In order to learn
This article is selected from the anthology of Baihetang, originally titled "A Learning Son and Nephew".
[Qing] Peng Duanshu Zi Lezhai was born in Dan Ling (present-day Sichuan) in the Qing Dynasty1699-about 1779, a writer in the Qing Dynasty. Peng Duanshu, the word Lezhai, is the first musical instrument. In the thirty-eighth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1699), he paid attention to revitalizing education, cultivating talents and rectifying official management. After 20 years' resignation, he returned to Sichuan and served as a lecturer and dean of Jinjiang Academy for 20 years, bringing up a large number of outstanding talents such as Li, Zhang Chuan Shan and so on. Together with Li, Li and Li, they are also known as the three gifted scholars in Sichuan in the Qing Dynasty. He is the author of Collection of White Crane Hall and Learning (meaning learning). The original title is "Showing a Son and Nephew to Learn". Eighty-one-year-old, died in Baihetang, a southern suburb of Chengdu.
[Edit this paragraph] Overview
It belongs to the sixth lesson of the compulsory education curriculum standard experimental textbook, the twenty-eighth lesson of the first semester of sixth grade Chinese published by Shanghai Education Publishing House, and the sixth book of sixth grade published by Shandong Education Publishing House. The original title is "Showing a Son and a Nephew to Learn", which is selected from Collected Works of Baihetang and Selected Works of Past Dynasties (published by People's Education Publishing House) and partially abridged. Lesson 22 "For learning" in the first volume of Grade 7 Chinese of Hebei Education Press.
Original text:
How difficult is it in the world? For it, it is easy and difficult; If you don't do it, it's hard for easy people. Is it difficult for people to learn? Learned, difficult people will be easy; If you don't learn, it will be difficult for easy people.
There are two monks in Shu: one is poor and the other is rich. The poor man said to the rich man, "What do I want in the South China Sea?"
The rich man said, "Why should I go?"
Yue: "I have a bottle and a bowl."
The rich man said, "I have always wanted to buy a boat for many years, but I have never been able to buy it." Why should I go? "
The next year, the poor will come back from the South China Sea to tell the rich. The rich are ashamed.
I don't know how many miles it takes to go to the South China Sea in Xishu, but rich monks can't go and poor monks can't go. People's aspirations are not as good as humble monks. Therefore, intelligence and sensitivity can be held but not held; It is self-defeating to be smart and sensitive without learning. Confusion and mediocrity can be limited but not limited; Don't limit yourself to mediocrity. People who are tireless in machinery are also self-reliant.
Full text:
In order to learn
[Qing] Peng Duanshu
How difficult is it in the world? For it, it is easy and difficult; If you don't do it, it's hard for easy people. Is it difficult for people to learn? Learned, difficult people will be easy; If you don't learn, it will be difficult for easy people.
I am stupid, I can't catch people, I am incompetent, I can't catch people; Learn once and for a long time, but don't be lazy, you will achieve it, but you don't know its vagueness and mediocrity. I am smart, I am smart, I am smart, I am smart; Abandoning it is tantamount to fainting and mediocrity. The way of being a saint was handed down by Lu. However, it is useless to be stupid and clever.
There are two monks in Shu: one is poor and the other is rich. The poor man said to the rich man, "What do I want in the South China Sea?" The rich man said, "Why should I go?" Yue: "I have a bottle and a bowl." The rich man said, "I have always wanted to buy a boat for many years, but I have never been able to buy it." Why go! "In the second year, the poor will come back from the South China Sea to tell the rich, and the rich will be ashamed. I don't know how many miles it takes to get to the South China Sea in West Shu, but neither can rich monks nor poor people. People's aspirations are not as good as humble monks.
Therefore, cleverness and sensitivity can be relied on, but they cannot be relied on; It is self-defeating to rely on its cleverness and sensitivity without learning. Confusion and mediocrity can be limited but not limited; Those who are restless in lethargy and mediocrity and tireless in machinery are also self-reliant.
[Edit this paragraph] Translation
Is there a difference between hard and easy things in the world? If you do this, the difficult things will become easy; If you don't do it, simple things will become difficult. Is there a difference between learning difficultly and learning easily? After learning, so difficult things become easy; If you don't study, the easy things will become difficult.
There are two monks in the remote part of Sichuan (now the border of Sichuan), one is poor and the other is rich. The poor monk said to the rich monk, "I want to go to the South China Sea. How about it? "
The rich monk said, "Why did you go?"
The poor monk said, "One bottle and one bowl of rice is enough."
The rich monk said, "For many years, I've always wanted to rent a boat and go downstream to the South China Sea, but I haven't been successful!" " What makes you go! "
The next year, the poor monk came back from the South China Sea and told the rich monk what he had seen. The rich monk's face showed shame.
The remote areas of Sichuan are thousands of miles away from the South China Sea, but rich monks can get in touch with poor monks. People who are determined to study are not as good as poor monks in Sichuan.
Therefore, intelligence can be relied on or not; Those who rely on their own cleverness and agility but don't study hard ruin themselves. Ignorance and mediocrity can restrict people but not people; Those who are not limited by their ignorance and mediocrity, but study diligently will succeed by their own efforts.
[Edit this paragraph] Explanation of words:
Study: study, research.
1。 One: It refers to what is happening in the world.
Also: also.
Yi: Right.
Then: then.
Things ...; those ...
2. One: meaningless, the abolition of sentence independence.
3. One: It refers to learning.
4. Yes.
It means: a remote place.
Language: say "desire", tell and talk to each other. ...
Y: right.
Desire: want, think.
Step 5: Go ...
What, what, what?
Mr. Hu: What?
Bowl: a Buddhist vessel for holding food.
Foot: that's enough
Buy: hire.
Buy a boat: rent a boat
Down: Go south, down the Yangtze River, down the river.
And: Come back.
Next year: the second year.
From: From.
Shame: the expression of shame.
Go: distance.
Yes: yes
C: On the contrary.
Yan: an auxiliary word to strengthen the tone.
Yes, it means rhetorical tone, which is equivalent to "horse".
Rely on: rely on, rely on, rely on.
Buy a boat: rent a boat.
As a preposition, it is equivalent to "ba", "na" and "Jiang".
Jude: Still, still.
To: Arrive.
Significance: This story tells us that only by setting goals and working hard to achieve them can we succeed. Subjective efforts are the key to success or failure. Man can conquer nature, and everything depends on man. People should take a long-term view, not always.
About the understanding of "I have a bottle and a bowl" in the article: two ones indicate that the poor have extremely low material requirements, and one "foot" indicates his firm confidence in overcoming difficulties, and indicates the courage of the poor to make progress and realize their lofty ideals in the face of difficulties, as well as their fearless strong will and spirit of daring to practice.
Technique: The author takes "the poor" and "the rich" as examples, and adopts a comparative technique. This text is to show that the key to learning is hard work and firm belief. You are determined, you depend on people, and you are determined to do it.
[Edit this paragraph] Author information
Peng Duanshu (about 1699—— about 1779), male, No.1, Lezhai, was born in Shanling, Sichuan. He was a famous writer in Sichuan in Qing Dynasty. He, together with Li, Li and Li, are also known as the three gifted scholars in Sichuan in the Qing Dynasty, and he wrote poems of Baihetang.
Peng Duanshu was clever since he was a child, and he could write at the age of ten. He and his younger brothers Peng and Peng Zunlu were "mentors" at the foot of weizi and studied hard for six years. His later achievements depend not on innate talent, but mainly on acquired efforts. He once wrote a famous essay "Show your sons and nephews for learning", saying that there are two monks in Sichuan, one is poor and the other is rich. The poor monk said to the rich monk, "I want to make a pilgrimage to the South China Sea." The rich monk asked, "Why did you go?" The poor monk replied, "I take a bottle and a bowl." The rich monk said, "I've wanted to rent a boat for several years, but it hasn't come true so far." Why do you go! " The next year, the poor monk came back from the South China Sea and told the rich monk. The rich monk was deeply ashamed. This story vividly and concisely discusses the difficulty of doing anything, the dialectical relationship between subjectivity and objectivity, and especially emphasizes that they can be transformed, and the condition for transformation is people's subjective spirit of hard work and tenacious struggle. It was from the ascetic that Peng Duanshu realized the universal truth. Therefore, the work is very hard. He said, "How difficult is it in the world? For it, it is easy and difficult; If you don't do it, it's hard for easy people. Is it difficult for people to learn? Learned, difficult people will be easy; If you don't learn, it's easy and difficult. "
During his tenure as an official, Peng Duanshu made every effort to make progress, determined to promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages, reported to the court, and calmed the people's hearts, instead of doing nothing all his life. However, at that time, the Qing dynasty had already entered the DPRK. During the Qianlong period, the people were extremely rich, and the economy and culture also showed a prosperous scene. Class contradictions, ethnic contradictions and struggles within the ruling class became increasingly acute and complicated. In the process of serving as an official for many years, Peng Duanshu saw the social reality that people's livelihood was difficult under the surface prosperity of the Qing Dynasty, the intrigue in the officialdom, the ambition and success of the supreme ruler, and gradually bred a kind of resentment and melancholy, and the thought of passive seclusion gradually developed. On the way to supervise the transportation of Dashi to western Guangdong, he slipped and fell into the water. Although he survived, he thought it was a sign of impending disaster. He sighed: "If people are not satisfied with their career, they should be condemned. Who will squeeze them? " ! I won't be buried in the belly of a fish today, the sky is thicker than mine. What can I expect? "Guangdong resigned and returned to Shu.
After returning to Shu, he became the bishop of Jinjiang Academy and began his lifelong teaching and educating career. Jinjiang Academy is the highest institution of learning at the provincial level established by Liu, the provincial judge of Sichuan Province, on the former site of Wengshi Poetry in Chengdu in the 43rd year of Kangxi (1704). Students are selected from scholars and above in the province. The tuition and living expenses of students are provided by the school land allocated by the Qing government. There are about 200 students in the school. Li Tiaoyuan, a famous scholar, was a student of this school. After giving lectures at Jinjiang College in Peng Duanshu, he devoted himself to teaching and educating people with his extensive knowledge in his later years. At this time, he was extremely tired of his official career, and even regretted his passion for fame and fortune, and he accidentally went astray. He said in the poem "Send Zhong Yin": "Tired donkeys disappear from the sun and the moon, and poor officials last a long time; "Away from the land, Hongyan swims across the sea." Until he died of old age, Peng Duanshu devoted the last twenty years of his life to the cultural and educational undertakings in Sichuan. He clearly recorded in the poem "Cold Food in the 1898 Movement": "Jinjiang is twenty years late, and cold food is well known." This vividly describes the time and mood of his speech in the college.
Peng Duanshu devoted himself to poetry all his life, and he always insisted on being a "poet". Wei, the literary left and history are all extremely subtle. "But on the road of literature, he had a tortuous experience. He said in the preface of "Poems Written by Baihetang in His Later Years": "I spent my whole life trying to make sense. Forty years is ancient prose, five years is a collection, and nearly fifty years is poetry, which has been 25 years. " "Righteousness control" is human shares. Visible, Peng Duanshu before the age of fifty, mainly devoted to stereotyped writing and ancient prose. Although he was "proficient in ancient prose", he dared not and could not "make mistakes" under the pressure of the autocratic rule of the Qing court and the "literary inquisition". The eight-part essay that bound his thoughts also hindered his development in literature. It was not until he was nearly fifty years old that some of his works showed the spirit of radical progress. A profound and stable trend is inspiring and instructive.
Peng Duanshu's experience as an official made him deeply understand the reality of people's livelihood, so he expressed full sympathy for poor farmers in his poems. Whenever there is a poor harvest in famine years and the hungry people have no clothes or food, he is always worried. He wrote angrily in the poem "Summer Town": "Su Gui is like a pearl, and it was flooded the next year. Men and women are more pigeon-shaped, and fish and shrimp are really life. " In the poem July 16th, I also expressed my deep admiration for the poor farmers who have worked hard for many years.
Peng Duanshu's landscape poems are very sentimental. For example, "Qingming Festival" written by Jinjiang Spring: "Stepping out of Guo Xixing is a thrilling festival. Flowers can eat cold rain, and old cuckoos sing in spring. Every village is beautiful and full of new smoke. Jincheng has good scenery and no nostalgia. " If it weren't for a few trips to the suburbs of Chengdu in spring, how could such a sentimental poem not be realized?
Peng Duanshu wrote many works in his life, but unfortunately, many of them have been lost. He and his brothers Peng and Peng Zunling were once * * people in Beijing, and they were all famous for their writings at that time. For a time, they were called "Shan Ling Peng San". Of course, among the "Three Pengs", Peng Duanshu is the most famous and influential. There are Collected Works of Baihetang, Poems on Snowy Nights, Poems in Later Years, etc.
Peng Duanshu lived for eighty-one years and was buried in Luojiashan, a public welfare field in pengshan county. This is still a graveyard.
[Edit this paragraph] I. Original text
At the beginning, Sun Quan said to Lv Meng, "You are in charge now, not to study!" ! "Lv Mengyong army has all kinds of excuses. Quan said, "Do you want to study Confucian classics as a doctor's evil? "? But when you dabble, look over. Too much talk, who is lonely? I often study alone, which I think is of great benefit. "Monroe began to learn.
After Lu Su visited Yang, he consulted with Meng and said in great shock, "You are a talented person, not a martial monk!" Lv Meng said: "The upright people have been watching for a few days. You know how late it is when you look at something so late." Lu Su met Lu Meng's mother and became friends with Lu Meng.
(The original text has no punctuation marks. Punctuation marks are added for future generations. )
[Edit this paragraph] 2. words explanation
1. Selected from Tongzhi Jian (Zhonghua Book Company, 1957 edition), Volume 66, titled by the editor. Zi Tong Zhi Jian is a general history compiled by Sima Guang, which records the historical events from the Warring States Period to the Five Dynasties *** 1362. Sima Guang (10 19— 1086) was a politician and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty.
2, the beginning: the beginning, then.
3. Right: refers to Sun Quan (182—252), a native of Fuchun (now Fuyang, Zhejiang), and Wu Jun, the founder of the State of Wu in the Three Kingdoms period.
5. Qing: Ancient monarchs treated ministers or friends, especially posthumous title.
6. Power: Power means power. Tu Li tong Tao. Be in charge of affairs.
7. Resignation: Rejection.
8. business: business.
9. Loneliness: the idea of ancient princes.
10, Confucian classics: Confucian classics. Classics: refers to the Book of Changes, Poems, Books, Spring and Autumn Annals, The Book of Rites and other books.
1 1. Doctor: the name of an ancient scholar.
14, dabble in: browse widely.
15, looking over: understanding history. I see, I see.
16, yes: so, just.
17 and: It should be ...
18, crossing: arriving.
19, and: wait until
20. Xunyang: County name, now southwest of Huangmei, Hubei.
2 1. Talent and strategy: military or political talent and strategy.
22, not complicated: no longer.
23. More: Come again
24. Scratch each other's eyes: look at each other with different eyes. Scrape one's eyes
25. Big Brother: Big Brother, this is a courtesy title for elders of the same generation.
26, see things: recognize things. See: recognize and recognize.
27. but: only, only.
28. Ruoruo: Which one is like it?
Say: Say to ... ...
30. just: engage in
3 1, Sui: So, just
32. Say goodbye to three days: ambitious people are separated for a few days. Three: a few days,
33. why
34. Monroe (178-2 19): Zi Ming, a great general of Wu in the Three Kingdoms period, once killed Guan Yu.
35. Ear: Tonger, modal particle, that's all.
36. Wu Xia: It refers to the State of Wu, now Suzhou, Jiangsu.
37. Mr. Hu: Why?
Nye: So, just
Start: start
And: and.
Discussion: discussion
Discussion: discussion
Big: Very, very.
Surprise: surprise
Today: Now
Interviewer: Used after time words, without translation.
Answer: once again
Namely: justice
Mr. Hu: Why?
Goodbye: visit.
Sui: So, just
Just: near
1 common words
Qing Jin is in charge of painting: connecting "Tao" with Tao.
Evil (yé): "ye", modal particle, rhetorical question.
Word 2 is a polysemous word.
When: But when dabbling (auxiliary verb, should)
Dangtu is in charge (verb: positive)
3 Different meanings of ancient and modern times
Doctor: a scholar who specializes in teaching Confucian classics in ancient times. Today, a degree.
Past: ancient: refers to history. Today: a thing of the past
And: wait until ...
Big: Very, very.
What: You don't want it?
Just: intention is to rely on, this is to do.
Shi: the general term for characters.
Read this article first: Understanding.
The second view: recognize things clearly.
Pass: to arrive at, pass by
[Edit this paragraph] III. translate
At first, Sun Quan said to Lv Meng, "You are in charge of state affairs now, so you have to study!" Lv Meng rejected Sun Quan's persuasion by many military means. Sun Quan said, "I don't want you to be a learned scholar, but you should read widely and understand the past history. You said there was a lot of military affairs. What about someone like me? I often read books and feel that I have many benefits. " So Lumeng began to read.
When Lu Su went to Xunyang to discuss things, he was surprised and said, "You are a resourceful man now, not the old Amon under Wu!" Lu Meng said: "In a few days, ambitious people will look at each other with new eyes. Why did big brother see things change so late? " Then Lu Su met Monroe's mother and made friends with Monroe to say goodbye.
[Edit this paragraph] 4. Brief introduction of the author
Sima Guang (10 19— 1086), a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. Xia County, Shaanxi Province (now Xia County, Shanxi Province) is known as "Mr. Su Shui". In the last years of Baoyuan Jinshi Renzong, he was appointed to Tianzhangge as a lecturer and remonstrator. He was determined to compile general records as a reference for feudal rule. In the third year of Zhiping (1066), it was written in eight volumes from the Warring States to the Qin Dynasty. Yingzong ordered a bureau to continue to repair. Zong Shen gave it the name "Purple Tongzhi Sword". When Wang Anshi adopted the New Deal, he strongly opposed it and argued with Wang Anshi in front of the emperor, emphasizing that the laws of his ancestors could not be changed. He was appointed as the deputy special envoy of the Committee, but he refused to resign. In the third year of Xining (1070), he became known as Yongxing Army (now Xi City, Shaanxi Province). The following year, he retired to Luoyang and continued to compile Tong Jian, which was completed in the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084). From the beginning to the last edition, he wrote it himself. In the eighth year of Yuanfeng, Zhezong ascended the throne, and the Empress Dowager listened to politics and called her to Beijing to preside over state affairs. The following year, he served as a servant and assistant minister of Shangshu. A few months later, he abolished the new law and ousted the new party. In order to die for eight months, Wen Guogong was hunted down. He is the author of Sima Zheng Wen Gong Ji and Giguru.
[Edit this paragraph] V. Teaching Reference of People's Education Press
1, overall grasp
This article is adapted from previous history books. Because the previous history books have been recorded in detail and there is no new historical data to supplement them, this paper rewrites the relevant records of the previous history books according to the principle of ellipsis. Compared with the words quoted by Pei Songzhi in The Story of the Three Kingdoms and Wu Mengchuan, this article is only 1 19. Although extremely simple, it is well cut, which not only retains the essence of the original text and the integrity of the story, but also highlights the elegance of the characters with a more refined style. This is a successful rewrite.
This article is about Monroe's "beginner" under Sun Quan's persuasion, and soon her talent was amazing, which made Lu Su gasp in admiration and make friends with him. It can be divided into two layers: one is to write Sun Quan's "Persuade Learning" and Lu Meng's "Start Reading"; Later, Lu Su wrote "Discussion with Mongolia" and "Make Friends and Leave".
The notes in this article are concise, and the full text only includes two parts: Sun Quan's Persuasion and Lu Su's Discussion with Meng, that is, explain the cause of the matter first, and then write the result, instead of how to learn and how to improve your talent. The result of writing is not directly about how Monroe studied and succeeded, but vividly expressed through the dialogue between Lu Su and Monroe. When writing about Sun Quan's surrender, he focused on Sun Quan's words to show his good surrender, ignoring Lv Meng's dialogue, writing about Monroe's reaction with only one sentence "I resigned myself to doing more in the army" and writing about Monroe's acceptance of surrender with only one sentence "I started studying in Mongolia". Writing Lu Su's "Meeting with Meng Yi" focuses on their witty questions and answers to show the amazing progress of Monroe's talent, but omits the content of their "discussion" and ends with the sentence "Su Sui, the mother of Paimon, made friends and left".
2. Research on the problem
1. How does this article express the characters through dialogue?
This paper focuses on expressing characters through dialogue. The dialogue is concise, vivid and interesting. A few words can make people feel the tone, expression and psychology of the three characters when they speak.
Sun Quan advised him to study, and first pointed out to Lv Meng the necessity of "learning", that is, because of his important position as a servant, he had to study. Then he appeared and pointed out the possibility of "learning". So that Monroe could not refuse, "this is the beginning of learning." From Sun Quan's words, we can not only see his good words, but also feel his closeness, concern and expectation to Lv Meng, without losing his status as a master. "To be a talented person in today's life, you have to admire". It can be seen that Lu Su was surprised. In his eyes, Monroe has changed a lot, which shows that Monroe has made incredible and amazing progress because of "learning". It should be pointed out that Lu Su is not only superior to Monroe, but also knowledgeable. What he said can show that Monroe's progress is really extraordinary. "Don't say goodbye for three days, when you treat each other, why is it too late for Big Brother to see things?" This is Monroe's ingenious response to Lu Su's admiration. "Three days" is a short time. "Shaving your eyes" means wiping your eyes to show your surprise and disbelief. Besides, he loves talents very much. From Lu Meng's answer, we can see that he is quite complacent. His well-deserved calm attitude shows that he has made great progress. Sun Quan's words are exhortation, while Lu Su's and Monroe's words are ridicule, with different moods.
In this paper, Lu Su and Monroe laughed and joked with each other, showing their true temperament and harmonious relationship, showing Monroe's "learning" under Sun Quan's persuasion, and showing Monroe's achievements and vivid pen and ink in learning, which is the most exciting part of the whole paper.
2. Why did Lu Su "make friends" with Monroe?
The article ends with "Su Sui, the mother of Paimon, made friends and left". Lu Su took the initiative to "make friends" with Monroe because Lu Su was impressed by Monroe's talent and was willing to make friends with him. This shows that Lu Su respects and loves talents, and they are congenial. This last stroke is the aftertaste of Lu Su's "Discussion with Meng", which further shows the amazing progress of Monroe's talent from the side.
On the other hand, it is not difficult for us to understand why Lu Su "made friends" when Monroe "had to go back to becoming a monk in Wu". Is there no social reason? When you have talent and knowledge, you can see that this person will definitely make great achievements in the future. Why not make friends early now and take care of each other later? It seems that a person doesn't have many friends, and it is still very important whether you have "use value"!
3. Practice notes
First of all, read the text carefully and think about what the change of Lu Meng has inspired you.
The purpose of setting the topic is to make students understand the content of the text and be inspired by it.
Read the text aloud and pay attention to the tone expressed by the words added in the following sentences.
The purpose of the topic is to let students know the mood expressed by several modal particles in the text. Modal words in classical Chinese play an important role in expressing feelings and meanings, and they are numerous and flexible in usage, so we should pay attention to accumulating them at any time in the process of learning classical Chinese. The usage of modal particles in classical Chinese should be understood by reading aloud.
1. Lonely, do you want to be a doctor?
Evil: a rhetorical tone, equivalent to "horse"
But when you dabble, you can see the past.
Ear: it means restrictive mood, which can be translated as "just"
3. Brother, why is it too late?
Almost: expressing an exclamation tone is equivalent to "ah"
[Edit this paragraph] VI. relevant information
About Lu Su
Lu Su (172~2 17), a famous politician, diplomat and strategist in Dongwu during the Three Kingdoms period, is about 1.8 meters tall today, Han nationality, living in Dongcheng (now Sihong lin huai zhen, Jiangsu). He is not only good at running the army, but also thoughtful and insightful. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms portrays him as a honest man, but ignores his talents, which is wrong.
Lu Su's father died when he was born, and he lived with his grandmother. Lu Su's family is extremely rich, but because no one in his ancestors was an official, although Lu Su's family is rich, it does not belong to the gentry class, but is only an aristocratic family with certain influence in the local area. According to the examination, Lu Su was handsome, ambitious and ingenious when he was young, and he loved fencing, riding and shooting. Lu Su is good at giving to others. Because of his rich family, he often calls teenagers together to talk about military training and martial arts. On sunny days, people go hunting in Nanshan (now known as Xuyi, Jiangsu), and on rainy days, people get together to practice martial arts.
Biography of the Three Kingdoms and Biography of Pei Songzhi's Notes and Citations on the River Table.
Biography of the Three Kingdoms, Wu Zhi and Monroe: "Lu Su took the place of Zhou Yu, and passed through Mengtun. Su Yi is still ignorant, or Su said,' General Lu's fame is becoming more and more obvious. You shouldn't treat him deliberately, but you should take care of him. I went to Yimeng. Meng drank too much and asked Sue, "You have a heavy responsibility and a close relationship with Guan Yu. "What are you going to do," Su Zao Times should say, "temporary charity." Meng said, "Although this matter is the same, Guan Yu is a tiger or a bear. Is it necessary to plan for safety? Because of the five strategies. Sue went to the table, patted him on the back and said, I don't know what you are capable of. So Paimon's mother made friends and left. When Quan said Meng, Jiang Qin said,' Your Majesty is in charge now, and you should learn to benefit others.' Meng said:' I always get into trouble in the army, but I'm afraid I can't go back to school. Quan said,' Do you want to be a doctor alone? But it's time to dabble in the past Too much talk, who is lonely? When I was a lonely teenager, I studied poetry, books, rites, Zuo Zhuan and Mandarin, but I didn't read Yi. Since the reunification, the chronicles of the three provinces (Historical Records, Hanshu and Dongguan Hanshu are three histories) and various military books all think it is of great benefit. If it is two people, you will be enlightened and you will learn. Why not do it? We should read Sun Tzu, Tamia Liu, Zuo Zhuan, Mandarin and Three History urgently. Confucius said, "It's no use thinking about it if you don't eat all day and stay up all night. It is better to learn. "Light Wudang military affairs, never put down the book, Meng De also claims to be old and studious, why don't you encourage yourself to learn evil? He studied tirelessly, and what he saw was invincible by the old Confucianism. After a generation of Zhou Yu, Lu Su often wanted to be wronged. Su Daimeng said behind his back: "I am called Big Brother, but I am very sensitive to martial arts. As for today, I have knowledge and don't want to go back to Wu to Amon. Meng said, "If you don't see me for three days, you will be even more surprised." . Brother, how can you call Hou? Brother, today's generation of Gong Jin is unsustainable and close to Guan Yu. I am eager to learn. I think Zuo Zhuan is catchy, lively and heroic, but I am also quite conceited. Today and right, when there is a single complex (single complex, still strange and right, one of the ancient tactics), take Qing (Qing, when the "hometown." From Ruby) Wait. "The secret is to eliminate Chen's three strategies. Su Jing accepted and kept it a secret. Quan often sighs:' people are long and profitable, such as Jiang Qin, which cannot be covered. If you are rich and respectful, you will learn better, learn to pass on books, value wealth and righteousness, and be a national scholar. Why not rest? "
Tell us the truth.
1) Through Sun Quan, Lv Meng was advised to study. After studying, Lu Meng made great progress and told us that "opening books is beneficial".
2) Don't look at others with a fixed attitude, but look at things with an open eye.
3) Don't give up studying just because things are busy. It is beneficial to persist in learning.
4) Be good at listening to other people's suggestions or opinions.
5) Tell us that as long as one dabbles extensively, one will learn something.
6) We should not only learn well, but also urge people nearby to learn and make the society progress together.
7) Don't be too proud, be modest.
8) Persuade people to pay attention to strategy.
9) You can't find an excuse to give up.
[Edit this paragraph] VII. Idioms in this article
Wu Xia Amon, scratch my face and say goodbye for three days, which will scratch my face even more.
[Edit this paragraph] VIII. Dangtu commentary
I think it is wrong to interpret Dangtu as being in charge together in the textbook. Dangtu, like Xunyang below, is a place name, located on the eastern edge of Anhui Province. As for Zhang Shi, it is an official position, just like the familiar magistrate, county magistrate and governor.
Sima Guang used Chinese characters, which were extremely refined. I won't use another word.
It is said that one of the reasons for Yuan Shu's independence as emperor during the Three Kingdoms period was a prophetic saying, "People who replaced the Han Dynasty should learn from the locals." . There are four interpretations of this sentence.
1. Sun Jian interpreted it as expressway in order to encourage Yuan Shu to stand on his own feet as emperor. "smearing false Tao means' Tao'!" Slaughter is the right way. Road is road. This explanation is obviously inconsistent here.
2. Tu Gao: The original interpretation was Wei. "The History of the Three Kingdoms": "Wei is also famous but not famous, but when painting is high, saints take classes." As an official, he obviously won't go to Wei to apply for a job, so he doesn't meet the requirements.
3. In other words, being in power and seeking things in the article makes sense at first glance, but it is not. Let's study it. It is obviously too hasty for Yuan Shu to claim the title of emperor just because he is associated with Dangtu Gao in one sentence. After all, he is also a vassal all the way, not so stupid. There must be other reasons. At that time, Yuan Shu controlled dangtu county. If that's the reason, it makes sense. If interpreted as being in power, it is obvious that Yuan Shu did not have that high power at that time.
Conclusion: Because Sun Quan and Yuan Shu are both southerners and live in the same era, their words should be the same. Therefore, it is inferred that the height of Dangtu in Sun Quan's book should refer to the meaning of Dangtu county magistrate.
truth
Tell us that we can't give up learning because we are busy, and it is intentional to persist in learning. At the same time, it also reminds us not to look at others with a fixed attitude, but to look at things with a developmental perspective.