Do you know the varieties of Chinese rose? Many people don't know the difference between roses and roses. This is a real rose. Flowers are smaller than roses, and their colors and varieties are monotonous. The most important thing is leaves. There are seven small leaves, which are deep, shiny, prickly and fragrant, only once a year. Roses and flowers, flowers and varieties are no different. Roses are usually planted as cash crops, extracting rose oil and essence or making scented tea. This is a rose. Usually buy potted vegetables are mostly roses, cut flowers are roses.
Can you write down the kinds of Chinese rose flowers? Chinese rose flowers are divided into colors: white, green, yellow, pink, red and purple, and those with many colors or stripes and spots. According to plant morphology, there are tall and straight plants and climbing roses with soft and long branches that grow on other things. According to the flowering situation: cultivate healthy flower varieties that bloom continuously in the open field from May to 65438+ 10 and bloom in the greenhouse all year round; There are two kinds that only bloom in spring and autumn; In another season, flowers only bloom once in spring. According to the origin of variety development, it can be divided into two categories: old-fashioned roses and modern roses. According to gardening classification, it can be divided into nine categories: rose, miniature rose, ten sister rose, multi-flowered rose, super-large multi-flowered rose, single-flowered rose, vine rose, tree rose and wild rose. Among them, the ten-sister type is the most common, and one plant can bloom for more than 50 times, with elegant fragrance and frequent blooming all the year round. A single flower is large, characterized by a huge flower shape, and the diameter of each flower can reach 20 cm; The petals are plump, colorful and fragrant, which is the most popular. The varieties of Chinese rose mainly include edible rose, vine rose (CI series), big-flowered perfume rose (cut rose is mainly big-flowered perfume rose) (HT series), rich rose (F/FI series), miniature rose (Min series), tree-shaped rose (Gr series), shrub rose (sh series) and ground cover rose (Gc series).
Do you have this kind of Aphrodite rose? Aphrodite knows.
Ask for the variety and use of Chinese rose, and ask for a picture of Chinese rose, the queen of flowers.
Scientific name: Chinese rose
English name: Rose
Alias: Catharanthus roseus, Moon Red, Bean Snow Red, Thin Guest.
Family and genus: Rosaceae
Morphological description
Rose is a thorny shrub, or it is tendril-like and climbing. Evergreen or deciduous shrubs, erect, with spiny or spiny stems, some almost spineless. Branchlets are green, with 3-5(7) leaflets, most of which are pinnately compound leaves, broadly ovoid or ovoid oblong, 2.5-6 cm long, sharp tips, serrated leaves, hairless and smooth on both sides; Stipules and petioles are connate, entire or glandular toothed, and the tips are separated into spikes. Flowers are often clustered, rare and solitary, with many colors and colors, 4-5 cm in diameter, mostly double and single petals; Sepals caudate, long pointed, with pinnate lobes at the edge; Style separation, extending out of calyx tube mouth, equal to stamens; Each ovary 1 ovule. The fruit is ovoid or pear-shaped, with a length of 1-2 cm and sepals falling off. Flowering: April-June 5438+1October.
Place of production
Rosaceae plants are native to the northern hemisphere, almost all over Asia and Europe, and China is one of the origins of Chinese rose. As for the modern Chinese rose, the blood relationship is extremely complicated.
Roses are also the city flowers of Beijing, Tianjin, Anqing, Tianshui, Zhengzhou, Jiaozuo, Huaiyin, Jinzhou, Langfang, Loudi, Nanchang, Pingdingshan, Shashi, Sanmenxia, Suizhou, Xingtai, Shangqiu, Yichang, Taizhou, yingtan, Weihai, Zhumadian and Xinxiang.
Edit this part of variety evolution:
Breeding and variety evolution: The process of seasonal breeding and variety evolution is divided into three independent periods. The breeding methods in these three periods are relatively different, but the theme of breeding is gene change, which is the same. These three periods are divided as follows:
1, early (prehistoric-1875)
2. Modern (1875- 1967)
3. Modern (1967-)
In the first period, which lasted about 5000 years, by 1875, Mendel published his famous law of hybrid inheritance, and people's breeding of rose also developed into directional hybrid breeding. Since then, most rose breeders have considered the breeding problem from the perspective of Mendel's genetic law or quality inheritance, while quantitative inheritance or weighted genetic behavior was rarely known or used in breeding at that time.
The outline of the first rose breeding is as follows:
1. People collected many varieties of roses and planted them all together.
2. In the second period, only a few species contributed to the propagation of roses.
3. Intraspecific hybridization is a natural process.
4. New varieties only come from natural pollination.
5. Rose breeding is concentrated in Western Europe and America.
6. The natural evolution trend is from diploid to tetraploid.
7. Form an original huge gene pool.
8. Domestication reduces genetic resources.
9. Infer the rose varieties before 1875.
The second phase begins with the application of directional technology and ends with 1967. Since 1967, molecular biology technology has been applied to Chinese rose. This period lasted for 90 years.
The third phase began at 1967 and lasted for more than 30 years.
The beginning of Chinese rose breeding: Early gardeners chose fine varieties from wild Chinese roses and planted them together. In very early prehistoric times, China, Persia, the two river basins, Egypt, Greece and Italy planted several or several domesticated Chinese roses, which was much earlier than the first year of AD. In ancient gardening, it is not clear whether Chinese rose is propagated by seeds or asexually. However, in more than 5000 years, a large number of new varieties have appeared through sowing seeds obtained by natural pollination.
The domestication of varieties and the generation of intraspecific hybrids are a long process, some unsatisfactory primitive types are abandoned, asexual propagation technology is developed, and the progress of domestication is accelerated. Through the introduction of travelers and variety replacement, gardeners have gained new genetic resources (the genetic changes of any domesticated species are not great). Early breeders knew that planting a variety together with other varieties would have a great influence on future generations, and at the same time kept a lot of information produced by the female parent and new varieties, so that we could confirm the evolution process of some varieties. However, breeders at that time still didn't know that paternal characteristics would be passed on to the next generation through pollination. At that time, some diploid varieties evolved into tetraploid varieties. The main varieties of modern Chinese rose are almost tetraploid. It is worth noting that in some varieties that continue to bloom, the viability increases with the increase of ploidy. If we know this knowledge early, it may arouse the interest of early breeders in cultivating new tetraploid varieties from diploids.
Rose originated in China plays a greater role in the cultivation of new varieties of roses in western Europe than any other kind of roses. It has brought the phenomenon of continuous flowering and shrubs to new varieties, which is still unknown. There is also the wild rose, which is also an important parent, and it brings the characteristics of Umbelliferae to the rose.
In the second period, the study of biomolecules got unprecedented development. However, there is not much scientific research on Chinese rose, as can be seen from the past two magazines, Plant Breeding and Horticultural Abstracts. Among them, there are few articles about rose in thousands of documents every year. The scientific research on rose mainly focuses on taxonomic cytology, physiology, morphology, growth conditions, varieties and rootstocks. The goal of breeding research is to inherit traits, simplify cross breeding procedures, and improve direct selection rate and indirect selection rate. There is little research on low-energy consumption and insect-resistant varieties, which lags far behind fruit trees. For example, almost all breeding work is confined to universities or research institutes.
In the second period, there were two major discoveries. First, continuous flowering and breeding of large-flowered varieties, which was selected by Pinet in 1900. It marks the first success of directional breeding of interspecific hybridization of Chinese rose.
The second major achievement is to cultivate an ancient stocky variety "pompon de paris", which was rediscovered in Switzerland in 1920 and is now named R. Roulettii Correvon, which is the origin of some modern miniature roses.
At the beginning of the second phase, people found a large number of genotypes of Chinese rose. Faced with numerous genetic resources, the breeders in the second phase seized the opportunity, some parents were chosen to keep and some were abandoned, the hybrid breeding technology was further developed, and indoor hybrid breeding began. Many different original parents can cross each other, and as a result, the original clear boundaries between different species disappear.
In 1930s, roses were divided into greenhouse roses and open roses. Encouraged by the demand for two varieties, breeders began to cultivate varieties suitable for their specific environment. Nowadays, breeders mainly focus on the first variety, because the quality of greenhouse varieties is 3-5 times that of open-field varieties, which makes greenhouse varieties particularly eye-catching. Because there are still abundant genetic resources among varieties, breeders have been quite successful in the breeding of the two species. Gradually cultivated some varieties suitable for greenhouse production, including some small flowers, medium flowers and large flowers.
Generally speaking, there is no difference in breeding methods between greenhouse roses and open roses. When it comes to methods or breeding plans, breeders mostly use negative methods to select their seedlings. During the selection process, about 99% of the seedlings were eliminated. This method of strict selection among tens of thousands of seedlings every year lasted for nearly 100 years, which inevitably led to serious gene loss. To make matters worse, almost every breeder chooses the same shape, so the same selection criteria are applied.
In the modern rose population, these varieties not only adapt to the greenhouse environment, but also have similarities and differences in habits. Varieties with the same color often show the same bud shape, flower pattern, flower size, number of petals, and the same flower branch length and prickliness. If the appearance quality is improved, the internal quality may not necessarily be improved (the internal quality includes vitality, adaptability to low-energy environment, vase life and pest resistance). The internal quality of the rose varieties bred in the second stage is quite poor, because the internal quality is not the breeding goal and is often ignored by breeders.
Regarding the appearance quality, most breeders think that the consistency of seedlings is the result of their hard work-whether the result is popular or not. For rose, some limited germplasm resources are needed to pass on some special characters to future generations. When the number of parents is large, these special traits will be integrated into the offspring, which is a headache for breeders, because it means that a new variety has several common ancestors, which is not desirable. They complain that "the number of seedlings must be increased every year to find good varieties" and "the chances of finding good varieties are getting less and less". People have different opinions about the reasons for this situation in Chinese rose, and later people think it is the result of the joint action of many factors.
Modern stage of Chinese rose breeding: 1967, British Hale successfully induced embryos from human cells with vine hybrid tea trees as experimental materials, indicating that molecular biology technology has been successfully applied to Chinese rose breeding. Since then, people have begun to apply modern molecular biology technology to breeding, with the key content as follows: introducing genes that are conducive to changing internal quality.
Edit the morphological characteristics of this paragraph
Roses are evergreen or deciduous shrubs with green branchlets, scattered thorns and almost no thorns. Most leaves are pinnately compound, with 3-5 leaflets, ovoid or ovoid, 2-6 cm long, serrated leaves, glabrous and smooth on both sides, and stipules and petioles are United. Peanuts are at the top of branches, and flowers are often clustered, rare and solitary, and there are many colors. There are thousands of varieties, most of which are double petals or single petals. These flowers are slightly fragrant. The flowering period is April-10, with the most flowering in spring. The fleshy rose fruit is red and yellow when it matures, and the top is cracked. "Seeds" are achenes and chestnut brown.
How to distinguish different varieties of Chinese rose? How to distinguish different varieties of Chinese rose?
Roses are evergreen or deciduous shrubs with green branchlets, scattered thorns and almost no thorns. 5, alternate, odd (odd) pinnate compound leaves, leaflets generally 3-5, oval or oval, 2-6 cm long, serrated leaves, glabrous on both sides, smooth, stipules and petioles united. Peanuts are at the top of branches, and flowers are often clustered, rare and solitary, and there are many colors. There are thousands of varieties, most of which are double petals or single petals. These flowers are slightly fragrant. The flowering period is April-10, with the most flowering in spring. The fleshy rose fruit is red and yellow when it matures, and the top is cracked. "Seeds" are achenes and chestnut brown.
Which market of rose varieties has a better response? How to buy rose varieties? Although the qualification of Chinese rose is not old, it has risen rapidly in recent years. It is said that there are tens of thousands of varieties, and even experts who specialize in research may not know all the varieties, let alone ordinary users. Roses originated in China and later came to foreign countries. Classification has changed many times since the return. At present, it is more popular to classify according to the general scope of use, including cut flowers, big flowers, Fenghua series, vine series, miniature series and ground cover series. In fact, the cut flower series is separated from the big flower series. The difference is that the stems of cut flowers are longer, and the ground cover series is also vines, but the vines are shorter. Fenghua series has developed rapidly, mainly used for road and plate decoration, mainly showing a neat and consistent group effect. Large flowers are usually used for home cultivation to appreciate the continuous interest of a single flower. Miniature roses are suitable for potted plants, and vine roses are often used in combination with modeling. Design and color are still relatively rich, except for real black and blue, green is less, and there are almost all kinds of main colors and transition colors.
Because of the different use areas and preferences, it is best to choose the type you like, but there is a lot of room for choice.
How many kinds of Chinese roses do you know? There are more than 20,000 varieties in the world today.
Colors are: white, yellow, red, purple, green, orange, pink, blue, bicolor, composite color and so on.
According to the tree style, modern Chinese roses are generally divided into sparse branches and high elongation types, dense branches and low clumps types and lianas (semi-lianas) types. The first two kinds of flowers bloom all the year round, with many varieties, rich colors and most of them are fragrant; There are not many varieties of vines, most of which are in one or two seasons, and some of them are aromatic.
What is it like to sneak a shot of the Chinese rose on the roadside? Chinese rose flowers like light and drought, and water less. Just put them in a bright place on the balcony. It is better to cultivate the soil.
What kind of Chinese rose smells better? There is a husky dog in my shop. . The customer said it smelled. . I wonder what it smells like. My family and I can't smell it. Is there any way to make the house fragrant? I tried it, and so did perfume. The effect is not good. It tastes wrong. . I wonder if the Chinese rose will have any effect. They sell Chinese roses in their shop, but there are too many varieties. I don't know which smells best. I hope everyone can take a look at it for me. Is the redder the more fragrant? Rose, can you make a room of 60 square meters full of fragrance? Satisfied with the answer, I asked my friend 20 10-04- 14. By the way, the large Chinese rose flower asked beautifully: How many flowers do you need to smell all over the room? Party 60 replied: I once saw Chinese rose flowers in a middle school, including blue, red, yellow, green and pink. I don't remember them. They are the residence of school teachers. I haven't seen them for years. I really want to ask him for flowers myself. The fragrance of flowers won't last long. Plant a tree for a few years, and it will be full of flowers, and the fragrance will be enough. Follow-up: Thank you. Whether it works or not. It's also good to buy some trees and put them in the store. . Thank you. The questioner's testimony: thank you, whether it is useful or not. .