Su Wen's "On Ancient Naivety" said: "The ancient people, those who know, learn Yin and Yang, are good at counting, eat moderately, live regularly, and do not move rashly, so they are in harmony with God and die at the age of 100. That is to say, you can live a long life and live to be a hundred years old through health care the day after tomorrow. Traditional Chinese medicine is a theory of unity of form and spirit, which has become the main content of treating diseases in health preservation.
Meta-theory is an important part of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine, which runs through a complete theoretical system of principle, method, prescription and medicine.
The essential characteristics of metaphysical theology
The theory of metaphysical theology began in Neijing, and its theoretical concept fully embodies the simple materialism of traditional Chinese medicine. Because form and god are the most basic phenomena in human life, their relationship is the most basic phenomenon in life. The whole universe, from the human body to an organ in the body, is full of changes in the movement of form and god, so the concepts of form and god are relative and multifaceted. As far as the unity of man and nature is concerned, the human body is naturally a god; As far as the human body itself is concerned, plastid formation and life activities are gods; Specifically, an organ is the shape and function of an organ. In a word, form includes the material basis of various forms of physical movement, and spirit includes the functional activities of various material bases of the body, which complement each other and jointly complete the whole life movement of the human body. Therefore, Chinese medicine calls this unity of opposites "unity of form and spirit".
The concept of "unity of form and spirit" is the concrete embodiment of dialectical materialism and holism in traditional Chinese medicine. On the contrary, the integrity of human body and organism itself is embodied by the concept of unity of form and spirit, which is the most basic substantive feature of metaphysical theology. Secondly, metaphysical theology also has two characteristics: intuition and dialectics, because the normality and abnormality of the relationship between form and spirit can be judged by looking at the miraculous changes and deformation of the human body.
So as to further determine the nature, prognosis and prognosis of the disease. As can be seen from the above, the shape of the human body refers to the body or plastid, which has considerable mass, such as fixed meat, bones and organs, and flows with qi, essence, blood and body fluid. God is also called spirit, which is a generalization of life activities in a broad sense and conscious thinking in a narrow sense. Proper use of metaphysical theology can diagnose the changes of forms, that is, the material basis of various sports forms and the image of God, that is, the functional activities of various material bases, thus reflecting the physiological phenomena and pathological changes of the whole life activities.
Manifestations of physical and mental disorders
The former sages said that "the shape is the will of God, and the shape of God is for use", which is called the relationship between body and use. Zhang Jingyue, a physician in the Ming Dynasty, said, "God can't live without form, and form can't live without god. The disorder of form and spirit is a pathological state caused by the destruction of the relationship between form and spirit, so the ever-changing pathological changes, although summarized by yin and yang, are always nothing more than the disorder of the relationship between form and spirit. This disorder may be due to the injury of the body before the injury of the spirit, or the injury of the spirit before the injury of the body, or both. In severe cases, it can lead to the loss of body and mind, that is, the separation of yin and yang (physical use) and death. The diagnosis of the disorder of form and spirit is based on the theory of yin and yang, five elements, viscera and meridians, with the dialectical method of eight classes, viscera, qi and blood, and body fluid as tools, and with the means of four diagnoses, to diagnose the specific situation of the disorder of form and spirit.
From the origin, God is born in form, but from the function, God is the master of form, and the rise and fall of God depends on the rise and fall of form. There is a saying that "the existence of form is the existence of God, and the extinction of form is the extinction of God". The diagnosis of shape mainly refers to the change of shape and shape, in which shape refers to essence, blood, meat, bones and muscles, viscera and organs. And shape refers to the movement phenomenon of shape, so as to detect the cold and heat deficiency of the disease. Mainly through the diagnosis methods such as inspection (different changes in appearance and morphology), sniffing (smell and sound of appearance) and pressing (hot and dry appearance), such as aversion to cold or fever, headache and stuffy nose, joint pain of limbs, etc., it is diagnosed that exogenous pathogens have invaded the muscle surface. If the limb spasm is acute pain, the headache is wrapped and the rainy day is aggravated, it can be diagnosed as rheumatism invading the tendons. There is a saying that "the six evils are the least." Diet fatigue is also harmful, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, eating less and burping. For another example, improper work and rest, "long-term injury to the flesh and blood, long-term injury to the bones, long-term injury to the tendons" are all important reasons for injuries. In addition to examining the changes of external morphology and morphology, it is more important to examine the pathological changes of internal organs. The physiological activities of zang-fu organs are the basic material basis of the whole life activities. According to the relationship between the shape of zang-fu organs and spirit, zang-fu organs and the qi, blood, body fluid under their jurisdiction are all in the form of God, and their functional activities are God. The ancients summarized this relationship as the relationship between body and spirit, and there was also a saying that "the body yin is used while the yang is used", among which the relationship between the body and function of the five internal organs is the most important, because the five internal organs are the center of the whole life activity. Lung injury causes lung qi and lung yin; Liver damage liver yin blood; Spleen is more harmful to temper and spleen yang; Kidney damages kidney qi, kidney essence, kidney yin and kidney yang. Therefore, the pathological changes of the five internal organs must be diagnosed through the changes of external morphology. For example, if you see weakness of limbs, fever of hands and feet, red tongue with little coating and rapid pulse, you can diagnose liver-yin deficiency and meridian dystrophy. If you see dry skin, emaciation, dry cough, hot flashes and night sweats, you can diagnose lung yin deficiency. Morphological observation can also diagnose the changes of qi and blood, phlegm and blood stasis, such as the disuse of limbs, or control qi deficiency and blood stasis or phlegm and blood stasis, mouth and eyes? Wind phlegm is mainly oblique, which has important reference value for clinical diagnosis. Physical injury can lead to miraculous changes, and physical injury can also be diagnosed through mental changes, such as trance, forgetfulness, insomnia and dreaminess, combined with pale tongue and rapid pulse, which can be diagnosed as insufficient blood and mental malnutrition. Another example is the happy-sad syndrome caused by exultation, such as shortness of breath, fickleness in crying and laughing, depression, dizziness, eating less, thinking about hurting the spleen and so on. There is also great anger and liver injury syndrome, which is emotional injury, mental injury and physical injury. There is a saying in Neijing that "happiness hurts the liver, anger hurts the lung, fear hurts the kidney, and thinking hurts the spleen". Therefore, seven emotions hurt the spirit. In addition, the evil of six evils can also hurt the spirit, such as damp-heat and summer heat, and the evil of wind-cold and dryness can make the pericardium in Inner Mongolia delirium and convulsion. Yu Yue said, "The color person, the flag of God, the dirty person, the house of God. If God goes, it will be ruined, and the pollution will be evil." Explain the importance of God in a broad sense in diagnosis.
If the face is haggard, the tongue is pale and white, and the spirit is weak, it means that god is failing; A ruddy complexion, red tongue and bright eyes indicate high spirits. Your pulse is energetic, which means that when you feel your pulse, you should also consult God. When you say gentle and powerful, you mean that you have a pulse, otherwise you can diagnose different abnormal pulse conditions and distinguish mental disorders. Smell, breath and smell can also diagnose the rise and fall of God. Talking to yourself, your voice is loud, your breathing is even and gentle, and there is no abnormal smell, which means that you have spirit. If you speak incoherently and loudly, it means something is wrong with your brain. Such as deep speech, weak breathing, unable to continue to be a god, etc. During consultation, asking patients whether they are light healthy or heavy sleepy, the drowsiness of the team leader or refreshments, diet and sleep can all reflect the real situation of the air. Because the relationship between form and spirit is interdependent and pathological changes are often mutually causal, the diagnosis of abnormal form and spirit cannot be completely separated. The diagnosis of abnormal form and spirit must be based on observing the changes of form and spirit, and lay a solid foundation for the treatment of abnormal form and spirit.