Investigation on hotel culture and functional characteristics
Research purposes: To understand the hotel status and hotel evaluation criteria, experience the hotel environment and atmosphere, and understand the hotel service assembly line. Provide the necessary materials for hotel design, formulate a fully functional design task book, and design a hotel that meets the specifications for the upcoming design. In order to break through the inherent mode and embody humanistic spirit and fashion, the design has created a modern space with traditional oriental charm.
Research scope: hotel design and its culture.
The combination of space and environment
Relationship between regionality and development
Hotel knowledge:
1. What is the meaning of the hotel?
This is a place where guests can stay and eat. Specifically, a hotel is a place where tourists can stay by selling rooms, restaurants and comprehensive service facilities. It is an organization that provides guests with housing facilities, food, drinks and services and obtains economic benefits.
Second, what is the standard for dividing the hotel scale?
Hotel scale is generally divided into three types according to the number of rooms and beds in the hotel: large, medium and small. With the frequent international exchanges and the development of tourism and aviation, the hotel industry has developed rapidly. At present, the internationally accepted classification standards are:
Rooms under 300 are collectively referred to as "small hotels".
Hotels with 300 to 600 rooms are called "medium-sized hotels".
Hotels with more than 600 rooms are called "grand hotels".
3. What is the classification standard of hotels?
In order to promote the development of tourism, protect the interests of tourists and facilitate the comparison between hotels, the international community has made some regulations on hotel grades. Since 1950s and 1960s, a relatively uniform grading standard has been gradually formed according to the hotel's construction equipment, hotel scale, service quality and management level. Tourist hotels are divided into five grades, namely, one-star, two-star, three-star, four-star and five-star (or four-star luxury) hotels.
One-star hotel: simple equipment, with two basic functions of food and accommodation, can meet the simplest travel needs of guests and provide basic services. It belongs to the economic level and meets the needs of tourists with poor economic ability.
Two-star hotel: the equipment is average, except for basic facilities such as guest rooms and restaurants, there are also comprehensive service facilities such as salesroom, post and telecommunications, hairdressing and so on. The service quality is good, which belongs to the general tourism level and meets the needs of tourists. Take the agate two-star hotel in Bordeaux as an example. There are 148 rooms on the seventh floor. Each room has two sides and three beds, with an area of 13.5 square meters (including 2.5 square meters bathroom with toilet, bath and shower head). There are hot and cold air equipment, carpets and telephones in the room. The furniture is simple, low cost and economical.
Three-star hotel: it has complete facilities, not only providing accommodation, but also providing comprehensive service facilities such as meeting room, recreation hall, bar, coffee shop, beauty salon and so on. Each room covers an area of about 20 square meters, with complete furniture, refrigerator and color TV. Good service quality and high charging standard. Can meet the needs of middle-class and above tourists. At present, this medium-level hotel is the most popular in the world, with a large number.
Four-star hotel: luxurious equipment, comprehensive service facilities, many services, excellent service quality, attention to indoor environment art, providing quality services. Guests can not only get advanced material enjoyment, but also get good spiritual enjoyment. This kind of hotel is usually called a first-class hotel internationally, and the fees are generally higher. It mainly meets the needs of upper-class tourists and mass tourists with higher economic status.
Five-star (or four-star luxury) hotel: This is the highest-level tourist hotel. The equipment is luxurious and the facilities are more perfect. In addition to luxurious guest room facilities, service facilities are complete. Various restaurants, large banquet halls, conference halls and comprehensive services are relatively complete. It is the center of social activities, conferences, entertainment, shopping, entertainment and health care. With beautiful environment and high service quality, it is a kind and happy small society. The charging standard is very high. It mainly meets the needs of the upper bourgeoisie, government officials, celebrities, managers of large enterprises, engineers and technicians, officials attending international conferences, experts and scholars.
4. What is the significance of hotel service?
In short, hotel service is the most important product sold by hotels. Hotel products are comprehensive products that meet the multi-level consumption needs of guests and provide them with various tangible products and services. Hotel products are different from those of other material production departments. The products sold by the Material Production Department are mainly material products, while hotels provide a variety of products and services to their guests on the condition of hotel facilities.
The reception service process refers to the labor process in which room attendants use various materials and equipment in the room to provide services for guests. The consumption process refers to the guest's accommodation process, which is consistent with the reception service process in time and space. After the product is made, it cannot be exchanged and become a commodity. Therefore, there is only one kind of goods produced by hotels, that is, services.
What is the definition of a guest room?
Guest rooms are the main facilities for hotels to provide accommodation and rest for their guests. They are also the "home" of tourists and the main part of hotels and restaurants.
6. What kind of rooms do you have? 、
There are generally two kinds of rooms: single rooms and suites.
A single room usually consists of a room with an area of 16 ~ 20㎡, with ancillary equipment such as toilet.
A room with a single bed is called a single room, which is suitable for single people on business trips.
A room with two single beds or a double bed is called a double room. This room is suitable for two guests and couples, and for tourist groups.
An apartment consists of two or more rooms (with bathrooms and other ancillary facilities).
Double Suite: Generally, two rooms are connected. One is the reception room and the other is the bedroom. There are two single beds or a double bed in the bedroom. Such a room is suitable for couples or tour groups.
Combination Suite: This is a specially designed room according to needs, and each room has a bathroom. Some consist of two opposite rooms; Some are composed of two rooms next door, with doors and locks in the middle; Some are made up of three adjoining rooms with bathrooms.
Multi-suite: It consists of three to five or more rooms. There are two bedrooms with bathrooms, a reception room, a dining room, an office and a kitchen. There is a king bed in the bedroom.
Superior Suite: A suite of seven to eight rooms with a mini-bar in the corridor. The two bedrooms are separate, and the men's and women's bathrooms are separate. There are living rooms, study rooms, conference rooms, suites, guard rooms, dining rooms and kitchen facilities, and some have indoor gardens.
Three-dimensional suite: consists of two floors, upstairs and downstairs. Upstairs is the bedroom with two single beds or a double bed. There is a bathroom and reception room downstairs, and there is a movable sofa in the room, which can also be opened as a bed.
What is the position and function of the front desk in the hotel?
The position and role of the front desk in the overall service of the hotel is very important. It is not only the main channel for communication inside and outside the hotel, but also the hub and command center of hotel reception service. All departments in the hotel, such as catering department, recreation center, supply department, etc., have to rely on the general service desk to coordinate in order to do a good job of service. In terms of external liaison, we should organize our customers well, try our best to serve them warmly and thoughtfully, make them satisfied, leave a deep first impression, attract more guests for the hotel and increase social and economic benefits. The work of the main service desk is very important, especially requiring service personnel to be proficient in business and act quickly and accurately.
Second, about the hotel culture:
From the perspective of management, hotel architecture is a kind of cultural management, and the competition in 2 1 century is a cultural competition. Hotel culture is the soul of hotel design, which is increasingly recognized by people. Creating unique hotel culture will be the basis of brand advantage. As a social phenomenon, the development of culture has historical integrity, and at the same time, it has national and regional characteristics. Hotels are enterprises that produce and manage culture. If guests fully enjoy the hotel culture, they will form loyalty to the hotel. Therefore, hotels have higher cultural added value. China's hotel culture, we believe that when exploring regional culture and taking the road of national development, we should not blindly worship foreign things and flatter foreign countries. China has its own folk style and various cultural essences. These regional cultures are identifiable. Therefore, natural conditions and historical heritage can completely create a national hotel culture with oriental characteristics. However, how to make the public's ideas accepted in today's China is still a process equivalent to independent innovation. However, hotel management is the management of culture. No matter whether the performance of this banner is good or not, the concept of management culture is always good. Our design is based on this angle. We deeply analyze the environment, history, culture, geography and mentality of consumer groups, tap the deep bone marrow of China culture, and change its shape according to its intention. Culture lies in choice and deepening.
Third, form and function:
1. Market positioning
Through in-depth communication with the owners, it is very important to understand the intention of investors, investigate and analyze the city, region, adjacent buildings and natural ecological environment where the hotel is located, so as to give the hotel an accurate positioning. Because hotels with different grades and different market positioning have different designs. Such as holiday hotels, business hotels, conference hotels and tourist hotels. , all have their own different professional designs.
2. Classification by function
The functional division of hotels also needs more rational thinking. Before the design, it is best to draw a flow chart according to different market positioning, different positions, areas and proportions of each space in the whole hotel. The division of functions should not only satisfy the various behaviors of guests' accommodation and entertainment, but also ensure the smooth progress of various behaviors of hotel management (including various types of work) (avoiding cross-operation). This requires designers to understand the hotel facilities, the functions and proportions of each space. Then, the designer needs to study and discuss with the owner (including the hotel management) before determining the "hotel function flow chart". After that, the designer needs to divide each space specifically. Domestic hotel design (starting from the architectural structure) always adopts a set of fixed models, especially standard rooms, with extremely low design content. Therefore, at this stage, how to meet the functional requirements and carry out innovative design is our goal.
3. Sense of space
The sense of space is the psychological feeling given by the virtual and real surrounding of decent buildings.
Hotels generally have a lot of room to enjoy. How to introduce outdoor light, water and greening into the room, how to make the integration of architecture and indoor space perfect, and how to break the old space utilization mode need to absorb past experience, but more need innovation.