Bitter gourd is a common annual vegetable in Cucurbitaceae. Although it tastes bitter, it is rich in nutrition and has many medicinal effects. Therefore, bitter gourd has become a health-care dish for clearing away heat and toxic materials in summer, so many people eat hard food, but after all, it is impossible for health. In this case, the sales volume of bitter gourd is still relatively good, and many growers will plant it. However, it is very important to plant bitter gourd well, and strong seedlings are the basis for high yield of bitter gourd.

The first step we need to do is to screen the seeds, because some bitter gourd seeds have wounds, are too small, have diseases, and may not germinate or have buds, so choosing in advance is helpful to improve the germination rate and ensure the health of the plants. Seeds that need nursing can be dried for 1-2 days. This has many advantages. First, the surface of seeds can be disinfected by sunlight, which greatly reduces the probability of disease at seedling stage; Secondly, by sunbathing, the respiration of seeds can be promoted, the vitality of seeds can be greatly improved, the germination rate of seeds is high, and new buds grow well after sowing.

Preparing nutrient soil before seedling raising of bitter gourd is one of the most basic tasks. The preparation of nutrient soil can be carried out by itself in rural areas. Choose high-quality fertile soil and use decomposed chicken manure, carbonized chaff, etc. Among them, high-quality soil accounts for more than 50% of the total nutrient soil. Then add NPK compound fertilizer1.5-2kg per cubic meter of nutrient soil, and add 80% carbendazim powder100g or 50% thiram powder 80g at the same time. It should be noted that if the organic matter used is not decomposed, all the substances should be mixed and sealed for about a week. Large-scale growers of bitter gourd must disinfect the seeds. Some growers may use direct seeding, so disinfection is more necessary.

Put the prepared nutrient soil matrix into the seedling pot in advance, water it before planting, and then sow it. After each seedling pot is completed, a layer of 1cm thick fine soil can be sprinkled on the seedling pot to keep warm. Put the seedling pot into the greenhouse, keep the temperature and humidity during the process, and spray water appropriately according to the humidity of the seedling substrate. It is recommended to use 1000 mesh shower to spray water. Temperature management is very important. The optimum temperature for seed germination of Momordica charantia is about 30℃. After sowing, the temperature should be raised appropriately to promote germination. When seeds germinate, the temperature can be reduced appropriately, and the optimum temperature for seedling growth is 22-25 degrees Celsius. If it is planted in early spring, the temperature should be lowered properly before planting, and the seedlings should be tempered after transplanting to improve the survival rate.

Diseases, such as damping off, damping off, root rot, stem blight, etc. It is easy to occur in the process of seedling raising, thus causing seedling death. Let's talk about how to prevent it. The first thing growers should do is daily management, and controlling the humidity in the field can reduce the incidence; Proper drying and exposure at noon on sunny days can also promote the growth of seedlings.