Yan Family Instructions is the first family instruction with rich content and grand style in the history of China. It is an influential classic, which originated in the Northern Qi Dynasty and was written in the Sui Dynasty. This paper mainly describes the method of managing the family with Confucian traditional thought, cultivating and educating future generations. Because this book can be called "ancient and modern family precepts, taking it as the ancestor", I read it carefully, hoping to encourage my friends! Before Yan Zhitui, Wei Jikang and Tu Yu in the Western Jin Dynasty had their own family precepts, and Tao Yuanming in the Eastern Jin Dynasty also had their own family precepts, all of which belonged to family precepts, but they were small in size and had little influence. Once Yan Jiaxun came out, it had a great influence. Scholars of all ages spoke highly of this. Wang Sanpin praised "ancient and modern family precepts, taking them as ancestors", and Wang Yue gave a higher evaluation, saying that "the medicine stone speaks like a mirror." Anyone who is a child can have a copy at home as a clear explanation. "
The educational thought of Yan Family Instructions is an important milestone in the history of China's ancient family education thought. Most importantly, it had a direct impact on the descendants of Yan, and had a far-reaching impact on the education of ancient China literati. After reading the whole article, I have some feelings in real life, so let's share with you the four best works: Managing the Family, Teaching Children, Studying Hard and Keeping Healthy!
Manage the family; What education affects is carried out from top to bottom, and the influence is carried out from bottom to top. Therefore, a father's unkindness to his son is unfilial, a brother's unkindness to his brother is disrespectful, and a husband's unkindness to his wife is disobedient. As for a kind father, a rebellious son, a loving brother and a arrogant brother, and a kind husband, a woman is a bully and afraid of hard work. She is a vicious person by nature, and should be deterred by punishment, not induced by instructions. No one in the family was angry and didn't need to be whipped, and the fault of the child servant immediately appeared; If the punishment is not applied properly, the people will be at a loss. Managing the family with leniency and severity is like managing the country and leveling the world.
Teach children: In real life, parents who only care about their children without educating them often disagree. What to eat and do, indulge children at will, without control, praise when admonished, laugh when reprimanded, and think that children are sensible. It is not until pride and neglect become a habit that you begin to stop it. Then no matter how vicious the whip is, it will not establish your majesty, and no matter how fierce the anger is, it will only increase resentment until you grow up and eventually become a person with corrupt moral character. Confucius put it well: what is cultivated since childhood is like nature, and what is used to it is cultivated. This statement makes sense. As the old saying goes, the daughter-in-law teaches when she first comes, and the child teaches when she is a baby. This statement does make sense.
Mian Xue: When people are young, they are single-minded; When you grow up, your thoughts will be scattered; This requires us to educate early and not to lose opportunities. I remember that some poems I recited when I was very young were catchy, but they were much worse when I got older, especially now. It is true that people's energy will gradually decline with age, but when learning is regarded as a habit, it is not so difficult.
In short, learning early is better than learning late, and learning late is better than not learning at all, isn't it? It's really a pity that most people don't think it's too late to study until they are in their thirties. Childhood study is like the light rising from the sun; Learning in old age is like walking at night with a candle, which is better than closing your eyes and seeing nothing.
Component 2:
Reading is not a student's patent. Now is the era of lifelong learning. Frankly speaking, I really should study more consciously and harder. As a kindergarten teacher, I know that continuous learning can not only bring fresh water to education and teaching, but also enrich my life, thus guiding myself and others to pursue a meaningful life. Recently, I have calmed down and read the book "Family Instructions of Yan Family", which has benefited a lot.
Yan Jiaxun is the first ancient book devoted to family education in the history of China. It is known as "the method of raising children and managing the family, encouraging learning, doing things, inheriting family training and building morality". As a preschool teacher, starting from the particularity of my career, I have made a targeted and focused study of the contents of family education and early education in this book. Nowadays, family education has become a major social problem. How to cultivate an excellent child? It is a great challenge to parents, teachers and society. The book Yan Jiaxun gave me a good inspiration.
Attach importance to family education
In Preface, Yan Zhitui expounded the importance of family education to children's growth: "A husband keeps his word, trusts his relatives, carries out his life and carries out his intention." It means that the status and prestige of children's parents are the psychological basis for them to accept parental discipline and advice. Once the authority of parents is shaken or "traumatized", the cooperative relationship between parents and children becomes unsmooth. Many times, many things are "internal friction" between parents and children in the contest of who keeps his word, so parent-child cooperation becomes inefficient, and both sides often get stiff. This explains why my parents always tell us in front of me that my child is fine, and when I go to my grandparents, I will make a fool of myself. My grandparents can only rely on him. Or teacher, please tell me about my child. He doesn't listen to anything I say, only to the teacher. This is because parents or grandparents have not established prestige in their children's hearts in their daily lives at home, and they are used to compromise and spoil. Children will naturally feel that any suitable or inappropriate request I make may be accepted. The direct result is that children have developed the bad habit of being willful, unruly and unreasonable. Therefore, a good family education is the foundation of a child's good character.
Attach importance to early education
"When I was seven years old, I recited Lingguang Dian Fu. As for today, ten years have passed and I have never forgotten it. " Yan Zhitui takes his own study as an example and suggests that children receive education as soon as possible, so as not to miss the opportunity and get twice the result with half the effort. The chapter "Mian Xue" also mentioned that "when I was young, I had a mental patent. Think hard and relax when you grow up. You must teach early and don't miss the opportunity. " It also tells us that when people are young, they are single-minded and easy to be distracted when they grow up, so we should pay attention to early education and don't miss the opportunity. However, the early education mentioned here does not mean how many poems of Tang and Song poems, how many Chinese characters and how many languages children learn when they are three or five years old, but how to cultivate children's good living habits, behavior habits and study habits from childhood. First, children are psychologically simple and easily influenced, which is what the ancients said: "Less becomes nature, and habit becomes nature."
According to today's statement, it is plastic, and both good and bad have a great influence on them; Second, when I was young, I was focused and had a strong memory. At that time, I not only studied well, but also never forgot. As the saying goes, it takes ten years to plant trees and a hundred years to cultivate people. We often envy other people's talents. In fact, their growth has laid a solid foundation in infancy. The well-known Childhood is Gorky's unforgettable summary of life in this period. In particular, his grandmother's kindness, tolerance and tenacity left a deep imprint on his young mind, which was the spiritual wealth that he benefited from all his life. Therefore, proper early education is an effective way to help children form good behavior habits, living habits and study habits. As a kindergarten teacher, it plays a vital role in children's lifelong learning and growth. We should let children develop good habits of behavior, study and life from the beginning of school, and let them actively participate in learning in their own good classroom atmosphere, so as to lay a good foundation for their lives.
Strict and kind, impartial.
"Yan Family Instructions" said: "The strictness of father and son cannot be abolished; The love of flesh and blood cannot be simple, but it cannot be simply taught and will be ignored. " Parents are strict and kind, and children are timid and filial. "Parents should be kind to their children, neither simple nor spoiled. Simple and slow will only lead to weak parent-child relationship, and doting will only raise flowers in the greenhouse.
Parents should not only maintain their dignity, establish prestige in their children's hearts, but also let their children feel love and learn to love. In addition, Yan Zhitui's view of "non-favoritism", that is, all children should be treated equally, and no one should be favored, may have little effect on the vast majority of one-child families now, but it is especially worth cherishing for early childhood educators. As a teacher, I have a deep understanding that there are always a few naughty people in each class, and there are always a few particularly obedient and clever people. So can't we let those naughty people go and even criticize them all the time? Of course not. Every child is an independent and special individual with his own characteristics and advantages. As a teacher, we must treat every child equally, explore the advantages of every child, help them correct their shortcomings and never give up.
The progress of society, the surplus of talents, the difficulty of finding jobs, the great changes in teaching methods and so on. Never put forward higher requirements for our teachers. Only by constantly learning and making progress can we have enough information to deal with various situations; Only by constantly exploring new, active and popular teaching methods, making children studious and happy to learn, laying a solid foundation for their own lives, and being an enlightening and guiding person for children, can we realize the growing joy in education and teaching and the endless voyage of life.
Component 3:
Reading can help us cultivate our sentiments and increase our knowledge. Full of books, reading can enrich our hearts and have great and valuable wealth in spirit. During the winter vacation, I participated in the school-based curriculum independent learning activities organized by the school and read the book Yan Jiaxun.
Yan Family Instructions is a book that records China's personal experience, thoughts and knowledge in the Southern and Northern Dynasties to warn future generations. He paid special attention to children's early education and put forward his own unique views on Confucianism, literature, Buddhism, history, writing, folk customs, society and ethics. The content of the article is practical, the language is fluent, and it has a unique simple style.
Yan Family Instructions can help us learn classical Chinese. In Chinese class, our understanding of some words in classical Chinese is generally by rote, without flexible use of what we have learned. I think we can enhance our sense of language in the process of reading classical Chinese, so that we can understand some words that are difficult to understand in modern times in the future, and it will be very helpful for us to recite more difficult classical Chinese in the future. Also read more notes below the classical Chinese, and remember them when you read more. Some words have many meanings, and you need to experience and understand them yourself. I met some words I learned when I was reading Family Instructions of Yan, but the meaning of this word is new, which made me understand the deeper meaning and consolidated my classical Chinese foundation.
In addition, this book also contains a lot of truth. I can get some enlightenment from it: to be a noble person, we must go through adequate etiquette training and "treat others with courtesy" so as to cultivate the necessary manners and temperament. In our modern family education, parents only want their children to be smart and get excellent grades. As long as children are smart, parents can be satisfied. Therefore, most of them are trying to cultivate their children's intelligence level, and few parents are willing to take the time to get rid of their children's bad habits and pay attention to the cultivation of habits. Therefore, some people say that children nowadays are more and more "without tutors". In normal study and life, some students' desks are messy, and the drawers are full of messy books. Used books and unused books are piled together, and the paper wiped with the nose is also randomly placed in the drawer until after school. As a result, they can't find books in class, and it also delays the time for other students to leave school. This kind of habit is very bad, so parents should pay attention to the cultivation of children's good habits while caring about their children's academic performance, so as to cultivate their children wholeheartedly.
In fact, Yan Family Instructions mainly uses examples to illustrate the truth. After reading these positive and negative examples, I have a deeper understanding of the importance of the contents in the book, not only to instill these truths blindly, but also to reflect and learn from the examples. Know yourself better, change yourself and improve yourself.
After reading this book, I benefited a lot. During this period of independent study, I gained a lot. I believe that my moral cultivation will be greatly improved by reading more extracurricular books in the future.