Question 2: the problem of Chinese studies 1. The first poetess was Cai Yan (Wen Xi).
2. General history of the first biography: Historical Records
3. The first dictionary is Erya.
The first encyclopedia was Yongle Dadian.
5. The first book of poetry is The Book of Songs.
6. The first anthology: Zhao Ming Anthology
7. The first dictionary: Explain Chinese characters by explaining them.
8. The first collection of myths: Shan Hai Jing
9. China's first collection of classical novels: Shi Shuo Xin Yu
10. The first collection of strange stories in classical Chinese, Search for Ji Shen.
1 1. The first bibliography: The Analects of Confucius
12. The first chronicle book is: Spring and Autumn Period.
13. The first dynastic history: Hanshu
14. The first art book: The Art of War by Sun Tzu
15. Part II Sima Qian of the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Xiangru
16. Yuefu Shuang Bao: Mulan Ci Peacock flies southeast, and chanting is the three wonders of Yuefu.
17. A mirror of historical records.
18. Erpai: the first moment of surprise, the second moment of surprise (Ling Mengchu)
19. Da Du Li: Li Bai Du Fu Xiao Du Li: Li Shangyin Du Mu
20. Gemini in China's modern literary world: Lu Xun and Guo Moruo.
2 1. Three Immortals: Lide made meritorious service.
22. Three generations: Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties
23. Three biographies of Spring and Autumn Annals: Zuo Zhuan, Ram Zhuan and Gu Liang Zhuan.
24. Three Kings: Yu Xia, Duke of Shang Tang.
25. Sanshan: Yingzhou, the abbot of Penglai.
26. Three religions: Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism
27. Sangong: During the week, Sima Situpu was ordinary.
In the Western Han Dynasty, Prime Minister Qiu was a doctor.
Qingming, Taishi, Taifu Taibao
28. Three Caos: Cao Cao and Cao Pizhi
29. Three elements of public security: Yuan Zhongdao, Yuan Hongdao and Yuan Zongdao.
30. Sangu Building in Jiangnan: Yueyang Building in Hunan, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuchang and Wangtengting Pavilion in Nanchang.
3 1. Three friends in the cold year: Songzhumei
32. Sanfu: Zuo Fengyi, You Fufeng and Jing.
33. The three elements of scientific research: the first after having obtained the provincial examination, the first after winning the exam, the first in palace examination, and the first in the school (Huiyuan, champion).
34. the palace exam is three-fixed: the champion first explores flowers.
35. The three quintessences of China: Peking Opera, Chinese Medicine and Chinese Painting.
36. Three words: Yu Shiming's words of warning and awakening the world (Feng Menglong)
37. Confucian Classic Three Rites: The Book of Rites of Zhou Li and Yi Li.
38. Three officials: Xin 'an official, Shi Haoguan and Tongguan official.
39. Three Farewells: Don't get old and homeless when you get married.
40. Guo Moruo's "Goddess" trilogy-the rebirth of Guo Xiang Tang Di's "Flower of the Goddess"
4 1. Mao Dun's "Erosion" Trilogy: The Pursuit of Disillusionment and Shake
Rural trilogy: Spring Silkworm Harvest in Autumn and Remaining Winter
42. Ba Jin's Trilogy of "Love": Fog, Rain and Electricity
Riptide trilogy: Spring and Autumn Homeland
43. The first national history: Mandarin
44. The first album recording the words and deeds of counselors and military strategists: National Policy and Warring States Policy.
45. The first historical prose with the theme of personal words and deeds: Yan Zi Chun Qiu.
46. The first great patriotic poet: Qu Yuan
47. The first narrative poem: Peacock Flying Southeast (357 sentences, 1785 words).
48. The first monograph on literary criticism: Canon? Paper (Cao Pi)
49. The first pastoral poet: Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming
50. In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Liu Xie, a native of A Liang, wrote his first monograph on literary theory and criticism, Wen Xin Diao Long.
5 1. The first monograph on poetry theory and criticism & Zhong Rong's Poems, born in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
52. The first popular science work, a comprehensive academic work written in the form of notes: Meng Qian Bi Tan by Shen Kuo in the Northern Song Dynasty.
53. The first diary travel notes: Xu Hongzu's Travel Notes of Xu Xiake in Ming Dynasty.
54. The first poetess, also known as "one pronoun Sect": Li Qingzhao.
1. China's first satirical novel: The Scholars.
2. The first translation of evolution in China: Huxley's theory of evolution translated by Yan Fu. He is a man who became an interpreter without knowing anything.
3. China's first collection of short stories in classical Chinese: Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio.
4. The first short story in the history of China's new literature is Diary of a Madman.
The first writer who opened up "Fairy Tale Garden" was Ye Shengtao.
6. China's first romantic fairy tale: Journey to the West.
7. The first reportage work is: (Xia Yan) Bonded Labor.
8. The first writer in New China to win the title of "People's Artist": Lao She. His works include: Longxugou.
9. The two outstanding schools in the pre-Qin period were Confucianism and Mohism.
10. The two representatives of Confucianism are: Kong Qiu and Mencius, who are regarded as the most holy and the second holy respectively.
1 1. During the Kaiyuan and Tianbao years in the Tang Dynasty, two schools of ci appeared: the frontier ci represented by Gao Shi and Wang Wei ... >>
Question 3: What are the merits and demerits of the three treasures in Buddhism? Wade in the three treasures is extremely superior. It can keep all sentient beings away from troubles, get rid of Jaken's evil thoughts, and reduce all kinds of imposed habits from beginning to end. It is a lighthouse in the world and a real refuge. The weeds in Sambo cannot be described in words and cannot be considered. The reason for this is the following：
Can break bad karma
Before converting to Sambo, life was like a drop in the ocean. Without navigation and compass, people will drift and sink and never reach the shore. All beings are bound by troubles and flow in three realms and six roads, which is endless. Now, through the victory of converting to Sambo, they have the potential to stop evil deeds. Going upstream, as soon as I start to wake up, my troubles will be separated. For example, the ship and the ship were gratified by the navigator and the accurate compass, and finally sailed safely into the harbor.
Cursed
Because all beings often encounter many hardships of life and death, unable to extricate themselves, just like being attacked by an angry thief who can't escape, they are afraid. Now I am converted to the Three Treasures, and I am blessed by the merits of the Three Treasures, so that the bitter thieves can give up their grievances and stop their harm, and make all beings happy.
Can get rid of Jaken's evil thoughts
The reason why all sentient beings can't escape is that Jaken keeps creating new businesses. For example, the poor do not work hard, leading to poverty, and the three treasures are the pearls in the cloak. The danger was lifted in time and Chu's life was revitalized, so they turned evil into right, destroyed evil and repaired good, and achieved enlightenment.
Can reduce my habits.
Since the beginning, all sentient beings have taken their bodies and minds for me because of ignorance, and since then they have accumulated into countless habits, forming the potential energy of six rounds of rotation. Now that they have converted to Sambo, they have dissolved this self, reduced their habits and made their body and mind clean and conscious.
Question 4: Do you have to convert to Sambo to be called a layman? 1. Strictly speaking, to convert to Sambo and practice at home is to learn Buddhism at home. 2. Converting to Sambo is a ceremony, but it is also a good start. 3. It is more important to convert to the three treasures of self-nature, affection, righteousness and purity. 4. From the beginning of the ceremony, the essence of "Wen" and the explanations of "Wen, Five Commandments, Ten Kindness, and Faithfulness" were introduced. Jushi Jushi: Sanskrit Grha-pati, meaning parents, heads of households, elders, contingent property, or' people who stay at home'. Initially, it refers to the third commercial working class in India, Vishya Vaisya, a rich person or a respected and virtuous person. However, in today's Buddhist society in China, all Buddhists who believe in Buddhism at home have been generally called laymen.
The word "lay man" is not exclusive to Buddhism. In China's Book of Rites, the word "golden belt for lay people" has been used, which refers to Chu Shi, a Taoist priest with the meaning of a hermit.
In India, lay people were not created by Buddhism. In Sanskrit, laity is called "Jia". Whether you believe in Buddhism or not, anyone who stays at home can be called a layman.
The origin of Buddhist honorifics for believers at home may come from the Vimalakīrti Sutra. Vimalakīrti has four honorifics: Convenient products are called elders, Manjusri products are called master laymen, and Bodhisattva products are called laymen. According to the explanations of masters such as Roche, Wise Man and Xuanzang, Vimalakīrti is a lifelong bodhisattva in the oriental Akong Buddhist country, which shows that all beings are at home. Therefore, using the word "lay man" to refer to Buddhists at home also means being respected as a great bodhisattva.
Thus, a real lay man should be a Mahayana Bodhisattva, not Chu Shi or a hermit with a gray breath.
However, in Long Agama, only the third of the four classes is called laity, and the minister who mainly occupies (goods) by the wheel king is called laity's treasure, so laity is equivalent to businessman, manager or industrialist.
In China, the word "lay man" originated from the jade algae in the Book of Rites. In Han Feizi's book, it is also called "wandering, waiting for the laity", which refers to people who are quite artistic and do not seek official positions. Later, China and Japan often referred to Taoist priests as laity in general, not according to the original intention of Confucian classics, such as the first volume of Leng Yan Classic, the seventh volume of critical romance, and the third volume of Ancestral Fate.
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Buddhism prevailed in China, and Taoist priests also claimed to be laymen, which had a great influence on middle and upper-class intellectuals, so many people took the name of "laymen". For example, Li Bai, who believes in Taoism, is a "violet layman"; Bai Juyi calls himself "Xiangshan laity"; Su Shi was named "Dongpo layman" and Fan Chengda was named "Shihu layman"; Li Qingzhao named herself "Yi 'an Jushi".
The origin of laity:
It is said that when Sakyamuni preached near Liuguyuan, Yeshe, the son of Borneo elder Julius, fled to Liuguyuan late at night because he was tired of luxurious life, and asked Sakyamuni to help him out of trouble. When Sakyamuni heard that Ye She's distress was similar to that when he was a prince, and he was tired of his present life, he was very sympathetic and accepted him as an apprentice. At this time, Jerchel's father, Giriga, went to the Buddha to find his son. The Buddha told him Buddhism: Wealth is unreliable, and the most precious thing in life is consciousness. Inspired by the Buddha, Julia also wanted to become a monk, but she was afraid that no one would care about her business at home. The Buddha taught that you don't have to be a monk to believe in Buddha. Therefore, Li Jia was accepted as the first Buddhist disciple who practiced at home, called Youposai, which means a layman who practiced at home. After Julia became an "excellent woman", she invited the Buddha to give lectures at her home. When Sakyamuni was at his home in Julija, he preached Buddhism to Yesheh's mother, who was willing to be Sakyamuni's faithful daughter and live a Buddhist family life. Therefore, the Buddha accepted her as the first excellent girl, which means faithful girl and lay woman in Chinese. The Buddha said that the excellent women who practice at home are just like other disciples of the Buddha if they abide by the 50% principle of not killing, stealing, being immoral, lying and not drinking.
A layman in history
Li Bai, a violet layman (a great poet in Tang Dynasty)
Bai Juyi, a Buddhist in Xiangshan (a great poet in Tang Dynasty)
The humiliated layman Si Kongtu (a poet in Tang Dynasty)
Fu Ming, Black Wounded Lay Man (honorific title of Liang Shanhui in Northern and Southern Dynasties)
Li Yu, a laity in Lotus Peak
Chen V, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, was born in Longqiu.
Endless laity ―― Zhang Shangying (a famous figure in Northern Song Dynasty)
Gu Xi lay man ―― Li Zhiyi (writer of Northern Song Dynasty)
Huang Tingjian, a layman in the valley (a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty)
Wang Anshi, Mid-Levels Buddhist (Northern Song Dynasty writer)
Fan Zhongyan, a layman ―― Fan Zhongyan (political commentator in Northern Song Dynasty)
Xie Chuan laity Su Guo (Northern Song Dynasty writer)
Xue (calligrapher of Northern Song Dynasty)
......& gt& gt
Question 5: Why do some people admire Nan as a master of Chinese studies? Some people think that Nan is a liar in Chinese studies. There is no uniform value standard for Chinese studies. He said he was right, and you said you were right. In fact, heather's study of Chinese studies is a fusion of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism. Nothing more than talking about the indifference of the world. Some people think deeply, some people disagree, some people think they are scolding themselves, and some people attack heather for grandstanding. Just a few examples. Because different people have different realms, different values, different purposes and positions.
Speaking of Buddhism, I think many so-called rinpoche and mages can rarely interpret Buddhism so accurately. Buddhism says, "Seeing the land, practicing the certificate and getting what you want", but practicing the certificate alone is not enough, and I don't know what the Buddha is talking about. To put it more seriously, "in the last days of France, evil teachers said, like Ganges sand"!
Those who attack heather, read his old man's book, and then judge!
Question 6: Is Heart Sutra also a part of Chinese studies? The score of 10 belongs to Buddhism instead of Chinese studies. Confucianism is a national study. Read through and read carefully, and gradually realize that every sentence contains great wisdom and compassion.
Question 7: Zhang Qicheng is a famous expert on Chinese studies, a health expert, a scholar calligrapher, an advocate of spiritual cultivation of Chinese studies, and a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Born in September, 1959, from Shexian County, Anhui Province. Born in Zhang Yitie, a national intangible cultural heritage, he is the eldest son of Li Jiren, the first master of traditional Chinese medicine in China, and Zhang Shunhua, the inheritor of national intangible cultural heritage. Dr Peking University is a postdoctoral fellow at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. At present, he is the president of the National College of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, the president, professor and doctoral supervisor of the Institute of Chinese Medicine Culture, the professor of the National College of Renmin University of China, the invited professor of Chinese studies courses in Peking University and Tsinghua University, the vice president of the International Yi-ology Federation, the chairman of the Yi-ology and Science Committee of the Dialectics of Nature Research Association of China, and the honorary chairman of the Chinese Medicine Culture Branch of the Chinese Medicine Association. In 2009, he was named one of the "Four Masters of Contemporary Chinese Studies" by Sohu. Com, known as "the first person to cultivate one's mind in Chinese studies". 20 13 was elected as a member of the 12th China People's Political Consultative Conference. 20 15 was hired as the first batch of distinguished professor in the "Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Forum" in China. Mr. Zhang Qicheng studied under the expert of exegetics, Mr. Qian Chaochen, the master of Yi Studies, Mr. Zhu Bokun, and the master of traditional Chinese medicine, Mr. Wang Hongtu. In the 1990s, the theory of "the backbone of Confucianism" was initiated, and it was put forward that "Yi is the mainstay and the three religions complement each other", so that Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism and medicine can be easily integrated. In recent years, he has devoted himself to promoting Chinese studies and building a spiritual home, and initiated the establishment of the "Zhang Qicheng Chinese Studies Fund" to help young people inherit Chinese studies. Mr. Zhang Qicheng edited the first Yi-ology dictionary, the first applied encyclopedia of Yi-ology in China, the first national postgraduate textbook "Fundamentals of Chinese Medicine Philosophy" and "An Introduction to China Traditional Culture". Mr. Wang first put forward the concepts of "management of Chinese studies" and "health preservation of Chinese studies" in China, and created the management modes of "nourishing the mind and opening up wisdom", "five elements of knowing people and employing people" and "three treasures and five hearts of health preservation", and founded the first personal website of Chinese studies in China. Professor Zhang Qicheng suggested that as a China native, one must read the Five Classics all his life: young people should read The Analects of Confucius, cultivate themselves into adults and achieve something; Middle-aged people are happy when they read the Tao Te Ching and let go of falsehood. Read the Tanjing in his later years to see nature and know the future; As for Yijing and Huangdi Neijing, one is based on knowing life and the other is based on keeping in good health, so we must always worship them.
Question 8: I have been studying the Tao Te Ching of Taoist Laozi for a long time, but now I am stuck in solving it. I also said that it might not be appropriate (you should be happy): inaction is not about whether it is promising, but whether it doesn't matter. Don't do it just because you have done it. Do it naturally. There is no problem, just something lacking. It's true to conform to nature, but it's not completely done. I have three treasures, one is kindness, the other is frugality, and the third is no, I dare to be the first in the world. People who study Taoism can often see things that have not yet appeared according to the development law of events, things and life (no better term has been found for the time being). Just like you want to turn inaction into a composition. Maybe you can get high marks in your composition, but you may not get high marks in the college entrance examination. You should know how to change. What is the same? Only change is immutable. If you are sharp in writing and clear in thinking, you can naturally choose to turn it into a composition or bring it into the college entrance examination. But according to your current thinking, if you bring it into your composition, you may achieve a little success because of novelty, but if you bring it into the college entrance examination, it will be slightly insufficient. Will you win more than enough? Governing a big country is like cooking small and fresh. That's because only with certain achievements can you be comfortable. The same is true of inaction. How can you let go of what you haven't got and lost?
Ha ha. Well, if you talk too much, you will be confused. Excuse me. A family's words cannot be counted. People who practice Taoism should do everything they can, and then they can do anything.