Jiutian Xuan Nv is called Xuan Nv for short, commonly known as Jiutian Xuan Nv Empress. Originally a goddess in ancient China mythology, she was later decorated as a fairy by Taoism.
Taoism and Nine-Day Xuan Nv
Related records
There are two Xuan Nv in the history of Taoism. One is Xuan Nv, who is often called Motome. He talks about family arts. Ge Hong's "Ji Yan in Bao Puzi" says that the Yellow Emperor "talks about the cultivation of Taoism, and the two women are endowed with metaphysical simplicity". The Biography of Xuanyuan (Volume 100) and the Seven Signs of the Cloud say that the Yellow Emperor "studied in Xuan Nv and Motome".
Taoist legends
A Taoist goddess who is good at the art of war. Originally a figure in ancient mythology, it was later listed as its god by Taoism. Du Guangting's "Yu Cheng You Xian Lu" said that the Yellow Emperor and Chiyou fought in Zhuolu, Chiyou practiced magic and spent three days in fog. Both inside and outside, the Yellow Emperor can't win. Because he was placed under Mount Tai, the Queen Mother of the West sent a messenger to give him a token to meditate and pray to heaven. There must be too much inducement. A few days later, Xuan Nv rode a phoenix and a royal dragon, dressed in nine colorful clothes, and came to the Yellow Emperor's house. He was awarded the symbol of loyalty of six soldiers, the book of ghosts and gods, the seal of magic and psychic, and the sword of ten demons in Jiuguang Jade Festival. The Yellow Emperor led his ministers to fight against Chiyou again, so he destroyed Chiyou in the wild and killed Yugang in Sakamoto with his magic power to pacify the world. After the Yellow Emperor cast a tripod at the foot of Jingshan Mountain, Huanglong was welcomed into the Heavenly Palace. According to Taoism, the victory of the Yellow Emperor's art of war and the skill of reaching the immortal are the symbolic secrets given by Xuan Nv in the Nine Days. Xuan Nv is the teacher of the Yellow Emperor and the disciple of the Virgin Yuan Jun in the Nine Days. Books and articles handed down by later generations are all called Huangdi Xuan Nv, and their contents are either Sun Tzu's Art of War or the Art of Yin and Yang.
The name of the nine-day Xuan Nv.
Tiannv, a Taoist name, is commonly known as Jiutian Xuan Nv and Jiutian Empress. According to ancient myths and legends, she is a powerful goddess. Because of her exploits in eliminating violence and protecting people, the Jade Emperor named her the Nine-Day Xuan Nv and the Nine-Day Virgin.
Nine days xuan Nv's status.
Xuan Nv, also known as Xuan Nv, Yuan Nv, Jiutian Nv and Jiutian Niangniang, is the ancient goddess of China. Although her position in folk beliefs is not prominent, she is a god of justice, and her image often appears in classical novels, and she has become a heroine who helps heroes eliminate disasters and violence, so her position in Taoist immortals is often important.
The prototype of Nine Days Xuan Nv
Statement 1:
The original image of Xuan Nv in Nine Days is a mysterious bird. The Book of Songs Shang Song Xuan Bird said: "Xuanniao was born from the sky, and Shang Dynasty was born from the ground. The ancient emperor ordered Wu Tang, and the territory was everywhere. This is a poem that descendants of Yin and Shang Dynasties sacrificed their ancestors. It means that the Emperor of Heaven ordered Xuanniao to give birth to the ancestor of Shang Dynasty and established a powerful Shang Dynasty. Xuanniao is the ancestor of Shang. According to Records of Historical Records and Yin Benji, it is said:
"Yin Qi, mother said Judy, has a daughter, is the second princess of Di Ku. After a threesome bath, Judy swallowed the egg of a mysterious bird, was trapped and got pregnant. The long contract period has contributed greatly to water control.
Seal in the business, give the surname son. According to "Lu Chunqiu, the beginning of the sound", "You are a man who has lost two daughters, and 90% are people on the stage. Its diet must be drummed, and the emperor will watch it. If it is a song, it will be argued. Then use a jade basket, choose less, watch it, leave two eggs, fly north, and don't return. " Gao said in the Eastern Han Dynasty, "The emperor is heaven. The fate of an egg has a surname, and a contract is born by swallowing it. " Qi, pronounced Chip (Xie, also known as Chip. ) The legendary ancestor of Shang Dynasty, son of Di Ku. Mother's name is Judy. Ju Shang (now Shangqiu South, Henan Province) and Ju Fan (now tengxian, Shandong Province). Legend has it that the Shang clan is related to the mysterious bird, which should be closely related to the worship of the mysterious bird totem by the Shang clan.
As early as before the Sui Dynasty, there was a book called "Huang Difa asked the Xuan female soldiers". The book records in detail the story that Xuan Nv helped the Yellow Emperor defeat Chiyou. Among them, Xuan Nv was transformed by Xuanniao. Although she has not broken away from the bird shape, she has taken a step forward and become a goddess who helps people in distress and teaches the art of war.
Statement 2:
There is also a saying that the Nine-Day Xuan Nv comes from the "Goddess of Heaven". "Shan Hai Jing Huang Da Bei Jing" says: "Some people wear Tsing Yi, which is called the biography of the Yellow Emperor. Chiyou fought the Yellow Emperor, which was the 30-year field that Ying Long attacked. Ying Long stores water. Chiyou asked Fengbo and Rain God to ride the waves together. The Yellow Emperor is a goddess, and when the rain stops, he kills Chiyou. " This goddess was invited by the Yellow Emperor. Specially deal with Fengbo and Rain Master invited by Chiyou. Originally it belonged to the early female goddess, and later it became Xuan Nv with a bird's head.
According to the records of "Seven Stories of Clouds" and "Yucheng Fairy", Shennong was an ancient emperor who made contributions to the Chinese nation, but when his grandson Yu ruled the world, the national government repeatedly lost its way, and the princes embezzled each other and wars continued. The strong have their own cities, and those who usurp the five elements and claim to be emperor names include Di Qing, a descendant of Tai Hao, Chi Di, a descendant of Shennong, Bai Di, a descendant of Gong Shi, and Huangdi, the leader of Shineng tribe. When you arrive in Chiyou, it is not for the virtue of your ancestors, but to safeguard the people's hearts. Instead, it relied on copper-headed iron arms to rise up and make an insurrection, embezzle the States, and the people were miserable. Chiyou looks terrible. Generally speaking, it is considered as "a beast with a human voice, a copper head and an iron forehead, eating sand and stones", or "a cow's hoof with four eyes and six hands, ears like an executioner's halberd, and a horn on its head."
The Yellow Emperor succeeded to the throne for twenty-two years and was a corporal of courtesy. In order to save the people, we fought Chiyou and Zhuolu. However, with the help of dark magic, Chiyou was defeated in nine battles, although he was helped by two sages, Hou Feng and Li Mu. So the Yellow Emperor prayed devoutly to Mount Tai, and finally the Queen Mother of the West was deeply moved. The Queen Mother of the West sent envoys to put the real charm on the Yellow Emperor first, and then ordered Xuan Nv to come and teach him the three palaces and five righteousness, the strategy of Yin and Yang, the technique of six-man stepping to avoid armour in Taiyi, the machine of the yin charm, the writing of Lingbao's five charms and five victories, and the seal of the military charm. In addition, he also made eighty real bull drums for the Yellow Emperor, which made the Yellow Emperor and Chiyou win the decisive battle and settled the quartet. Therefore, Wang Bo, a writer in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in the "Ganyuan Palace Fu": "The emperor heard about the bird, and Xuan Nv recommended the dragon court." At this point, Xuan Nv has completely escaped from the trace of animals and has become an upper-bound fairy to help the heroes who should be ordered.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, the King of Wu had no choice but to send Xuan Nv to help the State of Wu. Xuan Nv became a virgin in Nanshan, and was hired as a Buddhist teacher by Yue State to teach 6,000 gentlemen's troops. In the Wuyue War, 6,000 warriors were invincible, but the Notre Dame of Nanshan retired. After the King of Yue ruled Jiangdong, he missed Xuan Nv's previous achievements and sent messengers to search for him. There is no trace to be found, that is, a fairy temple was built on Nanshan and sacrificed at the age of 20. At that time, when Xuan Nv visited the dreamland, he saw a Baiyun Cave in the mountain, and the fairy was nearby, so he went to have a rest. Yuan Gong, an ape incarnated in a cave, made a pious pilgrimage to Xuan Nv, picking flowers and offering fruits all day as a sacrifice. Xuan Nv saw that he was cautious and diligent in practice, so he taught him swordsmanship. Gong Cheng took the white ape to heaven to appear before Tian Yan, and the Jade Emperor was very satisfied with it. Yuan Gong was named prince of Baiyun Cave and appointed secretary for nine days.
According to "Sui Shu", Xuan Nv once explained to the Yellow Emperor the techniques of throwing and lifting by men and women, which shows that Xuan Nv is still a fairy with a good way of keeping in good health.
Other legends of Xuan Nv in Nine Days
Our Lady of Nine Days was a mysterious bird in ancient times, with a bird head and a bird body. Born in the next Covenant, Tang Yu was Stuart, sealed in the Shang Dynasty, and passed on the thirteenth generation of Taiyi to establish the Zhou Dynasty. According to historical records and myths and legends, she is a disciple of Yuan Jun, the Queen Mother of the West, and a strategist of the Yellow Emperor. In view of her amazing "gobbledygook" art of war, she was the first outstanding female strategist in ancient China.
Legend has it that in ancient times, the Yellow Emperor and Guo (sound idiot) were particularly good at fighting Zhuolu (now Zhuolu County, Hebei Province), and they were invincible in nine wars. In the violence of Chiyou, he sacrificed magic to make the fog disappear for three days and nights, making it difficult for the sergeant to see the sun, not knowing the direction of the mountains and rivers, and trapping the Yellow Emperor under Mount Tai. Seeing that the sergeant could not fight, the Yellow Emperor led his troops back to Mount Tai and fell asleep at night. Notre Dame de Xiling left an emissary, which was given to the Yellow Emperor by Qiu, saying, "One is in front, the other is behind, the winner is king, and the fighter wins." "The charm endowed by Notre Dame de Xiling" is three inches wide and one foot long, with green jade as jade and Dan blood as text. "After the knighthood, Notre Dame de Xiling ordered disciple Xuan Nv to teach the Yellow Emperor" the strategy of yin and yang, three palaces and five righteousness, the technique of fighting with six princes, the machine of yin symbols, and the article of Lingbao's five charms and five victories ". In order to defeat Chiyou, Xuan Nv made 80 giant cowhide drums for the Yellow Emperor in nine days, and then awarded the Yellow Emperor a plan and a sword seal for preparation.
According to Shan Hai Jing Ye Dong Jing, as an ancient god beast, Kuiniu was born in Langshan of the East China Sea in ancient times. "It is shaped like a cow, pale and angular, and can walk on one foot. When entering the water and leaving the water, it is windy and rainy, and the eyes are like the sun and the moon. Its voice is like thunder, so it is called Kuikui. When the Yellow Emperor killed it, he beat drums with his skin, and it was heard in five hundred miles. " The Huangdi Neijing says, "The Huangdi hacked Chiyou, and Xuan Nv made a royal 80-face cowhide drum, shaking it for 500 miles and even shaking it for 3,800 miles. "Nine days, Xuan Nv ordered soldiers to slaughter real cows and beat eighty drums, so that the Yellow Emperor, assisted by Xuan Nv for nine days, went to China and Hebei to fight against Human-God. The Yellow Emperor got off the "Daoism" array, and even the sergeant beat eighty huge cowhide drums with Lei Shou's bones. At that time, the drums were deafening, shaking 500 Li and 3,800 Li. I saw that the whole battlefield was shaking, and the sky was spinning, shouting and killing the nocturnal people, which made the soldiers of Chiyou count their fans and kill Yuanmen, and the defeat was like a mountain. "Killing a stone with a copper head" means eating a stone as a meal, and it can "fly away." However, in the real drums, "stop it with nine blows, especially if you can't leave, then kill it." "Later, the Yellow Emperor killed Yu Yu in Sakura (now southeast of Zhuolu County, Hebei Province). After this bloody battle, the world was settled.
Legend has it that Daoshu Shengong had 4320 innings at first, and then it was gradually reduced to 1080 and 72 innings, and then only 18 innings remained. According to "Taiping Guangji" Volume 56; All kinds of wonders of Hyunri in the past dynasties, "The Book of Heaven", are related to the nine-day Xuan Nv's chaos control. According to legends of past dynasties, when there was chaos in the world, sometimes Xuan Nv granted nine days, and sometimes the master did it; For example, during the Warring States Period, Sun Bin got three volumes of gobbledygook, eight methods of escape and six Ling Wen from Guiguzi.
In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, it is said that when Zhuge Liang led his troops into Sichuan, he drove troops to take stones and laid stone arrays on the fish belly beach near the mountains and rivers, which is called the Eight Arrays. Zhuge Liang according to Taoist magic "rest, life, injury, supervision, scenery, death, shock, open." Disposal. Its array repeats eight times every hour every day, and the change is unprovoked. At dusk, the commander-in-chief of Soochow, Lu Xun, strayed into the eight gates of death, and the wind blew fiercely in an instant. The earth was covered with flying sand and stones, and the rocks stood on the ground like swords, overlapping like mountains, and the sound of rivers was like the sound of swords and drums, comparable to that of 100 thousand elite soldiers. Lu Xun, the commander-in-chief of Soochow, was so scared that he couldn't get in or out, and he shouted, "I've been tricked by Zhuge!" What Zhuge Liang's old father-in-law Huang did, he led himself to death outside the door, otherwise he would be trapped in the Eight Arrays. Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, once chanted: "The Three Kingdoms are divided and bound by their greatness, and the eight-sided fortress stands in its name, beside the vicissitudes of life, and the stone is sad for it, failing to conquer the State of Wu."
Legend has it that Xue sent troops to conquer North Korea and was given five treasures by Xuan Nv within nine days, namely, white tiger whip, fire and water robe, thunder bow, cloud-piercing arrow and wordless gobbledygook, thus achieving great victory in the East. "Water Margin" said that Sung River was chased by Jiangzhou leaders, fled to an ancient temple in Huandao village, hid in the kitchen and was searched several times. With God's help, a boy from Tsing Yi was introduced to Xuan Nv for nine days. On nine days, Xuan Nv gave Song Jiang three volumes of gobbledygook, saying, "Song, pass on three volumes of gobbledygook. You can do justice for heaven, be loyal to the Lord and help the world, help the country and the people, eliminate all evils and turn right. Don't forget not to let go. " Legend has it that before Liu Bowen came out of the mountain, he got four volumes of gobbledygook in Luodong, Chuzhou, and then used it to help Zhu Yuanzhang conquer the world and won the first prize. The nine-day legend of the Virgin Mary in history is mysterious, which casts a mysterious aura on the faithful men and women in China. In Beijing, there are three temples dedicated to the Nine-Day Virgin, which are spread all over the country, and have become the goddesses who have been burning incense and praying for the peace and happiness of the whole people. The name of Jiutian Xuan Nv first appeared in Wei Shu of Han Dynasty.
"Dragon Fish River Map" says: "Before the Regency of the Yellow Emperor, there were eighty-one Chiyou brothers, who were famous all over the world for their animal words, bronze heads and iron heads, eating sand and stones, and building soldiers to fight with swords, halberds and crossbows. ..... The Yellow Emperor's benevolence and righteousness can't forbid Chiyou, so he mourned and sighed. God sent Xuan Nv to earth to give the Yellow Emperor the power to believe in magic symbols and subdue Chiyou. " He also said: "The emperor attacked Chiyou, the queen mother of the West, in her sleep and sent a Taoist priest. Taiyi is ahead, just in case', and was commended by Qiu. The river gives news, and there is no way to fight. The Yellow Emperor, ... set up an altar to sacrifice too quickly, and a mysterious turtle bit out of the water and stayed in the altar. The Yellow Emperor once again kowtowed and accepted the symbol as a dream. It is three inches wide and one foot wide. So the Yellow Emperor attached it to the sign, and this bird is Chiyou. "Then there was the book" The Yellow Emperor asked Xuan Nv's Tactics "to interpret the above story. Historical Records and Book of Old Tang Dynasty recorded three volumes of The Yellow Emperor Asked Xuan Nv's Law, covering this book, probably from the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Among them, there is a cloud: "The Yellow Emperor and Chiyou are invincible in nine battles. The Yellow Emperor returned to Mount Tai, and it was foggy for three days and nights. There was a bird-headed woman, and the Yellow Emperor bowed his head again and again, afraid to get up. The woman said,' I'm Xuan Nv. What do you want to ask? The Yellow Emperor said,' Where should we start if we want to win every battle and hide everything? Then I got the tactics. "Ming dong Zhang Si's" Broad Natural History "(Volume 9) once quoted the article" Women Soldiers Law "and recorded the above story. The article said: "Chiyou is changeable, and it calls for rain, blowing smoke and spraying medicine, and the teacher of the Yellow Emperor is fascinated. The emperor went back to the mountain to rest. He was sleepy and worried that he could not sleep.
The emissary of the Queen Mother was conferred the title of Emperor by Qiu of Xuan Hu. Fu Guang is three inches long and one foot long, green as jade, and Dan's blood is the text. After Fu Pei finished, the queen mother ordered a woman, the first bird, to say to the emperor,' I have been in Xuan Nv for nine days.' He gave the emperor the strategy of Yin and Yang, three palaces and five righteousness, the skill of stepping on a bucket by six nobles in Taiyi Tibetan armor, the machine of Yin charm, and the five spells of Lingbao, so he can kill you in Hebei, China.
A few years later, the Queen Mother sent messengers to the imperial court next to Bailuyuan, the god of white tigers, and gave him a map. "This article is much better than" The Yellow Emperor asks Xuan Nv's Tactics ",which is more Taoist. It should have been published later, probably in the Sui and Tang Dynasties.
Du Guangting, a Taoist priest in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, synthesized the above information and wrote the Biography of Xuan Nv in Nine Days, which was included in Volume 6 of Yucheng Fairy Record (and Volume 114 of Qiyun Zheng). The biography also narrates the story that Xuan Nv gave the Yellow Emperor a rune to break Chiyou, but clearly stated that Xuan Nv was a Taoist immortal. The first sentence of the biography is a cloud: "Nine days Xuan Nv, teacher of the Yellow Emperor, disciple of the Virgin Yuan Jun." Ji Yun: "The Queen Mother sent an emissary, wearing the fur of a mysterious fox, to give the emperor a token, saying,' If you think it over, you will have a response from your superiors.' When Xuan Nv arrived and the emperor was ordered to worship again, Xuan Nv said, "I am the teacher of Ether, and I can ask you questions. "When the Yellow Emperor told him to teach the tactics," Xuan Nv gave the six soldiers the symbol of loyalty, Lingbao the five symbols of ghosts and gods, and the seal of five civilizations "to the emperor, so" Chiyou was destroyed in the wild, the hometown of the north of the river, and was buried in four graves. "After this description, Xuan Nv became an ancient fairy in nine days and was included in the Taoist spectrum.
Nine-day Xuan Nv also had an impact on ancient China society. On the 40th anniversary of the Water Margin, Song Gongming returned to Daocun with three volumes of gobbledygook, and met Xuan Nv for nine days, telling the story of Song Jiang hiding in Xuan Nv Hall for nine days when he was chased by officers and soldiers, and being saved by Xuan Nv for nine days, and being given three volumes of the art of war.
The Legend of Xuan Nv in Nine Days (Ⅱ)
A Taoist goddess who is good at the art of war. Originally a figure in ancient mythology, it was later listed as its god by Taoism. Du Guangting's "Yu Cheng You Xian Lu" said that the Yellow Emperor and Chiyou fought in Zhuolu, Chiyou practiced magic and spent three days in fog. Both inside and outside, the Yellow Emperor can't win. Because he was placed under Mount Tai, the Queen Mother of the West sent a messenger to give him a token to meditate and pray to heaven. There must be too much inducement. A few days later, Xuan Nv rode a phoenix and a royal dragon, dressed in nine colorful clothes, and came to the Yellow Emperor's house. He was awarded the symbol of loyalty of six soldiers, the book of ghosts and gods, the seal of magic and psychic, and the sword of ten demons in Jiuguang Jade Festival. The Yellow Emperor led his ministers to fight against Chiyou again, so he destroyed Chiyou in the wild and killed Yugang in Sakamoto with his magic power to pacify the world. After the Yellow Emperor cast a tripod at the foot of Jingshan Mountain, Huanglong was welcomed into the Heavenly Palace. According to Taoism, the victory of the Yellow Emperor's art of war and the skill of reaching the immortal are the symbolic secrets given by Xuan Nv in the Nine Days. Xuan Nv is the teacher of the Yellow Emperor and the disciple of the Virgin Yuan Jun in the Nine Days. Books and articles handed down by later generations are all called Huangdi Xuan Nv, and their contents are either Sun Tzu's Art of War or the Art of Yin and Yang.