Bian Que was the most famous doctor in the Warring States Period. Because of his superb medical skills, he was honored as an imperial doctor, so people at that time used the name of "Bian Que", an imperial doctor in ancient mythology, to call him. Later generations regarded him as a "master of pulse science", and he used four diagnoses: sight, hearing, questioning and pulse-taking, to diagnose diseases from pulse conditions.

Bian Que founded the pulse diagnosis method of traditional Chinese medicine, which was the first of its kind in traditional Chinese medicine. According to legend, the famous classic of Chinese medicine "Difficult Classics" was written by Bian Que. Four diagnostic methods have become the traditional diagnostic methods of Chinese medicine, which have been used by Chinese medicine for more than two thousand years.

Works: The History of Chinese Literature contains Bian Que's Neijing and Bian Que's Waijing, both of which have been lost. The existing "Difficult Classics" were written by later generations in the name of Bian Que.

2. Western Han Dynasty

Huangdi Neijing, written in the Warring States and compiled in the Western Han Dynasty, is an important medical document in early China. Huangdi Neijing is a comprehensive medical work, which establishes the theories of Yin and Yang, five elements, pulse condition, Tibetan image, meridians, etiology, pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, health preservation and luck.

Huangdi Neijing laid the foundation of human physiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment. It is a medical work with great influence in China and is called the medical ancestor.

3. Eastern Han Dynasty

Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica in the Eastern Han Dynasty is China's first complete pharmaceutical work. Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica, also known as Classic of Materia Medica or Classic of Materia Medica, is one of the four classic works of Chinese medicine. As the earliest extant TCM works, it originated from Shennong family and was handed down from generation to generation. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was assembled into a book, which was not written by one person for a long time.

It was the collection, summary and arrangement of monographs on pharmacological experience by many medical scientists at that time, and it was the first systematic summary of traditional medicine in China. Most theories and compatibility laws of TCM and the principle of "seven emotions in harmony" have played a great role in the practice of medication for thousands of years and are the source of the development of TCM theory.

Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica is divided into three volumes, containing 365 kinds of drugs. It is divided into three categories: upper, middle and lower, and its conciseness has become the essence of Chinese medicine theory.

Hua Tuo, a famous doctor at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was good at surgery and was known as the "imperial doctor". Mafeisan was invented earlier than the west 1600 years ago. Hua Tuo first performed surgery under general anesthesia, and was called "the originator of surgery" by later generations. He is not only proficient in prescription science, but also admirable in acupuncture.

Hua tuo visited many doctors everywhere and collected some drugs with anesthetic effect. After many different formulations of processing, he finally successfully trial-produced this anesthetic. He also mixed anesthetic with hot wine, which made the patient unconscious after taking it. Then cut open the abdominal cavity, remove the ulcer, wash away the putrefaction, sew it with mulberry thread and apply ointment, and it will be fine in one month. So Hua Tuo gave it a name-Mafengsan.

4. Sui and Tang Dynasties

Qian Jin Fang, written by Sun Simiao, an outstanding medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty, comprehensively summarized the medical achievements in the past dynasties and at that time, and had many original opinions, which occupied an important position in the medical history of China.

Qian Jin Fang, also known as "Preparing for a Thousand Daughters in Emergency" and "Preparing for a Thousand Daughters", is one of the classic works of ancient Chinese medicine, with a total of 30 volumes. It is a comprehensive clinical medical work and is known as the earliest clinical encyclopedia in China. Written in Yonghui for three years (652). This book is a collection of experience in diagnosis and treatment before the Tang Dynasty, which has a great influence on later physicians.

Qian Jin Fang Yao summarized the medical achievements before the Tang Dynasty. The first book, Sincerity and Practice of Great Doctors, is the basis of China's medical ethics. His exposition of "Special Volume of Gynecology and Pediatrics" laid the foundation for the independence of Gynecology and Pediatrics in Song Dynasty. The treatment of internal diseases advocates "five internal organs as the key link and deficiency of cold and heat as the purpose", and pioneered the classification prescription of viscera.

Among them, the carbuncle of flying corpse (similar to tuberculosis) is classified as lung syndrome and treatment, and it is pointed out that cholera is caused by diet. The description of the prone parts of osteoarthropathy (osteoarthrosis tuberculosis) and the record of the relationship between diabetes and carbuncle all show a high level of understanding. The discussion on the indications of acupoints provides a criterion for acupuncture treatment, and the selection of Ashi points and the promotion of "the same size" are quite helpful to the accuracy of acupoint selection. Fang Yao also spread abroad, which had a certain impact.

The Four Medical Codes compiled by Yuan Dan Gongbu, a famous Tubo doctor, has an important influence at home and abroad.

Tang Materia Medica was compiled in the times and is the earliest pharmacopoeia in the world, which was promulgated by the state.

5. Ming and Qing Dynasties

In the Ming Dynasty, Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica recorded 1800 kinds of drugs and 10000 kinds of prescriptions, which comprehensively summarized China's medicine before16th century, and was known as the "Grand Ceremony of Oriental Medicine". Li Shizhen attaches great importance to field investigation and experimental observation, and pays attention to the application of comparative methods, which has high scientific value in understanding and summarizing drugs.

Baidu Encyclopedia-History of Medical Development