Answer: It refers to preventing and fighting fires in forests, trees and woodlands.

2. What are the principles for fighting forest fires?

A: The principle of mobilizing the masses and professional teams is implemented in forest fire fighting. All units in forest areas should set up mass firefighting teams, and pay attention to strengthening training and improving quality; State-owned forest farms must also organize professional firefighting teams.

3. What are the rules for using fire in forest areas during forest fire prevention?

A: Forest fire prevention period. It is forbidden to use fire in the wild in forest areas; If it is really necessary to use fire because of special circumstances, it is necessary to go through the examination and approval procedures strictly and obtain a permit for using fire in the wild.

4. What do you mean by units and individuals that have been approved to use fire?

Answer: the fire path is unqualified and does not burn; Fire prevention personnel and fire extinguishing tools are not in place and burn; If the weather is dry and the wind is above level 3, don't burn; Don't burn on the mountain fire; Do not burn in weather above level 4 (including level 4).

5. What do you mean by "five prohibitions" when entering the forest area?

A: It is forbidden to throw cigarette butts and match stalks in forest areas; Firecrackers and fireworks are not allowed to be set off in forest areas; Fire is not allowed to drive away animals in forest areas; It is not allowed to burn fire to keep warm and barbecue food in the forest area; Don't play with fire for fun in the forest area.

6. How is the forest fire risk rating divided?

A: The forest fire risk rating is divided into five levels. The first level is difficult to burn, and fire can be used; The second level is non-combustible weather, which can use fire, but it may go off; The third level is combustible weather, and the use of fire should be controlled; The fourth grade is flammable and high fire risk weather, and the forest area should stop using fire; Level 5 is the highest level of extremely flammable fire weather, and it is strictly forbidden to use fire inside and outside.

7. What is the forest fire prevention period? When is the forest fire prevention period in our province?

A: Generally speaking, the season when forest fires are prone to occur is defined as the forest fire prevention period. According to the climate characteristics and the occurrence regularity of forest fires, 1 65438+1October1was designated as the forest fire prevention period of the following year in Zhejiang province.

8. Who can't organize to put out forest fires?

A: The elderly, women, primary and secondary school students, children and the infirm.

9. What are the three conditions for forest burning?

A: Combustible, oxygen and a certain temperature.

10. What are the combustible materials in the forest?

A: Trees, shrubs, weeds, ferns, mosses, lichens, dead trees, decaying trees, litter and underground humus and peat are all combustible.

1 1. What are the main factors causing forest fires?

Answer: When combustible materials and weather conditions are favorable for forest burning, the fire source is the main factor of forest fire.

12, forest fires can be divided into three categories according to burning location, spreading speed and degree of harm?

Answer: There are three kinds of fires: surface fire, crown fire and underground fire.

What is surface fire? How harmful is the surface fire to the forest?

A: Surface fire, also called ground fire, refers to the fire that spreads along the forest floor and burns down the surface cover. Surface fire can burn seedlings, young trees and shrubs below the surface 1.5 meters, and burn the bark surface layer at the base of the trunk and the root system near the ground. After the forest is damaged, it can weaken the growth, easily cause a large number of pests and diseases, seriously affect the growth of trees, deteriorate wood materials, and sometimes even cause large-scale forest death.

What is crown fire? How harmful is crown fire to forest?

Answer: When the local surface fire meets strong wind or young conifers, dead trees or drooping branches, the flame burns to the upper part of the crown and spreads rapidly along the downwind, becoming a crown fire. Crown fire often occurs at the same time as surface fire, burning the crown of the whole forest, which is destructive to the forest and difficult to put out. In case of this kind of fire, generally do not put out the fire, but use the isolation belt.

15. What are the topographic factors that affect forest fires?

A: There are aspect, slope and altitude.

16, what is "fire"? What is "sitting on fire"?

A: Forest fires spread at a high speed from the foot of the mountain to the mountain, which is called "rushing fire". The flame slowly spreads from one mountain to another, which is called "sitting on fire".

17. What are the characteristics of forest fires in mountainous areas?

A: Under the mountain conditions, especially on the sunny slope, the fire is fierce and spreads rapidly, which is difficult to put out; Sit on the fire. Its fire is weak, which is conducive to fighting.

18, what is the principle of fighting forest fires?

A: Once a forest fire breaks out, we must fight against time to eliminate it in the initial stage according to the principle of "fighting early, fighting small and fighting out".

19, what are the two ways to put out the fire?

A: Forest fires are generally put out by combining direct fire fighting with isolated fire fighting. The common method of direct fire fighting is that firefighters use their own tools to directly extinguish the fire along the line of fire. When the surface fire or crown fire is so fierce that people can't get close to it, indirect fire extinguishing method is adopted, and the fire source is cut off by splitting the fire path to achieve the purpose of fire extinguishing.

20. What are the basic essentials for fighting mountain fires?

Answer: When fighting a mountain fire, you should stand with two feet inside the edge of the burned area and the other foot outside the edge. When using fire extinguishing tools, the burned area should be hit obliquely at an angle of 40-60 degrees.

Give it a pat when you pat it, and don't shoot it straight up and down to avoid splashing sparks and expanding the burning point. When flapping, you should hit hard and lift lightly, hit fast and lift slowly, and move forward while hitting.

When the firepower is weak, you can fight alone. When the fire is big, it is necessary to organize several people to fight a little at the same time, rise and fall at the same time, and move forward together after putting out the fire.

When putting out a fire, put it out along the line of fire one by one. Never go out of the fire line to put out an internal fire, let alone run to the fire sign to stop or put out the fire, especially when putting out grass pond fire and headwind fire, pay more attention to safety.

2 1. How to put out forest fires without casualties?

A: it is forbidden to confront fire in the fire line; Don't beat downwind; Don't fight in front of the line of fire; When putting out mountain fires, we should pay attention to the change of wind direction to prevent mountain fires from being involved in burns. When cleaning up the fire site, we should pay attention to burning, leaning against the "tree hanging" and sudden drop of wood, especially to prevent people from falling into the "fire pit" and burning.

22. What kind of administrative punishment should be given to those who do not obey the command of the fire fighting headquarters or delay the fire fighting time and affect the fire fighting and disaster relief?

A: Those who commit the above acts will be fined or warned from 50 yuan to 100 yuan.

23. How to conduct forest fire investigation?

A: After a forest fire occurs, the local people's government or the forest fire prevention headquarters should promptly organize relevant departments to make a detailed analysis of the time, place, causes, perpetrators, area, accumulation, fighting situation, material consumption, other economic losses, personal injuries and deaths, and response situation of the affected forest.

Investigate the influence of natural ecological environment. , and recorded in the file.

24. How to pay for fire fighting?

Answer: (1) The wages and travel expenses of individuals participating in forest fire fighting are paid by their units; (two) other expenses consumed during the fire fighting shall be paid by the fire accident unit; If the cause of the fire is unknown, it shall be paid by the management unit that burned the forest land; If the accident-free unit or the forest management unit in the fire place is unable to pay, it shall be paid by the mountain people's government.

25, to participate in forest fire fighting personnel have any rules?

A: After receiving the order to put out forest fires, any unit or individual must rush to the designated place to put out the fires within a limited time. It is strictly forbidden to organize and mobilize minors, pregnant women and disabled people to participate in fire fighting.

26, forest fire, fire is how to distinguish?

A: Forest fire: the affected forest area is less than one hectare or other woodlands are on fire; General forest fire: the affected forest area is more than one hectare but less than one hundred hectares; Major forest fire: the affected forest area is more than 1000 hectares but less than1000 hectares; Extraordinary forest fire: affected forest area 1000 hectares or more.

27. What are the common personal injury accidents in fire fighting?

Answer: (1) was directly burned by fire. The main reason is that firefighters are in danger and have no time to evacuate. According to the experimental data, the temperature of fire reaches 800- 1000 ~ C, and people can only live for 7.5 seconds-18 seconds.

(2) suffocation casualties. One is carbon monoxide poisoning coma or death. When the carbon monoxide content in the air reaches more than 1%, the weak body will die within 1 minute, and the strong body will die within 2 minutes. Second, in front of the fire, after inhaling high-temperature airflow, the throat produces edema and blocks the trachea and dies.

(3) fall to death. Mainly because of fire, because of broken wood, rolling stones, or because of falling off a cliff and dying.

(four) casualties caused by violation of operating rules. In fire fighting, when using tools such as shovels and rakes, they collide with each other without keeping a certain distance, or personal injury accidents occur due to improper use of fire-fighting bombs.

28. How to control the productive fire source?

A: Productive fire sources include burning wasteland, burning reclamation, blasting and quarrying. To control these fire sources, it is mainly to strictly implement the approval and formulation of on-site productive fire. In the critical period of forest fire prevention, strictly control the production of fire. Any unit or individual that needs to use fire for production must be approved by the local government or the forest fire prevention office according to the prescribed authority, and strictly abide by the "six don't burn" regulations, that is, leaders don't burn without being present; Do not burn after a long drought without rain; The wind above level 3 does not burn; If the fire line is not opened correctly, it will not burn; Failing to organize firefighters to put out the fire; Don't burn the fire extinguisher until you are ready.

29. What is China's forest fire prevention policy?

A: China's forest fire prevention policy is "prevention first, active elimination". Prevention is the premise and key of forest fire prevention, and elimination is a passive means and a rescue measure. Only by doing a good job of prevention can there be no fire or less fire. Once a fire breaks out, active measures must be taken to put it out. Therefore, in all the work measures of forest fire prevention, we must pay attention to prevention and fighting with both hands.

30. What are the strategies for fighting forest fires?

A: (1) Divide strategic fire zones. According to the degree of fire threat, it is divided into primary and secondary fire extinguishing areas. There are five natural and artificial fire barriers near the fire site, and the fire can spread freely, which is the main strategic area for fire fighting. There are natural and artificial fire barriers outside the fire boundary, so the fire is not easy to expand. When the fire spreads to the fire barrier, it will naturally go out. This is a secondary fire zone. Put out the fire in the main area first, and then focus on putting out the fire in the sub-area.

(2) Control the fire spread first, and then eliminate the residual fire.

(3) Combination of fighting and prevention, mainly fighting. In the case of fierce fire, the fire line should be set at an appropriate place in the main direction of fire development, and the fire wings should be flapped to prevent the fire from spreading.

(4) Concentrate superior forces to fight the war of annihilation. The fire is constantly changing. The fire fighting headquarters should focus on the overall situation, focus on defending key parts, focus on guarding dangerous areas, seize the favorable opportunity to put out the fire, concentrate superior forces to put out the fire in one fell swoop.

(5) Sacrifice part to save the overall situation. In order to better protect forest resources and people's lives and property, in the case of fierce fire and insufficient manpower, measures must be taken to sacrifice part and protect the overall situation. The key points and order of protection are: the ancestors should put things behind them, and the key forest areas should be followed by the general forest areas; If forests and historical relics are harmed by fire, the forests should be protected after the cultural relics are protected.

(6) Safety first. Fire fighting is a hard and tense action, which often leads to mistakes in busy work and accidents in chaos. When putting out the fire, especially in windy days, always pay attention to the change of the fire to avoid being trapped by the fire and causing personal injury. In the large-scale fire scene and long-term fire extinguishing process, commanders at all levels should proceed from safety first, be strict with requirements and discipline, and earnestly strike a fire safely.