1. Nitrifying bacteria belong to autotrophic bacteria, including nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria. 2. Nitrite bacteria include bacteria belonging to Nitromonas, Nitrococcus and Spirillus, while nitrate bacteria include bacteria belonging to Nitrobacteria and Nitrococcus, both of which are obligate aerobic bacteria, and both use oxygen as the final electron acceptor in the oxidation process. 3. Nitrite bacteria can oxidize ammonia into nitrite, and nitrate bacteria can oxidize nitrite into nitric acid.

First, nitrifying bacteria are autotrophic or heterotrophic.

1. Nitrifying bacteria belong to autotrophic bacteria (prokaryotes), including two bacterial subgroups, namely nitrite bacteria (called ammonia-oxidizing bacteria) and nitrate bacteria (called nitrifying bacteria).

2. Nitrite bacteria include bacteria belonging to Nitromonas, Nitrococcus, Spirillum and Phyllanthus, while nitrate bacteria include bacteria belonging to Nitrobacteria, Nitrococcus and Nitrobacteria. Both fungi are obligate aerobic bacteria, and oxygen is the ultimate electron acceptor in the oxidation process.

3. Nitrite bacteria can oxidize ammonia into nitrite, and nitrate bacteria can oxidize nitrite into nitric acid. Both bacteria can get the energy needed for growth from the oxidation process, but the energy utilization rate is not high, so the growth rate is slow, and the average generation time (the time required for bacterial reproduction 1 generation) exceeds 10 hour.

4. Nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria usually live together, which makes the soil avoid the accumulation of nitrite and is beneficial to the normal growth of the body. Ammonia (or ammonium salt) in soil can only be transformed into nitrate under the joint action of these two bacteria, thus increasing the nitrogen nutrition available to plants.

Second, the role and use of nitrifying bacteria

1, function

(1) Purify water quality

Purifying water quality is the main function of nitrifying bacteria, so nitrifying bacteria can be used to purify water quality besides changing water, which can decompose some organic substances and remove impurities, thus improving water quality.

(2) reduce the ammonia concentration

When there is too much ammonia in the water, it will endanger the health of fish. At this time, the ammonia concentration can be reduced by using nitrifying bacteria.

(3) Balance microorganisms in water

The water quality of fish farming usually contains more bacteria, so it is necessary to keep the balance of microorganisms in the water, and this effect can be achieved by using nitrifying bacteria.

2. How to use it

(1) Add 10 ml nitrifying bacteria to 70 liters of water. 10 ml nitrifying bacteria can be added to 35 liters of water two weeks before the new fish tank, and put 1 time every seven days. After two weeks, it can be used according to the normal dosage.

(2) After adding nitrifying bacteria, the water temperature should be controlled at about 25℃, the PH value should be kept weakly alkaline, and there should be enough oxygen in the water to facilitate the reproduction of nitrifying bacteria.