"Top Scholar Hou"-this is the position tailored by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty for Huo Qubing. "Champion" means "victory of the whole army".
For a long time, the number one scholar only refers to Huo Qubing. Wu Yun, a poet in the Southern Dynasties, wrote in "The Year of General in Border Town": "It's time for you to start raising money to vote for Huo Zhuangyuan."
Huo Qubing deserved it. He is not a champion. who is it? The record that he was awarded the title of "Champion Hou" was his first battle with Xiongnu.
Before the start of this campaign, he was a small infantryman who attacked the Huns in the south of the desert with his uncle Wei Qing, and Wei Qing gave him 800 warriors. The battlefield is vast and the Han soldiers are unfamiliar. At that time, there was no navigation, no cell phone or anything. When the battle began, the troops dispersed.
Huo Qubing has 800 warriors around him, so he won't suffer too much when he meets the enemy. However, Huo Qubing made an unexpected choice: he asked the troops to set out light, throw the large troops hundreds of miles at a time, and actively look for the enemy. They are like hungry tigers, skimming over deserts, grasslands and barren land at an alarming speed, looking for enemies.
You know, 800 people went deep into Xiongnu territory. This is a military taboo, but under the command of Huo Qubing, it became a blitzkrieg.
It was a comprehensive test of both sides' judgment, fighting capacity, willpower and imagination, and Huo Qubing won. He found a camp of the Huns, and he was in charge of a dark camp and a dense crowd. After the killing, the enemy was in chaos, some resisted and some broke up.
According to historical records, it is "excessive preemption", which means that the enemy loses more than himself. In fact, the result is: 2028 people were killed. And killed some of the other party's bosses, including Guo Xiang-level officials and grandparents' relatives under Hun Khan, and captured Khan's uncle alive. This is definitely an amazing victory.
Not everyone can win. In this battle, some people got nothing, while others were defeated. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty described heroes with meritorious military service, with distinct rewards and punishments. Wei Qing didn't win the prize this time, but Huo Qubing won the title of top scholar.
This year, Huo Qubing 17 years old. Today, this is a little boy who is fighting acne.
Next, Huo Qubing continued to lead the troops against Xiongnu, and achieved even more amazing victories, the most classic of which was the Battle of Mobei.
This year, Huo Qubing was 22 years old, led 50,000 cavalry, marched more than 2,000 miles north, engaged with the left part of Xiongnu, annihilated 70,400 enemy troops, captured three Huns including Tuntou Wang and Wang Han alive, 83 generals, Guo Xiang, the head of the family, and a surname, and chased them to Xushan, where a ceremony of offering sacrifices to heaven was held. This is a decisive victory. Since then, "Huns are far away, but there is no Wang Ting in the desert south".
It is not a compliment to say that Huo Qubing is a god of war. Huo Qubing fought bravely and decisively, and was good at blitzkrieg, long-distance raids, Israeli army battles and circuitous operations outside the Great Wall. Huns have never lost in six wars.
His characteristic is to enter the life of Xiongnu with thunderous momentum, pay attention to killing enemy leaders and effective forces, and also attach importance to appointing soldiers from Xiongnu. So other generals either lost or ran out of food, but Huo Qubing's troops were able to meet the military needs of the enemy's active areas and accurately captured fighters, which was a bolt from the blue.
The Battle of Mobei was also the longest attack on Huns in Han Dynasty. Xin Qiji's words in the Southern Song Dynasty said that "Yuan Jia had no intention, sealed the wolf in a professional position, and won the panic", which is the allusion used. Sealing Wolf House is the highest honor of ancient soldiers in China. Unfortunately, "Yuanjia" is not a strong man, and there is no Huo Qubing in the world.
Nine years after Huo Qubing "closed the wolf house", Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ascended Mount Tai to worship heaven. This is the highest ceremony of ancient emperors, and only when the dynasty changes, the country changes hands, or after a long period of chaos, the world is peaceful and the world can be Zen, and Gan's great achievements can be reported to the world, and at the same time, he can accept the destiny to govern the world.
The history of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, dressed in yellow, bowed in solemn music. In order to commemorate this Zen ceremony, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also changed the year number to Yuanfeng.
When he bowed down and saluted, he must have thought of Huo Qubing. He made great contributions to defeating the Huns. Without Huo Qubing, how could there be him? At this time, Huo Qubing has been dead for seven years, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty specially brought Huoshan, the son of Huo Qubing, to Mount Tai.
Huo Qubing's historical contribution is actually underestimated.
His uncle Wei Qing is also a general who has never been abroad. Before going to the battlefield, Huo Qubing had led the troops to recover the "Henan Land" and restored the boundary line of the Han Dynasty to the yinshan mountains. This is the northern border in the heyday of the Qin Dynasty.
Qin Shihuang is a tough guy with a lot of cattle, but for Huns, most of the time he can only take the defensive. He ordered Meng Tian to lead 300,000 Qin Jun northward to attack the Huns. After the Hetao was blocked, he began to build the Great Wall.
Meng Tian was a "infrastructure fanatic" in the Qin Dynasty. From Yuzhong along the Yellow River to Yinshan Mountain, a wall was built, connecting more than 5,000 miles of Qin, Zhao and Yan, forming a long defense line in the north.
This is a huge project. In folklore, Wan Xiliang, Meng Jiangnv's teacher, died in the process of building the Great Wall. Meng Tian has been guarding the north for more than ten years, and the Huns are too scared to do it again.
However, after the demise of the Qin Dynasty, the world was in chaos, and the Huns waited for an opportunity to go south and seize a lot of territory. Historical geographer Ge Xiongjian wrote in his masterpiece Unity and Division:
"Xiongnu occupied the area west of the Yellow River to the west, and then drove away the original Yue family in Hexi Corridor, threatening Wusun and forcing most countries in the western regions to obey its rule. It annexed all ethnic groups in East Lake and controlled both sides of Daxing 'anling today. He recovered the "Henan land" in the south and once pushed it to today's Shaanxi and northern Shanxi. "
From the map, the Huns have seriously threatened the security of the Han Dynasty. So Liu Bang, who had just captured the world, led 300,000 people to attack. As a result, in today's northwest Shanxi, it was besieged by the Xiongnu army for seven days and seven nights.
The Han Dynasty was so shocked that it had to adopt a humiliating policy of "affinity" and marry the royal women as princesses to Khan, but the Huns were not satisfied and harassed, burned and plundered constantly.
The Han Dynasty lasted for 70 years. Until the last straw of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Wei Qing and Huo Qubing were his two iron fists. First, they hit themselves in the face and stumbled back. After that, they punched harder and thundered.
After the Battle of Mobei, the Han Dynasty took control of Hexi area, which laid the foundation for opening up the road to the western regions. Xiongnu lamented for this: "The loss of Qilian Mountain made my six animals not sweet; I lost my mountain and made my married wife colorless. "
If you can look at the history of Asia more than 265,438+000 years ago with the fast-forward button, you can see a magnificent scene: in the hinterland of Asia, the Huns receded like a flood, the earth came back to life like a flood, flowers blossomed and gurgled, business trips began to come and go, and camel bells began to rise and fall.
"Constant tribute is not only an economic burden, but also a political weakness. So the Han Empire decided to settle the dispute with Xiongnu once and for all.
First capture the Hexi Corridor, control the agricultural rich western regions, and then drive the nomadic people back to their original places after nearly ten years of war.
Hexi Corridor leads to Pamirs in the west, which is a brand-new world. China opened the door to transcontinental communication channels, and the Silk Road was born. "
English historian Peter Franco Pan wrote in his book The Silk Road-A Brand-new World History.
Yes, when we talk about the Silk Road today, we always think of Zhang Qian, but we can't forget Huo Qubin.
At that time, Zhang Qian, because of his mission to the Western Regions, was made Prince Bo, paid a ransom, and was exempted from the title. Gongsun Ao couldn't see Huo Qubing because he got lost. As a result, like Zhang Qian, he was sentenced to death, paid a ransom and was knighted for the people.
Even Zhang Qian, who knows the terrain best, lost his way. I have to admire Huo Qubing's precise positioning.
The war between the Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu lasted for many years, with many famous soldiers coming forth in large numbers and winning many battles. However, the Huns had no choice but to go west.
Around AD 160, Huns came to Sial Valley in Central Asia, a country called "comfort zone" in ancient times, and then left and disappeared from historical records. It was not until around 260 AD that they appeared in Alan, east of the Don River, on the other side of Asia.
They regained their glory here and started their trip to Europe. "A person who has never heard of it, a person who doesn't know where he is on the earth, suddenly came like a snowstorm on the mountain", which triggered a domino-style national migration and changed the historical destiny of Europe. The barbarians were driven away by the more brutal Huns, and the Roman Empire was torn to pieces.
Wrote:
"To some extent, the Huns contributed to a turning point in the development of European history. They pushed the Germans in the jungle onto the historical stage and ended the ruined Roman era with them. The disappearance of the empire brought about the beginning of a pluralistic political structure in Western Europe, consisting of various feudal countries. "
This is the "butterfly effect" of history.
In 476 AD, romulo, the last Roman emperor, was deposed. If he can cross, will he plaintively complain to Huo Qubing, "Why did you beat the Huns so badly six hundred years ago?"
Great nations are mostly born or rise in the life-and-death struggle with powerful enemies.
The Han Dynasty is a great dynasty in the history of China, from which the word "Han people" was founded. It was also in the Han Dynasty that China people had a strong sense of national identity and national responsibility for the first time. "Han people", "Han people", "China people" and "Chinese characters" have continued to this day, with endless self-confidence and pride.
Looking back at history today, it can be said that the Sino-Hungarian War affected the collective character and temperament of the Han people, and the collective character and temperament of the Han people helped the Han people win a brilliant victory over the Huns.
Glory comes from hardship. You know, this is a rare overwhelming victory of the agricultural people over the nomadic people in history, and it is on the grassland that the nomadic people are most familiar with, using the cavalry tactics that the nomadic people are best at, capturing the Great Wall and defeating the nomadic people.
Xiongnu is a riding nation, and the cavalry is extremely brave. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, Chao Cuo once said: No matter how strong the Huns are, they are no match for the Han people. However, Huo Qubing fought magnificently with the cavalry, and finally defeated the Xiongnu, and defeated, crushed and subdued the Xiongnu. Speaking of "General Huo Qubing, a title of generals in ancient times", the Huns are also convinced.
Before Wei Qing and Huo Qubing, the Huns were still a terrible force, stretching from Liaohe River in the east to verdant mountains in the west, the Great Wall in the south and Lake Baikal in the north. It is the first powerful grassland nomadic empire in the history of Eurasia. The Han Dynasty began in Huo Qubing and Wei Qing, and through repeated attacks on the Huns, it honed its indestructible national character.
The character of the Han people can be summed up in two words, that is, blood.
More than 70 years of Xiongnu humiliation, coupled with a hundred years of Sino-Hungarian war, tempered the blood of Han people, which is the basis for them to live with dignity. They are in charge of the military, and they have to conduct training, competition and assessment every year after autumn.
Both noble children and ordinary people love martial arts. Huo Qubing is naturally a martial arts expert, who is good at riding and shooting. Even Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, who lives in the deep palace, has a good kung fu. According to historical records, he is "good at beating bears" and can "hold a bear hammer".
Jia Fu and Dou Xian were called "top scholars" in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It goes without saying that Dou Xianzhi, who destroyed the main force of Xiongnu in the north and left the allusion of "Ran Yan Xerox", has great power.
Another Jia Fu, born in a scholar, was courageous and took the lead, and was famous for his bravery among Zhongxing heroes in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In folk songs, Jia Fu even left a legend of "making a scene". In a battle, he was pulled out of his intestines by a strong enemy. After deusex, he found that his little friend was missing, so he killed him, had a big fight and saved his little friend. Although it is a romance, we can also see its power.
People in the Han Dynasty were brave and bloody, and died without fighting. They are proud to serve their country and kill the enemy on the battlefield. In the frontier fortress far away from home, they wrote an epic battle story of men with blood.
For example, Huo Qubing's aunt is a queen. She can live a young life in a rich country, but she chooses to make contributions in the dangerous front. In the words of General Fu Bo Ma Yuan, "a man should die in the wilderness and be buried where he died in boots." This is the mainstream value of the Han people.
Ma Yuan himself is like this. He was one of the founding heroes of the Eastern Han Dynasty and made great contributions to Liu Xiu's unification of the world. After the unification of the world, although Ma Yuan was old, he volunteered to help the Qiang people in the east and stood on tiptoe in the west. Later, he became seriously ill during the crusade against Wuxi people and died unfortunately, practicing the spirit of "being killed by a horse".
Looking at the stories of the Han Dynasty today, I often feel so much.
For two or four hundred years in the Han Dynasty, people were primitive in nature, energetic, attached importance to honor, bloody, proud of heroes and patriotic, so the nation had a super centripetal force, which led to strong combat effectiveness.
This kind of bearing, just like the stone statue of "Horse stepping on Xiongnu" in front of Huo Qubing's grave, is not fancy at all, and has nothing to do with triviality and gaudiness, but its blood and strength, though frozen and silent for thousands of years, can still be felt bursting out.
Huo Qubing and Wei Qing, but later generations prefer Huo Qubing.
This is people's feelings and sympathy for the tragic hero.
In 1 17 BC, Huo Qubing died suddenly. He has only made great contributions for more than a year. He gave a fatal blow to the enemy of the country, completed his historical mission, and then drifted away, leaving no personal time for himself.
Huo Qubing was only 23 when he died. What kind of tragedy is this?
Like a flawless jade, it just fell to pieces after carving; Just like an impassioned drama, it came to an abrupt end at the beginning; Just like winter has just passed, spring is full of enthusiasm, but time suddenly stops. Everything is gorgeous and beautiful, torn off like a famous painting, leaving only the background color of death.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was very sad. At Huo Qubing's funeral, he called the real army and marched along Chang 'an to the tomb of Huo Qubing in Maoling East. He also ordered Huo Qubing's tomb to be built in the shape of Qilian Mountain, which showed his outstanding achievements in conquering Xiongnu.
There is no record of Huo Qubing's death in history. It is an eternal mystery why a generation of God of War suddenly died at the beginning of the best life.
Perhaps, from his name "Qu Bing", we can see that he has been in poor health since he was a child, and his mother wants him to grow up healthily without pain. Maybe he also feels the unpredictability of life, so he can seize all his time and not waste a minute to maximize his vitality. Therefore, he was able to concentrate on killing the enemy on the battlefield, leaving behind an eternal famous saying: "How can the Huns be home before they are destroyed?"
Not in the history books.
Huo Qubing has distinguished himself in military exploits and is proficient in politics. He has never been a party member or raised a scholar.
He also has a good personality. He is an illegitimate child. He has never seen his biological father Huo Zhongru since he was a child. When he is famous in the world, you can invite Huo Zhongru to meet him when you pass by his hometown.
Huo Zhongru, who didn't do his father's duty all day, was too ashamed to answer. He fell to his knees and kowtowed and said, "I must trust the general." This person is also great. " Huo Zhongru bought a house to be a handmaiden. When the leader came back, he took his half-brother Huo Guang to Chang 'an to practice. Huo Guang, who later became Fu, became an influential heavyweight in the late Western Han Dynasty.
When he has an impulse. "Flying General" Li Guang got lost in an expedition, was reprimanded by Wei Qing and committed suicide.
His son Li Gan was very angry and thought that Wei Qing had killed his father, so he shot Wei Qing with an arrow. Wei Qing is very cultured and calm, and may feel guilty about Li Guangzhi's death. In short, he didn't pursue the matter and wanted to hide it.
But when Huo Qubing knew about it, he shot Li Gan with an arrow in a hunting. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty did not punish Huo Qubing, saying that Li Gan was killed by a deer.
Although this was Liang Wudi's protection for Huo Qubing, it was also the result of the social atmosphere at that time: tolerance and affirmation of revenge.
At that time, there was a woman named Zhao E whose father was killed by an enemy, and three brothers died one after another. This weak woman, after waiting for more than ten years, found an opportunity to kill her enemy and then confessed herself. The county magistrate actually "wants to die with her", so I will not be an official. Let's run together. It was an era when love was more important than heaven.
Huo Qubing is a warm, honest and bloody young man. Although he died suddenly at the age of 23, he didn't experience the desire of prime of life, the greasy middle age and the weeping of old age. He has no time to talk about health preservation, pursue quiet years, study larded school, or experience the complexity and harshness of politics. As a young hero, he stayed behind history.
His name is always associated with youth, blood and the youth of the Chinese nation.