Text/Li Muzi Li From the Yellow Scarf Uprising in 184 to the unification of the Central Plains in 279, the Central Plains, which had been turbulent for 95 years, finally returned to calm. Different from the past, the emperor who unified the Central Plains was not as famous as Qin Shihuang, nor was he so admired by Wendi. More importantly, we seem to have neglected him, even unwilling to mention his dynasty, but why? Let's dig up the historical materials and look at Sima Yan, the neglected Jin Emperor, from the perspective of later generations. First, the disgraceful usurper plan (1), the layout of three generations, once an accident happens, it is likely that the boss is tired, or it may be that Sima Yi pays more attention to health. In 72 years, he experienced Cao Cao, Cao Cao's son Cao Pi and Cao Cao's grandson Cao Rui. He also attended the funerals of a large number of capable ministers loyal to Cao Wei, leaving young emperor Cao Fang and young Cao Shuang as his opponents (thus, living is more important than anything else). In 249 AD, Sima Yi, who was cautious all his life, made a gamble. Gao Ping Ling's coup killed Cao Shuang and took control of Cao Fang. Wei's military and political power was in the hands of Sima Group. By this time, Sima Yan was 13 years old, and he certainly didn't want to be an emperor. But he watched his grandfather, uncle and father discuss militaristic masters in the study every day, and it is estimated that he has cultivated this ambition since he was a child. After Sima Yi's death, he experienced the painstaking efforts of Sima Shi and Si Mazhao. The employees of Sima Group have penetrated into every corner of Wei and occupied important positions. It can be said that the support of the whole country depends on Sima's family. In addition, the Shu-Han regime was overthrown by Si Mazhao in 263 AD, and their prestige was even higher. And when Si Mazhao was a general, he killed the emperor Cao Mao, replaced him with a more obedient Cao Huan, and took the opportunity to kill a batch of Cao Shi. Under the violent politics of the Cold War, some ministers who complained about the royal family were afraid to stand up and accuse them. At this point, Cao Shi Group was completely defeated, but it did not go bankrupt. In 265 AD, Si Mazhao, 54, died of a sudden stroke. Sima Yan, the eldest son, inherited the title of King of Jin. In 65438+February of the same year, Cao Huan abdicated and the Western Jin Dynasty was formally established. (2) Being an emperor never stops. Why is Sima Yan worried about being emperor? According to historical records, it is precisely because of Cao Huan's insistence and the strong support of ministers that he had to do so. But is this really the case? It is safe to guess that since Sima Yan can remember, the emperor is not the master, but his father has really made a decision. Watching my father "work hard" for the country every day will inevitably give people the impression that the country is supported by them. I have long been unhappy with the emperor. I may feel uncomfortable that I am still working for others after everything my family has done. I might as well fire my boss and go it alone. In fact, there are many emperors who pursued power and usurped the throne in history, such as Wei Wendi Cao Pi usurping the Han Dynasty and Sui Wendi usurping the Northern Zhou Dynasty. , but they were all shot down by themselves. In the case of Cao Pi's usurpation of the Han Dynasty, the world had fallen apart at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and it was Cao Jia who helped Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty stabilize the situation. During this period, the royal family didn't help anything, which is natural. On the other hand, it was Cao Wei who gave them the opportunity to step by step towards glory. As a result, the royal family was almost wiped out, and they ate the food of the Cao family, but they created opposition from others. How can this make loyal and patriotic China people pass it on from mouth to mouth? Second, when the emperor did two things wrong (1), the founding of the People's Republic of China decided to imitate Sima Yan Dengji, who was 3 1 year old in the first year of Taishigong in the Western Zhou Dynasty. However, the great Sima Yan Sima Yan succeeded in bringing history back to the Spring and Autumn Period. He overthrew the county system in Qin and Han dynasties, changed the feudal system in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and wantonly enfeoffed the same clan king. Not only that, but also let these princes have their own fiefs and a high degree of autonomy, so that small countries can make money and recruit. Later, these enfeoffment countries stationed tens of thousands of military forces, ranging from one to two thousand, which seriously threatened the existence of imperial power. Until Sima Yan's death, he reigned for 25 years, sealing 57 vassals and laying mines for later generations. Why did Sima Yan formulate such a wonderful national policy in such an important position as the founding emperor? I think it has something to do with the origin of his throne. Probably the cause of improper origin. He feels guilty and always feels insecure. He may think it's easy to do, too, for fear that someone will follow suit in the future. I don't know how to come up with such a theory: Wei declined because without the help of his brothers, uncles and uncles, no one asked for money or had money. How can others help the emperor resist when they seize power? Therefore, if we want to keep the country stable for a long time, we must let our brothers and sisters pick up guns. Unity is strength, and no one can bully our Sima family in the future. It's a pity that he didn't think of the phrase "disaster comes from the mouth". If Sima Yan saw in heaven that brothers of the same family were later busy fighting for the throne, he might directly breathe life with old blood. (2) Li Chu was too selfish to marry a moral man and rashly enfeoffed the prince. After all, they are all brothers, and they have worked hard all their lives to make a fortune. Indulgence is ok. As long as the next one has the boldness of vision of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and can contain these heavily armed princes, the Jin Dynasty can still be safe. As a result, Sima Yan made a fatal mistake on the issue of heirs. Maybe people in Sima's family are more confident about their IQ. In order to maintain the superiority of their own race and the purity of their bloodline, the usual practice of the Jin royal family is to get married by close relatives. The result is a bunch of sons with mental retardation. Among them, Sima Zhong, the eldest son of Sima Yan and later Emperor Jinhui, felt a little retarded and brain-damaged. Despite the existence of princes, even in times of peace and prosperity, daily state affairs are enough to make a normal person collapse, not to mention the eldest son who knows nothing about eating, drinking and having fun all day. In fact, after the establishment of the Prince, Sima Yan also thought that this son was not very popular and wanted to abolish it. Moreover, the prince's teacher told him more than once: "The prince is too stupid to learn anything. I don't think the CEO of the company can do it. Do you want to consider changing people? " Despite Sima Zhong's poor performance, his mother Yang Yan is Sima Yan's favorite wife. The pro-daughter-in-law cried for mercy, and Sima Yan was distressed, so she gave up the idea of changing the prince. Since you can't change the prince, find someone to marry. Sima Yan thought that maybe your son's mind and intelligence will be improved after marriage. So, on the road of son and daughter-in-law, Jia Nanfeng, a famous ugly shrew in history, was buried by a strong jealousy. Facts have proved that after Sima Zhong ascended the throne, Jia Nanfeng dominated the state affairs and rejected dissidents, which made the Jin Dynasty, which had just improved a little, suffer a lot. I guess when Sima Yan married Jia Nanfeng for his son, he probably felt that his father Jia Chong was very influential in the DPRK and loyal to the royal family. A hundred years later, he can have someone to assist the emperor wholeheartedly. Unexpectedly, Sima Zhong, who is weak and incompetent, is simply a puppet playing around in front of the overbearing Jia Nanfeng. This combination of strong women and weak men is the chief culprit of consorts' interference in politics in past dynasties, and Jia Nanfeng is the fuse of the Eight Kings Rebellion, which once again plunged the just-calm Central Plains into disputes. Third, reading history makes people wise. Emperor Wu of Jin reigned for 25 years, appointed famous talents, made great efforts to govern, unified the Central Plains, did nothing in politics and economy, and greatly restored productive forces, thus reviving China for more than 0/00 years. It should have been recorded in the history books, but the rulers were difficult and short-lived, and there were wars and disputes, so it was too late to revise the history books, and later generations were ashamed of the unfaithfulness of the rulers and did not want to mention it. I don't boast, and later generations despise me. There are few details of historical materials left by nature, and they are rarely mentioned. History always has its unique charm. When you open the history books and concentrate on studying one person and one thing, you should put yourself in the shoes and think about why. After a long time, you will find that life is actually the same as history. Take history as a mirror and set sail with dreams. References 1, Sima Guang Song et al. : Zijian Zhonghua Book Company 1994 2, etc. : Book of Jin: Yang Chuan Bookstore 1996 3. Modern Haotian Muyun: What happened in the Jin Dynasty China Workers Publishing House 20 17.