Regarding the details of Tao Hongjing, we will introduce you from the following aspects:
First, Tao Hongjing's poems
"Thank you for writing it in the book" and "Zhao Wen asked all the poems in the mountain to answer".
Second, anecdotes about people: resignation and retirement
Hongjing is knowledgeable and has read more than ten thousand volumes. He is famous in the history of the Six Classics. /kloc-at the age of 0/7, he became four friends with Jiang and Chu Xuan. When Qi Gaozu took photos, he was cited as a servant of the kings. Except at the invitation of the imperial court, all the important events of the imperial court depend on him. However, although he is in Zhumen, he lives alone in a room and closes his eyes. He only took reading as his service, studied the collection of calligraphy, symbols and pictures day and night, kept healthy by eating and drinking, and gradually explored secluded places. After so many years, I gradually realized that I had the ambition of seclusion. In the tenth year of Qi Yongming, he decided to travel far and retire. At first, he didn't say goodbye to Emperor Wu of Qi, left without saying goodbye, hung up the dragon robe at the deer market in Shenwumen and walked out of the East Pavilion. Then tell the entourage "Don't let anyone know" and say goodbye to my friend Rebecca. Knowing his ambition, Wang Yan said to him, "The emperor is very strict and does not allow ministers to do bizarre things. If you leave without saying goodbye like this, you may have ulterior motives. If the emperor blames you, you will not achieve your goal. "
Hongjing pondered for a long time and replied, "I originally wanted to fulfill my long-cherished wish, not for fame and fortune." What you said really makes sense. I should tell the emperor what is going on. " So Hongjing went to Chen Cheng to show his abdication. I heard that there was an ethos of keeping in good health in the Yao Emperor's time and the Han Dynasty. I have been an official for a long time, how could I miss the splendor, and what I learned was not for the sake of wealth. So I often want to return to nature, live an idyllic life and appreciate the beauty of nature. I'm leaving the palace. I was so attached when I left that I had to go to the table to show my mind. Emperor Wu of Qi was deeply moved to see Hongjing's official release form. He not only approved Hongjing's request, but also gave him a reward, giving him ten silks and twenty candles. Don't _: I give five pounds of poria cocos and two buckets of white honey as bait every month. Give strong support to his health and monasticism.
So Hongjing came out of the mountain and was sent to the very prosperous Lu Zheng Pavilion when he left. Chemake said that people say that this is an unprecedented event since the Song and Qi Dynasties, and both the ruling and opposition parties are honored. Hongjing and his party came to Gouqu Mountain in Gourong and stopped to build a pavilion in the mountain. Hongjing said that this mountain is the cave capacity of Jintan, which is 150 miles around and is known as the day of Huayang. This is the residence of Sanmao in the Han Dynasty, hence the name Maoshan. Hongjing built a museum in this mountain and lived in seclusion, calling himself Huayang. Therefore, people call him Tao Hermit. From then on, Hongjing began his seclusion and practice life for more than forty years. After Hongjing abdicated, Shen Yue was the chief of Dongyang at that time. Admiring his ambition and moral integrity, he repeatedly wrote to ask him to come out as an official, but he politely declined.
Liang Wudi Xiao Yan had a close relationship with Hongjing in his early years. When Emperor Wu ascended the throne, the initial title was uncertain. Hongjing quoted all the predictions, all of which became the word "Liang", and wrote to Emperor Wu, telling him that "Liang" was a symbol of good luck. Liang Wudi named this country Liang. Later, Emperor Wu wanted to hire Hongjing as an official. He personally wrote a letter to him and gave him a deerskin towel. Later, after many invitations, Hongjing was unwilling to draw a picture of two cows with Emperor Wu. In the picture, a cow is scattered among the water plants, with a golden head, and someone drives it away with a rope and a stick. When Emperor Wu saw the painting, he said with a smile, "This man wants nothing. He wants to tail the turtle, how can he make sense! " Therefore, the appointment of officials is no longer mentioned. But when the country encounters major events, it always asks for advice. Between the emperor and Hongjing, there are endless letters every month. Every time the emperor got a book, he burned incense and was pious and respectful, which was hard to see. Therefore, people call it "the Prime Minister in the Mountain".
Third, the influence of later generations.
Tao Hongjing's life is legendary. He speaks highly of Ge Hong's works, and his experience is similar to Ge Hong's. Compendium of Materia Medica has written an important page in the history of medical development in China. Many innovations and developments are the great contributions of hardworking, intelligent and knowledgeable sages of traditional Chinese medicine, and also become precious materials for us to learn, learn from and study. Tao Hongjing sorted out medical books, respected the original works very much, never scribbled and changed them, and never made irresponsible remarks. Even if there is a supplement, he distinguishes his statement from that of the original book. If the collected 365 kinds of drugs are added to Shennong's Herbal Classics, he will write them in black, and some will write them in red. So future generations have a "herbal deficit."
The name of "black characters in materia medica". The deficit is the text of the book, and the black words were added later. He pioneered this practice, and later critics scrambled to learn. Tao Hongjing's arrangement of medical books is meticulous, rigorous, thorough and practical. It is a mirror for us to sort out ancient Chinese medicine books today, and it is worthy of being a generation of famous doctors and has been passed down through the ages.
Tao Hongjing loved pines all his life, especially listening to Songtao. He heard the sound of Songtao like Yue Xian, and sometimes only one person went into the mountains to listen to Songtao in Shan Ye Valley, so people called him a "fairy". Tao Hongjing inherited the philosophy of Laozi and Zhuangzi and Ge Hong's immortal thought, integrated it into the Buddhist concept, advocated the confluence of Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism, and further sorted out the Taoist scriptures, which made great contributions to Taoism.
Tao Hongjing's lifelong obsession with Taoist "immortal art" is insufficient. However, Tao Hongjing is knowledgeable, proficient in astronomical calendar, mountains and rivers, medicine, chess, piano, calligraphy and painting, and even the five elements of Yin and Yang. He has made certain contributions in many aspects of ancient science and technology such as medicine, alchemy, astronomy, geography, biology and mathematics.
Tao Hongjing often roams around famous mountains and rivers in order to visit doctors. When he reached the beautiful scenery, Tao Hongjing sat there and wrote many beautiful poems. During the Southern Dynasties, prose developed by leaps and bounds, with narrative, romantic or sentimental articles appearing in content, and parallel prose pursuing duality, parallelism, allusion, flowery rhetoric and delicate temperament appearing in form.
Four. assess
Tao was born as a world famous doctor. Both his grandfather and father studied medical skills and learned martial arts. He was smart since he was a child. He read Ge Hong's Biography of Immortals at the age of ten and was deeply influenced. At the age of thirty-six, he resigned and lived in seclusion in Maoshan, Jurong, and traveled all over the famous mountains to seek fairy medicine. At that time, he was deeply trusted by Liang Wudi Xiao Yan. Although Liang Wudi gave him an official position many times, Liang Wudi had to consult him about state affairs, so people gave him the title of "Prime Minister in the Mountain". Tao thought is the representative of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism.
As far as medicine is concerned, he is one of the early figures who made the greatest contribution in the history of China's herbal medicine development. In his life, there are more than 10 herbal books, but there is no uniform standard. In particular, the ancient herbal books are outdated, scattered in content, regardless of grass and stone, regardless of insects and animals, which is quite inconvenient for clinical application. He shouldered the heavy responsibility of "summing up the classics and studying them", and sorted all the herbal books at that time into Shennong Herbal Classic and Famous Doctors' Bielu respectively. Become a milestone in the history of Chinese medicine development.
The main feature of this book is the creation of a comprehensive natural history of making traditional Chinese medicine. He also created some original inventions, such as the classification of "panacea for various diseases" according to the nature of drug treatment. In terms of style, he also created the narrative general and sub-theory of herbal works. Under the historical conditions at that time, he used books and ink books to distinguish the original texts of Benjing and Bielu, and so on. He made an indelible contribution in the history of the development of traditional Chinese medicine.
Tao Hongjing has the spirit of scientific exploration. Under the conditions at that time, he dared to put forward a new classification of materia medica, not limited to the original classification of three categories. He is a Taoist himself, but he can set out from reality and break the classification of the three cardinal guides, which proves his attitude of seeking truth from facts on the road of science. He has the exploration spirit of "I know nothing, and I am deeply ashamed", which is the driving force for his achievements in science. For example, he personally visited the bee's nest many times and finally came to the correct conclusion: the statement in the Book of Songs is "absurd, the poet has not been tried, and what is the reason for the owner's partiality?" Sages are scarce, mostly. "Criticize the fallacy of ancient sages bluntly.