1. Mencius Li Lou translated the original text: Mencius said: "The reason why a gentleman is different from others is because of his intention. The meaning of a gentleman is benevolence, and its meaning is courtesy. Benevolent people love others, while courteous people respect others. Those who love others will always love others; People who respect others will always respect others. If someone is here and he disobeys me, then the gentleman will contradict himself: I will be unreasonable and rude. Is this thing ridiculous? It turned out to be benevolence, righteousness and propriety, and its disobedience was justified. A gentleman will do the opposite: I will be unfaithful. Since loyalty, its disobedience is also justified. The gentleman said,' This is also stupid. If so, then choose to be with the beast? "What's so difficult about animals?" Therefore, a gentleman has a lifelong worry and never suffers from it once. But there are worries: shun, people also; Me too. Shun is the law of the world, but it can be passed on to future generations. I'm not a countryman, but I can worry. What is there to worry about? Just like Shun. If a gentleman suffers, he dies. There is no benevolence and inaction, and there is no indecent assault. If you suffer once, a gentleman will not suffer. "
Mencius said: "The reason why a gentleman is different from ordinary people is because he has different ideas in his heart. A gentleman has benevolence in his heart and propriety in his heart. Benevolent people love others, while courteous people respect others. If you love someone, others will always love him; People who respect others will always be respected by others. Suppose a person treats me rudely, then this gentleman will reflect on himself: I must be unfriendly and rude (to him), otherwise how could this attitude come at me? After introspection, I am kind and polite. That man's rudeness is still the same. This gentleman must reflect again: I must not have tried my best. After introspection, he did his best, but the man's rudeness remained. The gentleman said,' This is just a madman. What is the difference between an animal like him? "What's there to care about animals?" So a gentleman has lifelong worries, not temporary ones. As for lifelong worries, Shun is a human being, and I am also a human being. Shun set an example for the world, and its influence can be passed on to future generations, but I am still a mediocre person, which is worth worrying about. What if you are worried? Just do it like Shun. As for what gentlemen are worried about, there is no such thing. Do not do unkind things, do not do indecent things. Even if there is a temporary worry, the gentleman does not think it is worth worrying about. "
Enlightenment: The core content of Confucianism is "benevolence", and the central meaning of "benevolence" is "love", emphasizing that "benevolent people love others" is the highest standard in dealing with the relationship between people and society. This means that people should respect others, treat others equally and enjoy the benefits with others.
By the way, pick me.
2. Mencius translated Mencius from Lou: "Being born is a big deal, and death can be a big deal."
-"Mencius Li Lou"
translate
Mencius said, "It's not a big deal to worship your parents when they are alive, but it's a big deal to bury them after their parents die."
(Mencius said): "If you are indecent, adults will do it."
(Li Lou)
[Translation] (Mencius said:) "Etiquette is impolite and immoral, and a noble gentleman refuses to do it."
(Mencius said) "The reason why people are different from animals is that Shu Ren went there and the gentleman kept it. Shun ming is good at ordinary things, observing human relations and doing righteousness, not benevolence. "
(Li Lou)
Mencius said: "There are few differences between humans and animals (only that humans understand reason), but most people still abandon these differences, and only noble gentlemen can keep them. Shun can understand the truth of all kinds of things and observe the feelings of all kinds of characters because he acts according to benevolence and righteousness, rather than using benevolence and righteousness as a tool. "
3. Mencius. Li Lou's original text and translation Zhong Ni Volume 8 Li Lou's "Mencius" said: "Shun was born in Zhu Feng, moved to Xia, and died in Mingtiao.
King Wen was born and died in Bi Ying, a westerner. The difference between the ground and the ground is also more than a thousand miles; Later generations, I was over a thousand years old.
If it is successful in China, it will be nine Niu Yi hairs. "Zi chan listened to Zheng Guozhi's government and used it to help the people of Qinshan.
Mencius said, "You don't know how to govern the country. At the age of November, he became a lever; /kloc-in October/February, Yu Liangcheng and the people were not sick.
A gentleman can balance his politics or be a king. How can everyone help him? So not everyone in politics can enjoy it. Mencius said to Qi Xuanwang, "Your minister is like a brother, but I take you as the center." If you treat me like a dog or a horse, I will treat you like a Chinese. If you treat me like dirt, then I treat you like an enemy. "
The king said, "Li, because the old king has clothes, how can he do this?" Yue: "admonish and listen, anoint the people;" If there is a reason to go, lead people out of Xinjiang before them; Go for three years, and then put it in its field. It's called three rites.
That's it. I'm convinced. I am also a minister today, but I can't remonstrate and I won't listen to what I say; The ointment is not inferior to the people; If there is a reason to go, then you will fight for it and you will have great interest in it; On the day he left, he collected it in his field.
It's called feud. Kouqiu, what can I do for you? Mencius said, "It is not guilty to kill a man, but the doctor can go." If you are innocent and slaughter people, then you can move. "
Mencius said: "Ren Jun, Mo Ren; Elegance, there is nothing wrong. " Mencius said, "If you are indecent, adults will do it."
Mencius said: "If you can't train talents in China, you can't train talents, so you will be happy to have a good father and brother." If you can't give up halfway, you can't give up, so you can't miss an inch. "
Mencius said: "man can do anything, and then he can do something." Mencius said, "What happens when you speak ill of others?" Mencius said, "Zhong Ni is not a serious person."
Mencius said, "My Lord, you don't have to believe what you say, and what you do doesn't have to bear fruit, but what is righteousness?" Mencius said, "Adults are childlike."
Mencius said, "Being born is a great event, and death can be a great event." Mencius said, "A gentleman wants to be complacent when he learns Tao.
If you are complacent, you will feel at ease; Living in peace is the depth of capital; If you have a deep endowment, you will take it and welcome it, so a gentleman wants to be complacent. Mencius said, "if you are knowledgeable and refined, you will make an appointment with irony."
Mencius said: "no one can convince others with kindness;" Educate people with kindness and then serve the world. The world is not convinced, and the king is not there. "
Mencius said, "No truth is ominous, but truth is ominous." Xu Zi said: "Zhong Ni called water and said,' water, water!'" "How to get it from the water?" Mencius said, "The source bandits never give up day and night, and the laggards are everywhere.
If you have this, you can take it. If there is no foundation, the rain will gather in July and August, and the ditch will be full; If it dries up, it can stand still.
Therefore, it is shameful for a gentleman to smell it. Mencius said: "The reason why people are different from animals is just a few wishes. Shu Ren to it, the gentleman to stay.
Shun ming is good at ordinary things, observes human feelings, and acts with benevolence and righteousness, not with benevolence and righteousness. Mencius said, "I hate wine and like words.
Soup is in the middle, sage is not good. King Wen treats the people like a wound, looking at the road but not seeing it
King Wu will not let you down, nor will he forget the distance. Duke of Zhou is also three kings, in order to do four things; Some people disagree, and they think about it day and night; Yeah, I'm waiting. "
Mencius said, "The trace of the monarch dies while the book of songs dies, and the book of songs dies before the Spring and Autumn Period. Jin's "Cheng", Chu's "Mu Shoubian" and Lu's "Spring and Autumn", one also; Its theme is Qi Huan in the bronze inscription, and its text is history.
Confucius said, "Its meaning was stolen by Qiu." Mencius said, "A gentleman beheads for five, while a villain beheads for five.
If you can't become a disciple of Confucius, you will become a private scholar. Mencius said: "it is desirable, not desirable, and it is cheap; Dispensable, injured; You can die, you can die, you are brave. "
Every time I shot an arrow at Yi, I tried my best, thinking that there was only Yi in the world, so I killed Yi. Mencius said, "Yes, but also guilty."
Gong said, "I should be innocent." Yue: "So thin, the cloud is innocent? Zheng Ren asked his obedient son to invade Wei, and Wei asked his company to chase him.
Zizhuo said, "I'm sick today, so I can't hold a bow. "I am dead!" Ask his servant,' Who is chasing me?' His servant said, "So does the foolish old man's thought. "said:' I was born.
His servant said,' A foolish man is a good shooter; Confucius said, "My life, what is it?" Yue's study is aimed at Yin Gong, and Yin Gong's study is aimed at me. My husband, Yin Gong, knows him. He is also a human being, and his friends will be carried away.
When Yu Gong arrived, he said, "Master, why don't you take the bow?" He said,' I'm sick today, so I can't hold a bow. Yue:' The villain learns from Yin Gong, and Yin Gong learns from the master.
I can't bear to hurt him in the way of my master. Although, today's things, you are the same, I dare not waste.
Draw an arrow, buckle the wheel, remove the gold, send the vector and then reverse it. Mencius said, "People cover their noses when they learn unclean words." Although there are wicked people, if you fast and bathe together, you can also worship God. "
Mencius said, "The words of the world are also natural, so this is the case. Therefore, it is profit-oriented.
It's evil for a wise man. Chisel it away. A wise man walks in water, but there is no evil in his wisdom.
Yu's trip to the water also yielded nothing. If a wise man does nothing, he will become wise.
The sky is high and the stars are far away. If you ask the reason, you can sit at Chitose. "The firm has a son, and the right company hangs.
For beginners, some talk to the right teacher, and some talk to the right teacher from the standpoint of the teacher. Mencius didn't talk to the teacher and was unhappy with the teacher. He said: "A gentleman counsels with words, but Mencius does not advise with words. This is a simple suggestion. "
Hearing this, Mencius said, "Li, the court does not talk to each other through ranks, and kowtows to each other within ranks." I want to salute. Isn't it unusual for Zi Ao to take me as a Jane? " Mencius said, "A gentleman is different from others because of his intention.
The meaning of a gentleman is benevolence, and its meaning is courtesy. Benevolent people love others, while courteous people respect others.
Those who love others will always love others; People who respect others will always respect others. If someone is here and he disobeys me, then the gentleman will contradict himself: I will be unreasonable and rude. Is this thing ridiculous? Since he is a benevolent person, he is polite, and his disobedience is justified. A gentleman will rebel, and I will be unfaithful.
Since loyalty, its disobedience is also justified. The gentleman said,' This is also stupid. If so, then choose to be with the beast? "What's so difficult about animals?" Therefore, a gentleman has a lifelong worry and never suffers from it once.
4. Mencius translated "Mencius" and said, "Life is not enough for white, but death can be a great event."
Mencius said: "It's no big deal to worship your parents when they are alive, but it's really a big deal to bury them after they die." (Mencius said): "It's unjust to be indecent and rude, and adults can do whatever they can.
(Li Zhilou) [Translation] (Mencius said) "A gentleman who is impolite, immoral and noble will not do this." (Mencius said) "The reason why people are different from animals is because where Shu Ren goes, the gentleman keeps the road.
Shun ming is good at ordinary things, observes human feelings, and acts with benevolence and righteousness, not with benevolence and righteousness. (Li Lou) [Translation] (Mencius said:) "There are few differences between people and animals (only that people understand reason), but most people still abandon these differences, and only noble gentlemen can keep them.
Shun can understand the truth of all kinds of things and observe the mood of all kinds of characters because he acts according to benevolence and righteousness, rather than using benevolence and righteousness as a tool. "。
5. Mencius translation (Li Lou) [translation]
There was a man in the state of Qi who married his first wife and his second wife. Every time a husband goes out, he must eat and drink enough before going home. When his first wife asked him who he was eating and drinking with, he said that they were all rich and powerful people. The first wife told the second wife, "when the husband goes out, he always comes back after a full meal and drunkenness;" Ask him who he eats and drinks with, and he says they are all rich and powerful people. However, I have never seen any dignitaries come to our house. I want to sneak a look at where he has gone. "The next morning, she quietly followed her husband and walked around the capital, but she didn't see anyone standing and talking to her husband. Qi people finally went to the cemetery outside Dongcheng, and then went to the grave sweeper to ask for some leftovers. Not enough, and look around and beg elsewhere. That's how he got drunk at dinner. When the first wife came home, she told the second wife about it. She said: "My husband is the person we look up to and rely on all our lives. Now he is like this!" She bitterly cursed her husband with her little wife and cried in the yard. But her husband didn't know, and happily came back from outside to show off his two women. In the eyes of a gentleman, it is rare for some people to make their first and second wives feel ashamed and cry in pursuit of promotion and wealth!
6. Mencius, book, translated in chapter 24, chapter 1 The original text ① listens to Zheng Zheng's administration and uses it to help the people in Qin ③.
Mencius said, "You don't know how to govern the country. 1 1 4 years old, 50% on the bar; /kloc-in October/February, Yu Liang (6) was completed, and the people were not sick.
Gentlemen should be equal in politics and in handling affairs. (7) How can everyone help him? So not everyone in politics can enjoy it. Note 1: Gong was Zheng's sage and son in the Spring and Autumn Period.
② Riding: refers to the car that a child rides. ③ Qin (Town) Yan (Wei): The name of the two rivers meets in Mi County, Henan Province.
(4) 1 1 month:1/month in the weekly calendar is September in the summer calendar, and the following1February is1month in the summer calendar. ⑤ Pedal: a small bridge for people to walk.
(6) Yu Liang: A bridge for cars and horses. (7) development: development is to clear the way.
When the property owner was in power, he used his car to help the people tide over drowning and drowning. Mencius commented: "This is an act of benevolence and righteousness, and I don't know how to go into politics. If he builds a bridge for people to walk in 1 1 month and a bridge for horses and chariots in1February, the people will not worry about crossing the river.
As long as the people at the top manage their political affairs well, they can go out and make their way. How do they help people cross the river one by one? If the ruling people want to please everyone, then time is not enough. Mencius told Qi Xuanwang in the original text: "If you are a minister like a brother, I will treat you like a heart; If you treat me like a dog or a horse, then I will treat you like a Chinese; You treat me like dirt, and I treat you like hatred. "
The king said, "Li, because the old king has clothes, why can he do this?" Yue: "admonish and listen, anoint the people;" If there is a reason to go, lead people out of Xinjiang and walk in front of them; Go for three years, and then put it in its field. It's called three rites.
That's it. I'm convinced. I am also a minister today, but I can't remonstrate and I won't listen to what I say; The ointment is not inferior to the people; If there is a reason to go, then you will fight for it, and you will be extremely motivated by it; On the day he left, he collected it in his field.
It's called feud. Kouqiu, what can I do for you? Note (1) Serving the old king: It means that the courtiers resign to serve the old king.
Extreme: poverty, used here as a servant, means making things extremely difficult. Mencius said to Qi Xuanwang: "The monarch regards his courtiers as brothers and sisters, and courtiers will also regard the monarch as their confidant;" The monarch treats his liegeman as a dog and a horse, and his liegeman will treat him as an irrelevant person; The monarch treats the giant like dirt, and the shrimp, soldiers and crabs will treat the monarch as an enemy. "
Qi Xuanwang said: "According to the etiquette system, outgoing officials should also express their filial piety to the past monarchs. What can you mainly do to make them mourn for him? " Mencius said: "the princes have admonitions, and the princes follow them;" I have a suggestion, so listen to it. In the favor of politics, he went deep into the common people.
When the liegeman had to leave for some reason, the monarch sent someone to send him abroad and sent someone to make some arrangements where the liegeman wanted to go first. He left for three years and didn't come back until he recovered his land and house. This is the so-called "three famous prostitutes". You are filial to him by doing so.
Now, as a vassal, the king does not accept suggestions; Suggestions, the king didn't listen. Ordinary people don't get political favors.
Why did the liegeman leave? The monarch tied him up and tried every means to make him poor wherever he went. On the day he left, he got back his land and house. This situation is called enemy situation.
The question of the monarch and the minister is like hatred. What is filial piety? 3 The original Mencius said, "Those who can't raise the Han nationality and those who can't raise talents are happy to have a good father and brother." You can't give up halfway, you can't give up your talents, so you can't give up your talents. "
Note (1): It refers to the golden mean, and it refers to people with good moral character. Cultivate: cultivate, edify and educate.
② At the same time, the word "quantity" of "inch quantity" is omitted. Mencius said: "People with good moral cultivation educate people with poor moral cultivation;" Talents educate talents, so everyone is happy to have a good father and brother.
If people with good moral cultivation abandon people with poor moral cultivation; Talented people dislike talented people, so the difference between good and bad is too close to be measured by inches. "4 The original Mencius said," People can do what they don't do, and then they can do what they do. "
Mencius said, "Only when people do something can they do nothing." It turned out that Mencius said, "What happens when you speak ill of others?" Mencius said, "What if you speak ill of others and ask for trouble?" Read "who didn't say it behind, who didn't say it before?" People's bad habits are indeed so.
However, if someone takes pleasure in speaking ill of others behind their backs and is addicted to scabbing, then all the special terms will be given to him or her, called gossip! Confucius once said, "Hearsay leads to moral decay." (The Analects of Confucius Yang Huo) We also gave this kind of hearsay a name called "Xiaobo".
How can a gossip be compared with a small broadcast? Small broadcast is not necessarily gossip, gossip is small broadcast. Small radio broadcasts free direct news, voluntary advertising, listening first, and taking pride in being well informed.
Boring! A gossip is a gossip, but a gossip is a gossip. She will quickly peek into other people's privacy and take pleasure in stabbing people in the back. Damn it! Small broadcasts are stupid, and rumors are evil.
If we say that for small broadcasts, we should tell them to "live!" Then, for a gossip, it should be "a mouse crosses the street and everyone shouts." 6 The original Mencius said, "My Lord, you don't have to believe what you say, and you don't have to do what you do. What is righteousness?"
Mencius said: "A wise man doesn't have to keep his word, and he doesn't have to have a result, as long as it is moral." The original Mencius said, "Adults don't lose heart."
Note 1 Naked baby: baby. Mencius said, "A great man is a man with childlike innocence."
The original Mencius said, "The way for a gentleman to learn is to be complacent. If you are complacent, you will feel at ease; Living in peace is the depth of capital; Senior is around.
Therefore, a gentleman is complacent. Note (1) Capital: accumulation.
② Original text: same as "source". Mencius said: "A gentleman follows certain methods to deepen his attainments in order to get something for himself.
If you gain something, you can firmly grasp it; Hold on tight.
7. The translation and urgent requirements of the classical Chinese "Mencius on Li Lou", Mencius said: "Even with Li Lou's good eyesight and Gong Bozi's good skills, if you don't use compasses and rulers, you can't accurately draw squares and circles; Even with Shi Kuang's ability to distinguish sounds, it is impossible to correct five tones without six tones; Even if there is a theory of Yao and Shun, the world can't be governed well without benevolent government.
Although some rulers now have the heart and reputation of being benevolent, the people can't stand his kindness and can't be an example for future generations to follow. This is because he did not practice the benevolent policy of the previous generation of saints. Therefore, goodwill alone is not enough to govern politics; Only in a good way can good research be carried out by itself.
The Book of Songs says:' Don't be too high, don't forget, everything will follow the original rules.' I have never made a mistake because I followed the statutes of the previous generation of holy kings.
The sage exhausted his eyesight and used compasses, rulers, spirit level, rope ink and so on. Make square, round, flat and straight things, which are inexhaustible; Saints not only exhaust their hearing, but also use six tones and five tones, and all kinds of scales are inexhaustible; Saints not only exhausted their brains, but also practiced a benevolent policy that could not bear others. Benevolence covered the whole world. Therefore, building a high platform must rely on the mountain; Digging deep pools must rely on ravines and swamps; Is it wise not to rely on the method of the previous generation of holy kings to govern? Therefore, only the benevolent should dominate.
If an unkind person occupies the dominant position, he will spread his evil deeds and morality to the people. There is no moral standard and no legal system in the world; The court does not believe in morality, craftsmen do not believe in standards, officials violate justice, and the people violate criminal law.
At this rate, the country is really lucky to survive. Therefore, it is not a national disaster that the city walls are not strong and the weapons are insufficient; It is not the scourge of the country that the fields are not cultivated and the materials are not rich; If people at the top are impolite, people at the bottom are uneducated, and more and more people break the law and discipline, the country will soon perish.
The book of songs says:' there is chaos in heaven, so don't say much.' Talking too much is procrastinating.
It is procrastination and wordiness to serve the monarch without loyalty, to advance and retreat without courtesy, and to speak against the former sage Wang Zhidao. Therefore, we should ask the king to be called "respect" with high standards, give him good ideas, block bad ideas and call him "respect", and think that his king can't be called "thief" by benevolent government. "
8. Meng Zi Translation (Li Lou) [Translation] There was a man in the State of Qi who married a wife and a mistress.
Every time a husband goes out, he must eat and drink enough before going home. When his first wife asked him who he was eating and drinking with, he said that they were all rich and powerful people.
The first wife told the second wife, "when the husband goes out, he always comes back after a full meal and drunkenness;" Ask him who he eats and drinks with, and he says they are all rich and powerful people. However, I have never seen any dignitaries come to our house.
I'm going to sneak a look at where he really is. "The next morning, she quietly followed her husband and traveled all over the capital. I didn't see anyone stop talking to her husband.
Qi people finally went to the cemetery outside Dongcheng, and then went to the grave sweeper to ask for some leftovers. Not enough, and look around and beg elsewhere. That's how he got drunk at dinner.
When the first wife came home, she told the second wife about it. She said: "My husband is the person we look up to and rely on all our lives. Now he is like this!" She bears a grudge, curses her husband with her little wife and cries in the yard. But her husband didn't know, and happily came back from outside to show off his two women.
In the eyes of a gentleman, it is rare for some people to pursue promotion and wealth, so as not to let their first and second wives feel ashamed and cry relatively.