The Song and Yuan Dynasties lasted for more than 400 years, which was the middle stage of the development of feudal society in China. During this period, Chen Zhi, Zou Xuan, Qiu Chuji, Zhu Zhenheng and other health experts came out one after another, and published monographs, such as a letter for the elderly, a health report, a health record, and Taiding's main theory of health care. These works not only enriched the predecessors' health preserving theory, but also developed the ancient health preserving methods.

① the further development of diet regimen

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people realized the importance of food health preservation. Confucius believed that food should be exquisite, properly cooked and regularly eaten. Don't eat discolored, stale and rotten food. In the Tang Dynasty, Sun Simiao devoted himself to diet health in the 26th volume of Qian Jin Fang Yao, which is the earliest extant monograph on diet health. Among them, there are 30 kinds of fruits, 63 kinds of vegetables, 24 kinds of Gu Mi and 45 kinds of birds and animals, most of which are daily foods with nourishing function. Sun Shi thinks that if you don't know about diet, it's not enough to save your life. He pointed out that food can not only maintain life, but also cure diseases, and put forward the principle of eating less and more meals, eating lightly and eating when hungry.

Special attention was paid to medicine in Song Dynasty, and diet health was further developed, among which Chen Zhi made the greatest contribution. Chen Zhi is also known as Zhen Chen. In Song and Yuan Dynasties, he was appointed as the county magistrate of Hua County (now Xinghua, Jiangsu) in Taizhou. He systematically summarized the achievements of diet health care since the Tang Dynasty in the book "Providing for the Aged", and expounded the functions and specific methods of diet conditioning.

Chen believes that diet plays an important role in ensuring human health and regulating the balance between yin and yang. If you are hungry, you will get sick. He pointed out that the diet should be less and more meals, so that the spleen and stomach are easy to digest; Food should be warm, cooked and soft, and it should not be hard to stick to the cold to avoid hurting the spleen and stomach.

Chen Dali advocates drinking milk. He believes that milk is mild in nature and taste, which can replenish blood vessels, benefit the heart, increase muscles, make people healthy and strong, and make people look smooth and aging. The application scope and eating method of raw milk are explained in detail.

When he got sick, he advocated the method of diet therapy first, and thought that diet therapy was superior to drug therapy. Because food can not only exorcise evil spirits, but also stabilize viscera, and drugs always have certain side effects. If the diet fails to heal, consider using the medicine again. ② The drug scheme is on the right track.

Taking drugs to prolong life was first seen in ancient medical books unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb, which recorded that animals' testicles, penises, pine cones and arborvitae seeds in plants were used to rejuvenate. Zhang Hua's Natural History in the Western Jin Dynasty holds that the Yellow Sutra has the function of delaying aging and prolonging life. There are 165 kinds of drugs recorded as "intelligence-improving" and "longevity-prolonging" in the pharmacological monograph of Shennong's Herbal Classic in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the trend of eating Dan and serving stone prevailed, and medical care went astray. Many people became victims of Dan and stone medicine. After the Tang dynasty, this kind of malpractice was gradually recognized by people, and they began to advocate the use of animals and plants for health preservation. By the Song Dynasty, we had a deeper understanding of the toxic and side effects of Jinshi drugs, and the health of drugs was on the right track. The Song Dynasty attached importance to the collection and research of other drugs. A large number of prescriptions for prolonging life were collected in the medical works compiled by the imperial court, such as Taipinghuifang, Taiping Huimin Mixture, Shengji Zonglu and so on. At that time, many health prescriptions, such as Huanshao Pill and Bulao Pill, were famous prescriptions for anti-aging and prolonging life.

Health-preserving prescriptions after Tang and Song Dynasties can generally be divided into tonifying kidney, strengthening spleen, nourishing yin and strengthening yang, among which Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Fructus Lycii, Ginseng, Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Rhizoma Polygonati and Radix Ophiopogonis are the most popular drugs. Song and Yuan Dynasties also advocated the use of animal medicines called flesh and blood, such as deer turtles. This had a great influence on medical training in Ming and Qing Dynasties. For example, the famous anti-aging prescription "Quanlu Pill" in Jingyue Quanshu contains keratin, velvet antler, deer kidney, fresh venison, deer tail and so on. It is compatible with Ginseng Radix, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata and Semen Cuscutae to tonify qi and blood, nourish yin and strengthen yang, and achieve the effects of tonifying yin and yang, qi and blood and prolonging life.

(3) Suggestions for dumping positions.

For the technique of dumping position, see Zhu Zhenheng's Danxi Heart Method in Yuan Dynasty. Zhenheng, also known as Xi, was born in Yiwu, Wuzhou (now Yiwu, Zhejiang). Zhu studied hard since childhood and kept a diary of 1000 words. When he was young, he devoted himself to studying the Neo-Confucianism of Confucius and Mencius and Zhu Cheng. After the age of 30, he specialized in medicine, wrote medical works such as Danxi Heart Method and Ge Zhi Yu Lun, and became a famous medical scientist in the history of China. He has worked hard all his life and lived a long life, which shows that he has a good way to keep fit.

Cang refers to the human stomach; Dumping is to dump the dregs in your stomach. Zhu believes that people tend to overeat when they encounter delicious food. These excessive foods will be entangled with phlegm and blood stasis in the body, which will damage the body and life over time, so they should be removed by "dumping the warehouse". The specific method of dumping operation is: take 5 ~ 10 kg of beef, boil it with running water, filter the residue with cloth, pour the juice into the pot and cook it until it is amber with low fire. Drink a small cup after cooking, then drink it later, intermittently, until you drink dozens of cups. You will vomit after drinking, and it is effective to vomit more in moderation. Sleep quietly for a day or two after vomiting, and drink porridge when you are hungry. After three days, you can drink some light vegetable soup and gradually return to normal diet. Zhu believes that this method has the function of bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new, helping the poor and making up the losses; It is very helpful for people to use this technique once or twice after middle age to get rid of diseases and prolong life.