Early stage of enteritis: it is the stage of acute congestion, edema, inflammation and exudation of intestine. At this time, the intestinal peristalsis is active or in a spastic state, and the digestion and absorption function is weak. Therefore, within 8 ~ 12 hours after onset, patients can eat liquid foods, such as rice porridge, lotus root starch and dried noodles. If you have severe diarrhea or sweat more, you should also give patients more soup, such as rice juice, vegetable soup, fruit juice, light salt boiled water and so on. To supplement the deficiency of water, vitamins and electrolytes in the body.
Recovery period of enteritis: patients can be given some digestible and nutritious liquid or semi-liquid foods, such as rice porridge and fine noodles. Eat less and eat more meals, 4 ~ 5 times a day. It should be noted that it is not appropriate to drink milk and eat a lot of sugar at this time, because these foods are easy to ferment after entering the intestine, producing a lot of gas, causing abdominal distension and abdominal pain, and increasing the pain of patients.
Recovery period of enteritis: due to the pathophysiological changes of gastrointestinal tract, especially intestine, the intestine is very sensitive to food at this time. Therefore, we should pay special attention to the diet, eat some light, soft and warm foods, and avoid eating greasy, fried, cold and hard foods and celery and other fiber foods too early. After 2 ~ 3 days of recovery, you can eat according to your normal diet.
Self-care of patients with colitis
1. Some patients may show special sensitivity to certain foods, such as diarrhea when eating sweets and abdominal pain when tasting spicy food. Therefore, they should temporarily avoid their sensitive foods in their diet, but don't be too nervous. The influence of psychological factors on gastrointestinal function should not be underestimated. In addition, folk "hair products" such as beef, cock, carp, seafood and so on. Usually not suitable for patients with colitis. Eat less cold fruits and vegetables and eat more nutritious, digestible and vitamin-rich foods. Diarrhea patients should not eat celery, leeks and other crude fiber vegetables, nor should they eat bananas, sweet potatoes and Sydney.
2. Strengthen physical exercise and advocate jogging. Physical exercise can improve the oxygen supply to the whole body, especially jogging, coordinate all parts of the body to participate in sports, increase vitality, and improve and restore normal physiological functions. For elderly and frail patients with colitis, jogging is not appropriate, but walking is appropriate.
Daily nursing care of patients with colitis
1. Pay attention to diet, pay attention to food hygiene, and don't eat spoiled food. You can add some vinegar or garlic paste to the cold salad, which can not only sterilize but also season and stimulate appetite.
2. People with abdominal pain and diarrhea should eat less dregs, which are easy to digest, low in fat and high in protein. Some intolerant foods such as shrimp and crab, milk and peanuts should be avoided as much as possible.
3. Avoid spicy, frozen and cold food, and give up smoking and alcohol.
4. It is not appropriate to overeat, overeating, so that gastrointestinal dysfunction recurs or aggravates the condition.
5. Don't catch cold in your abdomen. Even if the weather is hot in summer, cover your abdomen to avoid catching cold, otherwise the intestine will be convulsed by cold, which will cause the attack or aggravation of the disease.