To annotate ...
(1) Su Qin: Zi, a native of Luoyang in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, was with Zhang Yi when he was a teenager. His plan to unite the six countries against Qin was destroyed. Wei Qi attacked Zhao, and the prince of Zhao blamed Su Qin. Su Qin asked the prince of Zhao to send him to unify the State of Yan. Later, he worked as a spy for Yan, went to Qi to defraud the king of Qi, and was finally killed in Qi. Qin: The monarch of the State of Qin was named Shang. "Lian Heng"-Qin is in the west, the six countries are in the east, and the land of the six countries is connected with the north and the south. If the six countries unite against Qin, it is called "alliance"; If Qin conquered other countries from west to east, it would be called Lian Heng. Zhang Yi once lobbied six countries to make his colleagues work for Qin, calling them "Lian Heng". Su Qin initially lobbied "Lian Heng" to get the reuse of Qin, but the result was the cold shoulder of Qin, so he held a grudge, which led to the subsequent "suppression by both sides". "Lian Heng" here has a specific reference, and "Lian Heng" below is a general reference.
② Ba and Shu: Sichuan Province today. Ba, the eastern Sichuan belt centered on Chongqing; Shu, the western Sichuan belt centered on Chengdu. Hanzhong: Today's southern Shaanxi Province. (3) Raccoon: the name of the animal, and the skin can be used as fur. Daima: Horses produced in Daixian county, northern Shanxi province. (4) Limitations: In ancient books, the word "danger" is used.
Please play its role: please: please allow (me). Play: Gongshu, play Ming. Effect: efficacy, verification. However, this sentence can be interpreted in another way, that is, "qi" is an auxiliary word of mood, and "filial piety" refers to the opinion or strategy of serving the king of Qin.
(6) "Articles can't be punished"-in the past, it was usually noted that articles and decrees also referred to national decrees; Punishment, homicide, also refers to execution of punishment. I think it is very inappropriate to annotate this sentence like this. "Hairiness is not full, you can't fly high, you can't punish; Immoral people are not allowed to make people; If politics and religion are not in harmony, don't disturb the minister. " Judging from the whole sentence, this language is aimed at personal behavior exhortation, not official discussion. Why do you suddenly interpret "national decree" and "penalty" should be: the author of the article is an article; Whoever punishes will be punished. This sentence "finished", please return it; This sentence is "penalty", and it is the same with the sound of F.
(7) "Those who oppose politics and religion, don't disturb the minister"-"politics and religion" here refers to the education or proposition of national politics, which is "anachronistic", out of date, unworkable and resistant.
(8) Like this: I am proud of my appearance and serious. Court teaching: Court teaching.
(9) I hope to take another day off: I hope to study for another day.
(10) Shennong: the legendary name of Emperor Yan. Supplement: Tribal name.
(1 1) "The Yellow Emperor cuts the zhuolu, and birds speak human-god"-Huangdi: the legendary name of the ancient emperor, named Xuanyuan, was founded by the bear. Zhuolu: The mountain name is in the southwest of Zhuolu County, Hebei Province. Chiyou: the leader of Jiuli tribe, who fought against the Yellow Emperor and was punished by him. (12) "Yao Black Pocket"-Yao: According to legend, the name of the ancient emperor was Ji, and the country name was Tang. Sichuan is located in Shun. Huān: Chen Yao was exiled for rebellion.
(13) "Cutting Three Seedlings in Shun"-Shun: The name of the legendary ancient emperor, surnamed Yao, Zhong Hua, and the country name Yu. The story got around in my spare time. Sanmiao: The Miao nationality in ancient times, in today's Dong Xi, Hunan.
(14) "Yu Hei * * * works"-Yu: the name of an ancient emperor. This man who made great contributions to water control was named Shun Chan, the title of Xia. * * * Gong: The official name of the ancient water was extremely violent and was exiled by Yu.
(15) Tang: the founding king of Shang Dynasty, originally a vassal state of Xia Dynasty. Jie had no choice but to attack Jie and establish Shang Dynasty. Ranger: It refers to Wang Xia Street. In ancient times, the word "you" was added as the dynasty, and the summer was the Xia dynasty.
(16) "King of Literature"-King of Literature, namely Zhou Wenwang: Ji Mingchang, was the leader of the governors in the western regions of Yinzhou, also known as Xibo. Chong: The national title worships Hou Hu, aiding the abuse, and is punished by King Wen.
(17) "King Wu Attacks Zhou"-King Wu, namely, the son of King Wen, whose name stood after the end of Zhou, namely, the position of the son of heaven, with the title of Zhou. Zhou: Yin, tyrant.
(18) "In the World"-Qi Huan: Qi Guo Jun, whose real name is Xiao Bai. He made an alliance with the vassal States, resisted foreign invasion and became the leader of the vassal States. Any war: willing to fight. Bo: Just like a bully. Dominate the world, that is, the princes.
(19) "The ancients made the hub hit"-the ancients made: the ancient messenger; Because there are no causative verbs here. Cars come and go, and the wheels collide, which means there are many cars and Mercedes-Benz is in a hurry. Hub (G avatar), the protruding part of the center of the wheel.
(20) "Keep your word"-negotiation and alliance.
(2 1) "One in the world, from Lian Heng"-inverted sentence. Contract: agreement; Said by: This is an ancient "vertical" word. Lian: Make friends. North-south vertical, east-west horizontal; The "Covenant of Lian Heng" here is a general term, which refers to the diplomatic relations and alliance relations with other countries in ancient times. Another meaning of "forming an alliance with Lian Heng" is to invite forces (or alliances) within one's sphere of influence to contact forces outside one's sphere of influence.
(22) "Combination of Literati and Scholars"-Distinguishing history (Shi) skillfully. It means that envoys or lobbyists from all over the world lobby in front of the prince with clever language.
(23) "Bureaucrats are prepared, and the people are more fake"-bureaucracy: rules and regulations; Pseudo-state: a hypocritical attitude, that is, not sincere to perform. (24) "Book policy is thick and turbid, and the people are insufficient"-book policy: decree; "Thick and turbid": complex and chaotic. "People are living in poverty": The people are very poor.
(25) "Up and down worry about each other, the people have nothing to talk about"-there is hatred between the monarch and the minister, and the people have no way to live.
(26) "Eloquence"-Eloquence: Eloquence; Wei Fu: The costumes are spectacular.
(27) "complicated appellation"-complicated appellation: cumbersome appellation; Text: beautiful text.
(28) "Deafness due to unfavorable tongue"-unfavorable refers to fatigue and fatigue. "Today, the profits are exhausted. (Zhuge Liang's "model"). Yu said that his tongue was tired and his ears were deaf.
(29) "If you keep your word, the world will not get close to you"-even if you act righteously and keep your word, the world will not get close to you. (30) "Being a servant is profitable"-Being a servant means being in an empty position, and the next sentence "sitting" means sitting and keeping it effortlessly.
(3 1) "Five Emperors and Three Wang Wu Bo"-Five Emperors: generally referring to Tai Hao, Shennong, Huangdi, Shao Hao and Zhuan Xu. Three Kings: Kings of three generations, referring to Yu Xia, Shang Tang, Zhou Wenwang and Zhou Wuwang. Five uncles: Qi Huangong, Jin Wengong, Song Xianggong, Qin Mugong and Chu Zhuangwang.
(32) The sentence "Ling Wancheng ..."-Ling: overwhelming and condescending; Qū, yield, let yield; System: rectification; Minister: surrender; Origin: refers to the people; Confucius said: That is to say, accept the world as descendants. Biography of Ban Gu at the end of Han Dynasty: Yuan Yuanben. And they say Yuanyuan. Historical Records and Biography of Emperor Wendi: With Yuan Yuanren in the World.
(33) "The disadvantages of sable fur"-fur. Disadvantages: bad, bad.
(34) Let's go for a ride-Let's go for a ride (léi): Let's go through the hook and wrap it up. Téng: leggings; The word "Teng" should be a loan word of "Teng". Footwear: wear. Qiāo: sandals. Tie a vine and wear sandals. (35) tuó: bag.
(36) "Dozens of books are published in one night"-method: rummaging through everything. Qiè: Old book boxes and baskets. "Seeking the secret of Taigong"-Taigong: surnamed Jiang, a famous businessman and minister, assisted in cutting Zhou. Yin Fu: A book on the art of war written by later generations in the name of Taigong. (37) "It turned out to be Mo Jique"-Mo: Close, close, close, which means "boarding" here. Yanwu Que: The name of the Palace Que. Swallows and blackbirds gathered under the eaves of the palace and were named Zhi Ya. Unfortunately, there is no way to find out. Que, there is a name that is interpreted as "plug", which is not flattering.
Wang Zhao: Zhao Suhou, a famous language. Huawu: a magnificent palace. When it comes to extending the palm: extending the palm, the palms of the two are offset; Speak with your heart.
(39) Leather cars: cars decorated with leather packages; Pure: It was called "Idle Nine Pure" and "Pure Five Feet" in Huainanzi Terrain Training. Yi (Yi) is an ancient unit of weight, combining twenty-four pairs into one Yi. There are hundreds of books, and there are hundreds of them.
(40) "About from the scattered horizontal"-about: invite, close. Said by: The word "vertical" was interchanged in ancient times, referring to the alliance camp. Disperse: disperse, break up. Horizontal: This refers to the non-alliance camp forces. (See note (1) "Lian Heng")
(4 1) "impassable"-the traffic inside and outside Hangu Pass is isolated, which means that the pool cannot leave Hangu Pass.
(42) "Everyone must decide Su Qin's strategy"-"Everyone must decide ..." Everyone must decide ... policy: strategy and proposition. (43) "Type lies in politics, not in courage; Style is in the temple, not outside the four borders "-style: the same as" trying ",using, taking and offering.
(44) The whole sentence "When the dragon of Qin is a dragon, gold is available"-when: match, compare, compare. Dragon: Prosperity, prosperity. Usage: cost, expense, expenditure. Hub-to-hub riding: rolling military vehicles and riding. Cool, show off. Obey the wind: ask the wind and listen to it. Great power: great attention; Big: big, wide and deep; Emphasis: respect and value.
(45) "Qi" and "Fu" are both auxiliary words at the beginning of a sentence in classical Chinese; The word "He" is added before the word "Husband", which means "Let's talk about that …". Lester: That's it, but. Dig a door in a poor alley: live in a poor alley and dig a hole in the wall as a door. Qi Ce also has the phrase "Dig a hole to find a poor lane". Hu Sang Shu: Hu Sang is considered a poor farmer. Guo: called Guo in ancient times, it is a drinking vessel made of bent wood, such as cup Guo and willow Guo. Pivot (or fulcrum): portal pivot seat replaced by wooden cup; The pivot seat of the finger door was worn out, so a wooden cup was temporarily changed, which was extremely shabby.
(46) The sentence of "Fu's titles"-Fu Fu is above Che's. V: bend over; Stone: the crosspiece of the front handrail of an ancient carriage. Z ǔ n: le, manipulation, control, temperance. Title: bite, which means the reins of operation. Ting: Tong Ting, Dian Ting. Say: persuade and argue. Du Zuoyoukou: It is difficult for others to express their opinions; Du, don't block, block. Hey: ancient and contrary; Equivalence and competition.
(47) The words "parents heard"-Qing Palace: cleaning the house and sweeping the street. Drinking in Zhang Le: Arranging bands and setting up drinks. Welcome to the suburbs: welcome to the suburbs. Snake-like crawling: snake-like bending backward and crawling forward; X: Apologize and repent.
(48) "Modesty in front of people"-arrogance in front of people, then modesty. Hey: Arrogance. Humility: Humility.
(49) "Respect the position of the season and win more gold medals"-because. Ji zi: The youngest son, the youngest son. This is what my sister-in-law calls her brother-in-law. Respect status and more money: prominent status and more money.
(50) "Gai can be omitted"-Gai: Gai was traditionally called Gai, and Gai was also called hé in ancient times, which was synonymous with Harmony. Ritan Gong: "Zi Gai said that he was aiming at the public." Master Zhuangzi: "What is the skill here?" Sudden: suddenly, ignoring and despising; Hu Zai: Modal particles are equivalent to today's "ah, oh". "Negligible" means: how can it be ignored! Judging from this sentence, Su Qin is also a snob for money!
translate
At first, Su Qin, the leader of the United Front School, advocated Lian Heng strategy for Qin. He lobbied Qin to say, "The country of the King of Qi is rich in products in places like Ba, Shu and Hanzhong in the west, precious hides and fine horses in the Hu people's area in the north, Wushan and Qianzhong as barriers in the south, and strong fortresses such as Gushan and Hanguguan in the east. The land is fertile and the people are rich; Ten thousand chariots and a million strong men; Woye is thousands of miles away, rich in resources and sufficient in savings; The terrain is dangerous, easy to attack but difficult to defend. This is recognized as the "land of abundance" in the world, so Qin is a real power and dominates the world. With your talent, a large number of foot soldiers and people in Qin, the great role of chariots, cavalry and other weapons, and the clever use of the art of war and strategy, you are completely sure to annex other governors, unify the whole country, proclaim yourself emperor and rule all China. I hope the king can consider this prospect and allow the minister to state his strategy. "
Qin said: "I often hear people say that birds with insufficient feathers can't fly high, countries with incomplete laws and regulations can't reward and punish, monarchs with low morality can't rule all the people, and monarchs whose policies and education are not in line with God's will can't order ministers. Now my husband has been teaching in our country for a long time, and I am very grateful, but let's wait until the future about military affairs! "
Su Qin said, "I doubt whether the king will listen to my advice. In the past, Shennong failed to attack, Huangdi attacked Zhuolu and Chiyou, Tang Yao exiled Huandou, Yu Shun attacked Sanmiao, Yu Xia attacked Gonggong, Shang Tang destroyed Xia Jie, Zhou Wenwang attacked Chonghou, Zhou Wuwang destroyed Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and Qi Huangong dominated the world by war, all of which showed that if a country wants to dominate the world, how can it achieve its goal without fighting? In ancient times, messengers were all running in chariots, and countries concluded oral covenants with each other to seek the unity of the world. Although it pays attention to the alliance of Lian Heng, it is a constant war; The lobbyists and counselors used sophistry and blackmail to arouse the panic and suspicion of the princes. As a result, all disputes have occurred since then, which is simply too complicated to handle. In countries with complete articles of association and laws, people often make hypocritical behaviors; Documents and policies are messy and complicated, and people live in poverty; When you are sad, the people have no recourse; The more laws and regulations, the more wars; The more eloquent people put on Confucian costumes, the more the war can't stop. If everything ignores the fundamentals and pays special attention to the details of language, the world will become more and more restless. So the lobbyist's tongue is burnt and the listener is deaf, but it has no effect; Even if you are loyal and trustworthy, you can't make the world peaceful and happy. "
"So we abolished sandwiches and used force, called on and treated those who dared to die, made all kinds of armor, polished all kinds of swords and guns, and then went to the battlefield to win the battle. The king should understand that even the ancient emperors, three kings, five tyrants and wise lords can't achieve their ambitions without action if they want to make the country rich and strong, and they can't do it without action if they want to expand their territory. Therefore, only war can achieve the goal of national prosperity. Those who are far away will attack them with the army, and those who are near will fight them. Only in this way can we build great achievements. Therefore, if the army can defeat foreign countries, the loyalty of the domestic people will rise, the authority of the king will be enhanced, and the people will naturally obey the rule. Now, if you want to annex the world, seize the throne, conquer the enemy, rule the sea, govern the people, and order the vassals, it is really impossible to use force. However, the monarch who is in power now ignores the importance of using troops and does not know how to educate the people; If you don't understand politics, you will often be confused by the words of some sophists, indulge in the oral arguments of lobbyists, and mistakenly believe in various inappropriate foreign policies. According to this situation, the king will definitely not realize Lian Heng. "
Su Qin lobbied the King of Qin to ascend to the throne for more than ten times in a row, but his suggestion was never adopted by the King of Qin. His mink coat is broken, and 120 gold coins are used up. In the end, even the room and travel expenses were lost, so I had to leave Qin and return to Luoyang. He has little feet tied to his legs, sandals on his feet, some broken books on his back and his own bag on his back. He was haggard, yellow and black, and very depressed. When he got home, his wife who was weaving ignored him, his sister-in-law refused to cook for him, and even his parents didn't talk to him, so he sighed deeply: "My wife doesn't treat me as a husband, my sister-in-law doesn't treat me as a brother-in-law, and my parents don't treat me as a son. This is all my fault in Su Qin. "
That night, Su Qin found a "Yin Fu" written by Jiang Taigong from dozens of bookshelves. Since then, he has been studying hard at his desk, choosing important things he is familiar with, and trying to figure out exercises while watching. He was tired of reading and wanted to doze off, so he stabbed himself in the thigh with an awl and blood flowed to his feet. He said to himself, "How can you persuade others not to take out gold and jade and get your position?" After a year, his research and exercise finally succeeded. He said to himself, "Now I can really lobby the kings of all countries."
So Su Qin stepped into the gate of Jique, and said the prince of Zhao was downstream of Huawu. He told the king of Zhao about the strategy and tactics of the alliance. Zhao Wang was overjoyed. He immediately named him Wu Anjun and got a seal. He has one hundred chariots, one thousand gorgeous packages, one hundred pairs of white jade and two hundred and two thousand gold coins. After the motorcade followed, he went to various countries to agree to unite and break up Lian Heng, so as to suppress Qiang Qin.
Therefore, when Su Qin became the prime minister of Zhao, Qin did not dare to send troops to Hanguguan. At that time, the whole world, many people, powerful princes and advisers had to listen to Su Qin alone to decide all policies. You don't have to spend a bucket of rations, commandeer a soldier, send a general, use a broken bow and throw an arrow, and the princes in the world live in harmony, even closer than brothers. This shows that as long as wise people are in power, the world will be obedient and stable; As long as such people are used properly, the world will obey the leadership and the court. Therefore, "to solve the problem by political means, it is not necessary to conquer everything by force; We should carefully plan and strategize in the imperial court, instead of going to the frontier to fight. "
When Su Qin was powerful and popular, he had 202,000 gold and silk for his use. The chariots and cavalry under his command are constantly connected, and wherever he goes, he looks majestic. The vassal States to the east of Yishan are all looking forward to his orders. Zhao's position is more and more respected. In fact, Su Qin is just a poor man, living in a mean alley, digging walls to make doors, cutting mulberry trees to make windows, and using bent wood to make doorframes. But now he often travels around the world in a luxurious four-horse chariot, riding a marooned horse, and talks about kings in the upper reaches of the courtiers' courts, so that his cronies dare not speak, and no one in the world dares to confront him.
Su Qin is going to lobby Chu Weiwang and pass by Luoyang. When parents learned about it, they quickly cleaned the room, cleaned the road, hired a band, prepared a banquet, and greeted them 30 miles away from the city. His wife was too awed to look him in the eye, squinted at his dignity and listened to him sideways; And eldest sister-in-law knelt on the ground and dared not stand up, crawling on the ground like a snake, repeatedly kowtowing to Su Qin. Su Qin asked, "Sister-in-law, why did you treat me like that before, but now you are so humble?" His sister-in-law replied, "Because you have high status and money." Su Qin sighed and said, "alas! If a person is poor, even his parents don't regard him as a son, but once he is rich and famous, his relatives and friends are afraid. This shows that when a person lives in the world, how can power and wealth be ignored! "