In the first year of Yongning (30 1), Sima Lun, the king of Zhao, usurped the throne and appointed Wang Dun as the secretariat uncle of Yanzhou. Three months later, Sima Tang, the king of Qi, rose up against Sima Lun, and all the kings responded. At this time, Wang Yan received an order from the King of Qi and invited him to arise together. Wang Yan was afraid of Sima Lun's powerful forces and did not dare to obey orders. Wang Dun advised Wang Yan to respond at this time, and finally the King of Qi defeated Sima Lun, and Wang Yan also made contributions. After Sima Lun's defeat, Emperor Jinhui was restored, and Wang Dun was moved to Shi San's position as a constant servant, General Zuo Wei, Dahonglu and Shi Zhong.
In the first year of Yongjia (307), Situ Wangyan recommended him as the secretariat of Qingzhou and worshipped General Guangwu. Soon after, Wang Dun was appointed as the library supervisor, and Wang Dun gave all the maids and maids of Princess Xiangcheng to the soldiers, and then gave the gold and silver treasures to others before returning to Luoyang. At this time, Sima Yue, the teacher of Xingyang remote control regime, came to North Korea. Wang Dun thinks that his travel is punished from time to time. After that, Sima Yue really arrested more than ten people, including the secretariat Miao Bo, and put them to death. Sima Yue later appointed Wang Dun as the secretariat of Yangzhou.
After Wang Dun arrived in Yangzhou, together with his cousin Wang Dao, he helped to establish a reputation in the south of the Yangtze River to revive the Jin Dynasty. Because Si Marui was established by Wang Dun and Wang Dao, at that time, someone said, "The king and the horse share the world." Later, he was worshipped by Shangshu, but Wang Dun insisted on staying in Yangzhou and not taking office. Si Marui appointed Wang Dun as Anton's counselor and proposed a toast to him. At this time, Liu Tao, the secretariat of Yangzhou, died, so Si Marui appointed Wang Dun as the secretariat of Yangzhou and added General Guangwu. Later, he was promoted to general Zuo and viceroy, and conquered the military false festival. After Yongjia Rebellion, Emperor Huai was exiled, and Fan Xun promoted Si Marui as the leader. However, at that time, Huayi, the secretariat of Jiangzhou, refused to obey Si Marui's command, so Si Marui sent Wang Dun to attack Huayi with Shi Ganzhuo and General Yang Lie in Liyang and defeated it. Huayi was defeated and killed. At the same time, not long ago, Du Tao made an insurrection in Xiangzhou, then invaded Lingling and occupied Wuchang, Changsha, Yidu, Zhaoling and other counties, so Zhou Yi, the secretariat of Jingzhou, retreated. So, Si Marui sent Wang Dun, Tao Kan and others to attack, Wang Dun asked Tao Kan and others to ask for help, and he was at peace with Zhang Yu. In the end, Du Tao was defeated, and Wang Dun was appointed as the general of the Town East, the third division of Kaifu Yitong, and the commander-in-chief of Yang Chiang, Jingxiang, Jiaoguang, Liuzhou and Jiangzhou, and was appointed as Emperor Han 'an. From then on, Wang Dun began to choose his own officials, and he was also in charge of subordinate counties. Later, Du Tao sent Du Hongnan to Guangzhou to demand surrender and was willing to punish the thieves in Guilin. Later, he conspired to mutiny with the secretariat of Jiaozhou, but Tao Kan won the peace. Du Hong finally surrendered to Yin Feng, the zero-drop satrap. Yin Feng gave Du Hong to Wang Dun, and Wang Dun accepted him as his department, which was very prized. In addition, He Qin, a native of Nankang, assembled thousands of people at that time, and privately appointed Wang Dun as his four-product general. The signs that Wang Dun is good at it are more and more obvious.
In the first year of Jianwu (3 17), due to the exile of Emperor Chen Xian, he changed the title of King Jin and took charge of all machines. At this time, Wang Dun was promoted to South General. The following year, Si Marui acceded to the throne for killing Emperor Yi of Jin, and established political power for Emperor Jin and Eastern Jin. Wang Dun was promoted to general and shepherd in Jiangzhou. Wang Dun asked for self-mockery because the crusade against Du Zeng failed, without worshipping Zhou Mu as a supplement. After that, Wang Dun was appointed as Jingzhou Pastor, while Wang Dun resigned from Zhou Mu's post and only served as the secretariat. Later, Si Marui gradually reused Liu Kun, and at the same time alienated the Langya Wangs, who supported him at first, and seemed to have a higher reputation than the royal family. So Wang Dun felt wronged for Wang Dao.
In the third year of Taixing (320), Si Marui appointed Ganzhuo, the secretariat of Xiangzhou, as the secretariat of Liangzhou. Wang Dun's request to replace Gan Zhuo as the original secretariat of Xiangzhou by engaging in corps commander Chen was rejected. Si Marui even sent Sima Cheng, the qiaocheng king, to Xiangzhou. When Wang Dun saw this, he said in the above table how loyal officials and villains who were suspected by the emperor in ancient and modern times alienated the relationship between loyal officials and the emperor and wanted to get their hands on Si Marui. After finishing the watch, I was even more afraid of Wang Dun. On the surface, it was to increase the rank and honor treatment, but at the same time, I appointed Liu Kun and led the troops to go abroad. On the surface, it was to resist the invasion of the North Hu regime, but in fact it was to guard against Wang Dun.
In the first month of the first year of Yongchang (322), Wang Dun rose from Jingzhou and attacked Jiankang in the name of killing Liu Kun. Si Marui was furious when he knew it, and ordered Liu Gui and others to return to health to prepare for defense. Si Marui personally armed himself out of the suburbs. Wang Dun led the army all the way to Shicheng (a military fortress west of Jiankang). Wang Dun planned to attack Jincheng guarded by Liu Kui, but Du Tao advised him to attack Shicheng first and then attack Zhouzha. Wang Dun obeyed and attacked Shicheng, and Shoujiang Zhou surrendered. Wang Dun was defeated, Liu Kui, Wang Dao, Zhou E, Guo Yi, Yutan, Liu Kui and Diaoxie went north. After Wang Dun entered Shicheng, he did not immediately appear in front of Si Marui, a health worker. Instead, he recruited soldiers in Shicheng, and even indulged soldiers in looting everywhere. The princes were in chaos and fled in succession. Only the general Anton Liu Chao led the troops to serve, and there were two followers. Si Marui had to make peace. When Wang Dun saw Wang Dao, he blamed him for not listening to advice before he succeeded to the throne that day, and changed the young master, letting him specialize in state affairs, which led to civil strife and almost destroyed the king. But Wang Dao still honestly argued with Wang Dun, and Wang Dun could not refute it. Later, Wang Dun was appointed Prime Minister and Jiangzhou Pastoral, and became Duke of Wuchang County. He also advocated Yu Bao and made Tai Chang Xun Song worship him. Wang Dun resigned under false pretence. Wang Dun also killed Zhou E and Dai Yuan; Prince Si Mashao was brave. He tried to frame him as unfilial, but he was strongly opposed by Wen Qiao and failed. Soon, Wang Dun returned to Wuchang and fought remotely. After Wang Dun came to power, he killed Xiong Yi and other loyal ministers and established henchmen in North Korea. All the state pastoralists are in Wang Ren, mainly in Qian Feng, conniving at their evil deeds. People of insight know that Wang Dun will soon perish. My cousin Wang Ling has been remonstrating with Wang Dun, but he was assassinated by Wang Dun. After Wang Dun, then Ningzhou and Yizhou. In the same year, Si Marui died of grief, and Prince Si Mashao succeeded Jin Mingdi.
In the first year of Taining (323), Wang Dun wanted to usurp the throne and satirized the imperial court's self-recruitment, so Si Mashao appointed Wang Dun. He also paid homage to 20 people, including Huang Yue and Ban Jianwu Ben. They didn't know what to do, but instead of going to North Korea, they went to the temple with swords. When Wang Dun went to visit, he sent his assistant Ruan Fu to treat Wang Dun with niujiu, but Wang Dun refused to see a doctor and only sent the main book to accept it. Soon, Wang Dun became a shepherd in Yangzhou. Wang Dun's nephew, Wang Yun, told his father, Wang Shu, when he heard that he had discussed with Wang Dun the plan to seize power, and Wang Shu and Wang Guide told him to prepare the court for Wang Dun.
In the second year of Taining (324), Wang Dun fell ill. The Ministry of Finance and Shenchong secretly planned what to do once Wang Dun died. Finally, they decided to make an insurrection after Wang Dun's death and subvert the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and suggested that Wang Dun eradicate the prestigious Zhou Za, as did Ran Zeng, Gong and Wang Dun, the national centers of China. When Wang Dun's condition deteriorated, Si Mashao sent Chen Fang and others to greet Wang Dun's condition on the one hand, and secretly planned a crusade on the other, and went incognito to Wuhu to inspect Wang Dun military camp and sent ministers to inquire about Wang Dun's daily life. In order to monitor the imperial court, Wang Dun appointed Wen Qiao as Danyang Yin. But Wenqiao denounced Wang Dun's attempt to seize power to Si Mashao, and Si Mashao ordered a crusade, falsely claiming that Wang Dun was dead, which boosted morale and sent troops to crusade against Wang Dun ministries. At this time, Wang Dun was seriously ill and could not command the army at all. So he took his brother Wang Han as the marshal and ordered Qian Feng, Zhou Fu to lead 50,000 troops and join hands to attack Jiankang. After Zhong Jun Sima Cao Gui defeated Wang Han in Yuecheng, Wang Dun was furious when he heard about it, and even planned to lead troops in person. However, due to serious illness, he was exhausted and could not get out of bed. On the other hand, Qian Feng and others led troops to Jiankang and were defeated by Si Mashao's advancing troops many times. At this time, Wang Dun died at the age of 59. Wang Dun also told his adopted sons Wang Ying and Yang Jian that after his death, he should set up a civil and military officer before handling the funeral. However, Wang Ying and later secrets did not send condolences. After they wrapped the body with a mat, they painted wax on the outside and buried it in the house, that is, they indulged with Zhuge Yao and others. Soon, Wang Han, Shen Chong, Qian Feng and other troops were defeated and the rebellion in Wang Dun was put down. After that, Wang Dun was taken out of the body, his clothes were burned, and the body was slaughtered in a kneeling position. After his head was cut off, it was hung on the Suzaku truss in the south of the city with the heads of Shen Chong and others to show to the civilians. But after Wang Dun's body, no one dared to accept and bury it. Finally, at Chi Jian's suggestion, Wang Dun's family was allowed to accept it and bury it.
From 3 18, Wang Dun held the title of Emperor General of Jin Dynasty and actually controlled the military power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty until his death in 324, which lasted for seven years.
Huan Wen (3 12-373) was born in Longkang (now Xilongkang Town, Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province). Huan Fan, a loyal minister of Cao Wei, died of Soviet rebellion after his father was one of Huan Yi and Jin Yuan "168", and Huan Wen avenged his father when he was eighteen.
When Huan Yi died in 328, Huan Wen, the eldest son, was only 15 years old, but as the eldest son, he had to take the initiative to shoulder the burden of his family. He hated Jiang Bo, the enemy who betrayed his father. Huan Wen worked hard to earn money to support his family and took care of his sick mother and three younger brothers during the day. In the evening, I practiced martial arts alone in the garden. In 33 1 year, jiang bo died, Huan Wen pretended to be a mourner, and jiang bo, his two sons and his younger brother became famous. Emperor Jincheng personally summoned him, and later made friends with the prefect of Langya, Xu, his eldest daughter, princess royal of Nankang and the secretariat of Jingzhou. Later, I transferred to Xuzhou to be a secretariat. After the death of Yu Yi, his subordinates elected his son Ai Yu as the secretariat of Jingzhou. Because Yu Shi's family was too powerful, the court appointed Huan Wen as the secretariat of Jingzhou. Later, Huan Wen came to Jingzhou to expel Ai Yu, and Jingzhou was stable.
In 345, 1 1 month, Huan Wen sent troops to attack Shu, and led 2,000 people as forwards. He set off as soon as he got on the watch, so although the court had objections, there was nothing to stop him. Shi Li took advantage of the danger of Shu Dao and fought unprepared. In February 347, Yonghe and Huan Wen made great strides in the plain area not far from Chengdu. When Shirley woke up like a dream, he ordered uncle Li Fu, cousin Li Quan and general to lead the troops to meet them. Huan Wen consulted with others about the invasion. Some people advocate splitting the troops into two and advancing in two ways. Qiao Yuan objected. He said: "At this moment, the army is hanging thousands of miles away. If you win, you can make great achievements. If you lose, you will be wiped out. You must unite with Qi Li and don't split your army. You have to throw away the pot and bring only three days' food and grass, which shows that you are determined to go back and attack with all your strength and you will succeed. Liu Bei said, "Huan Wen only asked Sun Sheng and Zhou Chu to lead troops to guard each other, and he led his troops straight to Chengdu. Li Fu attacked Peng Mo and was repelled by Sun Sheng and others. Huan Wen and Li Quan met, and the Han soldiers fled back to Chengdu. Several soldiers sent by Shi Li are all finished. He was dying and led the troops out of the city to meet the enemy at Yanqiao (southwest of Chengdu). This is the decisive battle to destroy Han, and it is also the only hard battle. Kim didn't play well at first. Gong Hu, who joined the army, was killed. The arrows of the Han army hit Huan Wen's horse, and the morale of the army was shaken. At this time, suddenly the drums were beating, and Qiao Yuan drew his sword and gave the order. The soldiers fought to the death and won a great victory, and then they attacked Chengdu and set fire to the city. Shi Li fled to Yin Meng overnight. He thought he couldn't fight any more, so he had to repair his watch and send someone to surrender before the army. Cheng Han died. Huan Wen stayed in Chengdu for 30 days and sent troops to Jiangling. Shi Li was sent to Jiankang, where he was sealed, returned to Houyi, and later died. After the main force of the Jin army retreated, Shu generals Chen Wen and Deng Ding entered Chengdu and made Fan Changsheng's son as emperor, which was not completely solved until 349 AD.
In 352, the clan aristocrat Jane also took the opportunity to occupy Guanzhong and establish the former Qin Dynasty. After the demise of the post-Zhao Dynasty, Huan Wen, the general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, wrote to Jin Mu, asking him to lead troops to the Northern Expedition. On the surface, Jin Mu promoted Huan Wen's position, but in fact he was suspicious of Huan Wen. Huan Wen asked for the Northern Expedition, but Jin Mu refused, and sent david moses to lead troops to the Northern Expedition. Yin Hao sent troops to Luoyang, and was defeated by Qiang people, killing more than 10,000 people, and even losing grain and weapons. Huan Wen went to court again and asked the court to dismiss Yin Hao for sin. Emperor Jin Mu had no choice but to depose Yin Hao and agree to Huan Wen's Northern Expedition.
In 354, Huan Wen took command of 40,000 Jin troops, set out from Jiangling, and divided the troops into three ways to attack Chang 'an. Fu Jian, the former head of state of Qin, sent 50,000 troops to fight in the customs clearance, and was beaten out of the water by 8 Jin Army. Fu Jian had to flee back to Chang 'an with 6,000 old, weak and beaten soldiers and dig a deep ditch to hold on. Huan Wen triumphed and reached Pakistani businessmen. The county magistrate near Chang 'an surrendered to 8 Jin Army. Huan Wen was stationed on the dam, hoping to send troops to rob wheat and replenish rations when the wheat in Guanzhong was ripe. But Fu Jian is also very powerful. He anticipated Huan Wen's plan and cut all the immature wheat, so that Huan Wen could not receive a grain of wheat. Huan Wen's commissary is broken, so we can't stay, so we have to withdraw. But after all, the Northern Expedition won a great victory, and Emperor Jin Mu promoted him to conquer the viceroy. [
In June 356, Huan Wen made the second Northern Expedition, sending troops from Jiangling and advancing northward. In August, Huan Wen invaded Yishui and fought Yao, the leader of Qiang nationality, for the second time in the north of Yishui, defeating Yao Xiang and recovering Luoyang. Huan Wen restored the mausoleum of the Emperor of the Western Jin Dynasty in Luoyang, and repeatedly suggested that the Eastern Jin Dynasty move its capital to Luoyang. The Eastern Jin Dynasty held a negative attitude towards Huan Wen's Northern Expedition, seeking only the southeast and not the north. Huan Wen had to withdraw and return to the south. In 359, the Central Plains was occupied by Murong of the former Yan regime. In 363, Huan Wen was appointed as Fu, who was in charge of Chinese and foreign military affairs, recorded the history of ministers, and served as Yangzhou secretariat the following year. As a prime minister, Huan Wen was also the secretariat of Jingyang two states, and Huan Wen monopolized the power in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
In 369, Huan Wen took the opportunity to launch the third Northern Expedition to crusade against the former Yan regime. Set out in April and arrive in Jinxiang (now Jinxiang, Shandong Province) in June. Huan Wen led the water army into the Yellow River through the Canal and Qingshui River, and marched all the way to Kutou (now southwest of Xunxian County, Henan Province, an important ferry of the Yellow River). The former Prince Yan appointed Mu Rongchui as the viceroy, led 50,000 troops to resist, and cut off the route for providing foodstuff for 8 jin j.. Huan Wen was forced to pursue by land, and Mu Rongchui led 8,000 hussars to pursue, and 8,000 Jin J was beaten to flight, and more than 30,000 Jin J was beheaded. After the defeat of Huan Wen, the recovered land in Huaibei fell again.
Huan Wen has been in power for a long time and is famous for his ambition of not being a minister, and he gradually envied Wang Dun. In 37 1 year, he led an army to attack Shouchun (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province) and capture Jin Yuan. After Fang's defeat, Huan Wen's prestige was greatly reduced, so he re-established his authority by abolishing Li Lai from "The Meeting of the DPRK". In the same year, Emperor Sima Yi was abolished as Haixi Gong, and Sima Yi was replaced by Fu. In 372, Jian Wendi died, and the testamentary edict was inherited by Prince Sima Yao. This is the filial piety emperor of Jin Dynasty. Huan Wen thought that Jian Wendi would give him the throne, but he was very disappointed after hearing the news, so he led the troops into health. Huan Wen saw many forces against him in the cremation of health, and dared not start work easily. He hoped that the imperial court would give him nine cans. The military power was taken over by his younger brother Huan Chong.
In 373, Huan Wen died at the age of 62. After Huan Wen's death, Xie An became prime minister, and Huan Chong, Huan Wen's younger brother, served as the secretariat of Jingzhou. They worked together in Qi Xin to assist Emperor Xiao of Jin, and an atmosphere of unity emerged in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The title of Duke of South County was inherited by his youngest son, Huan Xuan. After Huan Xuan proclaimed himself emperor, posthumous title Huan Wen became Emperor Xuanwu, with the temple name Mao. After Huan Xuan's defeat, the descendants of Huan Wen fled to the later Qin Dynasty to avoid the pursuit of Emperor Wu of Song, and the other part fled to Miao and became barbarians.
From 345 to 373, Huan Wen became the secretariat of Jingzhou and died. He controlled the military power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty for 29 years. Huan Wen made contributions to Wang Dun by attacking and destroying Korea and three northern expeditions.
Huan Xuan (369-404), a native of Beijing, was the youngest son of Huan Wen in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and was deeply loved by Huan Wen. In the first year of Emperor Xiaowu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (373), Sima Yao, Huan Wen died, leaving his younger brother Huan Chong to take command of the army. At that time, attacked Juenan County. When Huan Xuan grew up, he was quite conceited about his talent and family background and always thought he was a hero. However, because his father, Huan Wen, showed signs of usurping the throne in his later years, the court was always wary of him and dared not appoint him. At the age of 23 (39 1), he was appointed as a prince to wash horses. A few years later, Ren Yixing (now Yixing, Jiangsu Province) left Beijing to be a satrap, but he was still quite frustrated, so he abandoned his official position and returned to his south county (now Jiangling, Hubei Province).
In the first year of Long 'an (397), Emperor Andi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Sima Dezong, Shang Shu, and Wang Xu, the general of Jianwei, relied on the ruling Huiji Wang Sima Daozi in an attempt to weaken the towns. Wang Gong, the secretariat of Qing Dynasty and Yanzhou, was dissatisfied and rose up. Huan Xuan encouraged Jingzhou secretariat Yin Zhong to respond to Wang Gong, and the court was afraid, so he killed Wang Guobao and Wang Xu to avoid getting into trouble. The following year (398), Huan Xuan invited the imperial court to be the secretariat of Guangzhou, and Sima Daozi appointed him as Jiaodu, the Second Army of Guangzhou and the secretariat of Guangzhou, but Huan Xuan did not take up his post after his appointment. In the same year, Yu Kai, the secretariat of Yuzhou, was cut to Jiangzhou because he was dissatisfied with its jurisdiction, so he rose up and claimed to crusade against Sima Shangzhi, the secretariat of Jiangzhou. Wang Yu, Huan Xuan, Yin Zhongkan and Nanjun responded again, and then elected Wang Gong as the leader. Soon, because Liu Laozhi, a soldier of the northern government, defected to the imperial court, Wang Gong was defeated and killed. Huan Xuan and others withdrew their troops, and the court appeased them, but appointed various official positions, and took Huan Xuan as Jiangzhou secretariat (Xunyang, the capital, now Jiujiang, Jiangxi). Huan Xuan, Yin Zhong Kan and Yang Gaiqi were afraid of the imperial crusade. Although they doubt each other, they have to cooperate to protect themselves. So, they formally formed an alliance with Xunyang, and Huan Xuan was promoted to the leader because of his prominent family background, which made him even more proud.
At that time, the situation in the Eastern Jin Dynasty was characterized by the autocratic power of Sima Daozi and Sima, the separatist power of Huan Xuan, Liu Laozhi and Sima Shangzhi in the outside, and the area south of Jiankang in Shi Jing (now Nanjing in Jiangsu) was occupied by Sun En, which led to chaos in China. In the third year of Long 'an (399), Huan Xuan wiped out the forces of Jingzhou secretariat (capital Jiangling, now Jiangling, Hubei) and Yin Zhong secretariat (capital Xiangyang, now Xiangyang, Hubei) in the period of Yang Pi, and occupied the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The following year (400 years), the court had to appoint Huan Xuan as the governor of Jing, Si, Yong, Qin, Liang, Yi, Ning and Jiang, and also served as the military officer, post-general, Jing and Jiang in the eight counties of Yang and Yu.
After the Eastern Jin Dynasty temporarily suppressed the rebel forces in Sun En, the powerful minister Sima Yuan Xian decided to eradicate Huan Xuan. In the first year of Yuanxing (402), the general Liu Laozhi led the elite Jin army of the northern government and commanded the army to March eastward. But Liu Laozhi was afraid of destroying Huan Xuan, so he could not be tolerated by Sima Yuan Xian. He planned to get rid of the rulers under the guise of Huan Xuan's strength, and then seized power by himself, so he surrendered without a fight. Huan Xuan went east smoothly, went into health, and killed Sima Yuan Xian. Soon, Liu Laozhi was relieved of military power, so Liu Laozhi planned to mutiny and commit suicide by hanging himself. Huan Xuan even appointed himself as the commander-in-chief of Chinese and foreign military affairs, Qiu, the shepherd of Yangzhou and the secretariat of Yuzhou, with full control of state affairs, and then successively killed the generals of the northern government to eradicate their power.
In February of the second year of Yuan Xing (403), he was appointed general again; In September of the same year, he even named Guo Xiang King of Chu, named ten counties and added nine tin to prepare for usurpation. 1 1 month 2 1 day (Gregorian calendar 65438+February 20, 403), the emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty offered the national seal, and he was in Huan Xuan. 1 Feb. 3 (Gregorian calendar 65438+10/Oct.1404), Huan Xuan officially proclaimed himself emperor, with the title of Chu, and changed the dynasty permanently.
In February (404), in the second year of Huan Chu Yong, several generals of the northern government, headed by Emperor Wu, set out to crusade against Huan Xuan. In March of the same year, after the repeated battles and defeats of the Chu army, Huan Xuan had to withdraw from Jiankang and took Andixi hostage to escape to Jiangling; I'm afraid Huan Xuan didn't obey orders after he escaped, so he was punished more severely. However, the department is becoming more and more centrifugal. In April, Huan Xuan reorganized the Jingzhou army, with Fu Hong as the pioneer, and once again fought a decisive battle with the diligent king army led by Liu Yi. In May, the Chu army was defeated in an eventful state (now Sun Yicheng, Hubei), and Huan Xuan wanted to escape to Hanzhong (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi) by boat. Near Jiangling, he met the Yizhou Army. Qian Feng, the general of Yizhou, jumped on Huan Xuan's boat and took a knife to kill him. After his death, his nephews, generals Yang Wu and Huan Zhen, mourned the emperor.
Since 398, Huan Xuan has formed a military-political alliance with Yin Zhongkan and Yang Gai, and served as the leader. He was defeated and killed in 404 and controlled the military power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty for seven years. Huan Xuan's military achievements are not as good as Huan Wen's, but it is better to pacify civil strife than Wang Dunqiang.
Emperor Wu of Song (363-422) was born in Suiyuli, Pengcheng County (now Tongshan, Jiangsu Province). Great-grandfather Liu Dongjin crossed the river and lived in Jingkou. His father, Liu Qiao, was a county magistrate Cao and died young. Liu is very poor. He lives by firewood, fishing and selling shoes. He used to be the champion of the northern government soldiers, Sun Wuji.
In the third year of Longan (399), former general Liu Laozhi joined the army. After suppressing the Sun En uprising, he became a tired general and a Pixian magistrate. Huan Xuan relied on his father's ancestral wealth, seeking to seize state affairs. In the name of Sima Daozi and Yuan Xian, he became king in Jiankang, dismissed Liu Laozhi, an old general of the northern government, and promoted Emperor Wu of Song to suppress the rest of Sun En in the southeast coast. Emperor Wu of Song showed deference to Huan Xuan, and at the same time, he stood together in the northern government soldiers to resist.
On the first day of February in the third year of Yuan Xing (404), Emperor Wu of Song rose in his hometown of Jingkou to crusade against Huan Xuan, the king of Chu who usurped gold. In 405, after Sima defeated Huan Xuan, Emperor Dezong of Jin 'an was reinstated as Liu Wei's assistant, general riding a bicycle, military commander at home and abroad, secretariat, secretariat of Yanzhou and minister of history. From then on, Emperor Wu of Song controlled the political affairs of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In less than 20 years, Emperor Wu of Song quelled the civil war, defeated the maritime uprisings of Sun En and Lu Xun successively, and wiped out military groups such as Huan Xuan and Liu Yi. He devoted himself to the Northern Expedition, took Bashu, attacked Southern Yan and destroyed Qin. He has grown from an ordinary soldier to a military commander with outstanding achievements. After Emperor Wu of Song gained power with Jinshi, in 409, he led an army to destroy Southern Yan regime in Guanggu (now Yidu County, Shandong Province) and defeated Lu Xun again. For six years (4 12), Yixi attacked Qiaozong in Sichuan and conquered Bashu. In 405-4 15, emperor Wu of song wiped out the major separatist forces in the south, unified the south, and achieved unprecedented unity in the history of the eastern Jin dynasty and the southern dynasties. In the ninth year of Yixi (4 15), Yao Xing died at the end of Qin Dynasty, and Yao Hong succeeded to the throne, which led to chaos in Guanzhong. In the first year of Yuanxi (4 17), Chang 'an was conquered, the later Qin Dynasty was destroyed, and the Song Dynasty was sealed.
In the second year of Yuanxi (420), Emperor Wu forced Sima to abdicate, that is, he proclaimed himself emperor, with the title of Song, and changed to Yuan Yongchu. When the Eastern Jin Dynasty perished, China began to enter the Southern and Northern Dynasties. In the early period of Liu and Song Dynasties, because Emperor Wu of Song recovered the three northern countries of Qing, Yan and Si at the end of Jin Dynasty, he generally owned a vast area south of the Yellow River and became the dynasty with the largest territory, the strongest strength, the most developed economy and the most prosperous culture in the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties. Emperor Wu of song reigned for three years. During his reign, he was politically clear and made great achievements, and died in Jiankang in 422 AD. At the age of 60. The temple name is Gaozu, whose name is Song Wudi, and he was buried in Chuning Mausoleum (now Zijinshan, Nanjing, Jiangsu).
Emperor Wu of Song began to control the military power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in 405, and usurped the throne to become emperor in 420, and controlled the military power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty 16 years.
From the founding of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in 365,438+08, it was besieged by powerful generals. Jin Yuan Emperor was forced to death by Wang Dun, Jin was abolished by Huan Wen, Sima Yi, Huan Xuan forced Jin 'an Emperor to abdicate, and Wu Di abolished Jin 'an Emperor and Emperor. In the lineage of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in 103, the powerful ministers controlled it for 59 years, accounting for nearly 60%. Therefore, although the Jin master has the respect of the south, he is actually the same as Han Xiandi and Wei Shaodi.