the utilization rate of sugar, thus reducing blood sugar.
Dr Daniel Corey of Ohio State University found that onion contains trace element selenium, which is an anticancer substance. Selenium can stimulate human immune response and the accumulation of cyclic adenylate, and inhibit the division and growth of cancer cells. Selenium is also a strong oxidant, which can remove all kinds of free radicals produced in the body, including cancer-causing free radicals. At the same time, selenium can generate a chemical called glutathione in human body, which can inhibit the activity of carcinogens and play a role in detoxification. With the increase of glutathione content, the incidence of cancer decreased.
Beauty function Onion contains furuncle-resistant vitamins, which can promote the absorption of oxygen in blood by epidermal cells, promote the formation of interstitial cells, and enhance the ability to repair damaged cells, thus making the skin clean and healthy. There are also reports that some people throw onions at their faces. Wash off with clean water after 5 ~ 10 minutes, which can usually eliminate facial pigment, reduce freckles and chloasma and make skin smooth. When people comb their hair, dandruff falls like snow, which is neither hygienic nor elegant. If the mashed onion is wrapped in gauze, the whole head is gently rubbed repeatedly to make the onion juice penetrate into the skin, and the hair is washed the next day, which is better for dandruff.
Anti-aging and weight loss face prone to wrinkles and premature aging, the remedy is to eat more onions. The anti-aging substances contained in onion can effectively delay the aging process of cells and prolong their life. Onion is a low-fat and low-calorie food, which is very suitable for obese people. According to clinical observation, eating onions often can achieve the effect of losing weight.
Treating colds Onions have a special pungent smell, which can excite nerves and treat colds. The method is to cut the onion in half and put it on both sides of the patient's head. Using its special smell, you can alleviate the symptoms of a cold. If the nasal congestion or nasal congestion is clear, smell it directly under the nose, which can clear the nasal congestion and get immediate results.
Onions cooked or eaten raw have a good therapeutic effect on gastrointestinal diseases such as bleeding, diarrhea, gout, scurvy and pharyngitis. Onions can also resolve phlegm, sweat and make people excited, and can also be used as an antidote to tobacco (nicotine) poisoning.
This paper introduces several kinds of onion dietotherapy medicated diets and their self-made methods:
Onion syrup: Mash onion, soak it in warm water for 2 hours, add sugar to the juice to make onion syrup, and take it 3-4 times a day, each time 10- 15ml. This prescription has the effect of sterilization and stopping dysentery, and is suitable for enteritis, diarrhea and bacillary dysentery.
Onion puree: 30g onion, chopped and mashed, vegetable oil 15g, stir-fried in medium fire (without salt water) and mashed into puree, and taken on an empty stomach every morning. 1 times 15g, take it for 3 days, and then take it 2 hours after taking it. This prescription is effective for ascaris lumbricoides in children.
Stir-fried onion: onion 120g, cut into filaments, stir-fry with proper amount of cooking oil, then stir-fry shredded onion, add salt, soy sauce, a little vinegar and sugar, and stir-fry evenly. This recipe has the effects of invigorating stomach, regulating qi, lowering blood pressure and reducing blood lipid. Often eaten with meals, it can prevent and treat gastrointestinal diseases, hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
Slipping onions: 500g or appropriate amount of onions, cut into 2 ~ 6 petals, put them in a pickle jar, soak for 2-4 days (soaked in hot weather 1-2 days), and eat them when they are sweet, sour and slightly spicy. This recipe is good at invigorating stomach, promoting digestion and increasing gastric acid. It is suitable for patients with dyspepsia, reduced diet or insufficient gastric acid.
Onion glutinous rice porridge: Regarding the glutinous rice lOOg, put the porridge into the pot, add the onion and cook it slightly when it is almost cooked, and eat it while it is hot. This can treat cold, nasal congestion, fetal movement during pregnancy, postpartum blood halo and other symptoms.
Scallion and black bean soup: black beans 15g, add a bowl of water to decoct10min, then add 30g of washed onion, continue to decoct for10min, and finally add 50ml of yellow wine, and boil it while it is hot. This side has the function of resolving exterior and interior. It is suitable for common cold, fever, headache, anhidrosis, fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhea.
Onion and jujube soup: Wash 20 jujubes and 20g shallots, put them into the pot together, add appropriate amount of water and fry for 20 minutes, and eat jujube and drink soup. This prescription has the effect of calming the nerves and benefiting qi. Can be used for treating neurasthenia, physical weakness after illness, chest distress, insomnia, dreaminess, and hypomnesis.
It is worth mentioning that although onion is a good dietotherapy product, it can be used as a vegetable and medicine, but it has a wide range of medical value. However, because of its pungent taste, it is easy to consume gas and hurt body fluids, and the heat turns to dampness, so those with deficiency cold and excessive phlegm and dampness should not eat more. Eating too much will flatulence and give off an unpleasant smell, so don't eat too much. In addition, cutting onions will give off a strong irritating gas, which will make people unable to open their eyes and even shed tears. This phenomenon can be avoided if onions are soaked in water and then cut.