Symptoms of depression:

In recent years, depression can be said to be the most talked about disease. So, what are the manifestations of patients with depression?

The symptoms of depression can be summarized as depression, slow thinking and association, and reduced movements, which mainly include:

(1) Depression: the most important symptom. At first, it may be manifested as a decline in the ability to experience various emotions in a short period of time, listless and uninterested in everything. The patient feels that there are "negligence" and "unsatisfactory things" in front of him and can't go back. The prospect of the future is dim, the joy disappears completely, and the idea of world-weariness gradually germinates. Severe depression always leads to self-blame, and patients feel that they have lost their ability to work and become waste or social parasites. Some exaggerate the general shortcomings and mistakes of the past into unforgivable sins and repeatedly ask for treatment. Patients may refuse to eat or only eat rice because of evil delusions. When you are extremely depressed, you can commit suicide or punish yourself.

(2) Slow thinking association: slow speech, low pronunciation, little language, slow response, and great resistance to every sentence and every action. In the worst case, it can be a coma. Patients with agitation depression have significantly increased speech actions, anxiety and fear, excitement and self-injury, which is very dangerous.

(3) Movement, especially gestures, is reduced and slow: a few severely depressed people can be silent and stay in bed, which is called depressive stupor. Suicide attempts and behaviors are the most dangerous symptoms of patients with depression. It can appear in the severe stage of symptoms, and it can also appear in the early stage or when it improves. Patients often plan carefully in advance and take covert actions to avoid the attention of medical staff, so suicide is often successful.

(4) Physical symptoms: the patient's face is haggard and old, his eyes are dull, his appetite is poor, his physique is declining, his sweat and saliva secretion are reduced, he is constipated, and his libido is decreased. Female patients often have amenorrhea. Waking up early is the most prominent sleep disorder and one of the characteristic symptoms of depression. Patients often wake up 2-3 hours earlier than before, and can't sleep after waking up, full of pessimism, waiting for this day. This symptom is of great significance in diagnosis.

(5) "Concealed depression": Some patients with depression have obvious physical symptoms, often manifested as repeated or persistent headache, dizziness, chest tightness, shortness of breath, general weakness, palpitation, constipation, abnormal appetite, weight loss, etc. Symptoms of depression are often masked. Physical examination often has no corresponding positive findings, and such patients are often treated in internal medicine for a long time and are often mistaken for neurosis and other diseases. This kind of patients are ineffective in symptomatic treatment, but antidepressant treatment can achieve better results, so it is called "hidden depression".

(6) The symptoms of depression are more severe during the day than at night, especially in the early morning.

Manifestations of depression:

1, no interest, no pleasure: original hobbies such as playing ball, singing, outing, playing chess, playing cards, etc. They have become dull, and they can't enjoy the joy of life, let alone the happiness of their families. Can't feel the passion of love and lose the ability to love. Sexual desire and appetite will be reduced, and the whole person will become insensitive, without love and desire.

2. hope less: People suffering from depression feel that their future is bleak, and everything has become very bad and hopeless regardless of health, study and career. It seems that the end of the world is coming, and he is going to die. Fear crept into every corner of his life, devouring his soul, unconsciously weakening his confidence, and even making him unable to make a decision on such small things as what tie to wear and what to eat for lunch, becoming at a loss and difficult to choose. Compared with the fear of death, he is more afraid of the process of death and the torture of death. He will pay great attention to every pain in his body, every abnormal feeling and even some physiological changes as symptoms. When he thinks about his dead relatives and the disease that took their lives, he will somehow think that he also has this disease?

3, helplessness: Depression seems to be a prison, not only lonely, but also a kind of isolation, he will feel powerless and helpless, no one can save himself, and everything is irreparable. What's more frightening is that he has no intention of breaking through at all, because he thinks everything is in vain and impossible to succeed. All comfort and sympathy can't penetrate the wall that separates him from the world, and no warm care can touch his heart.

4, no motivation, no motivation: I don't want to go to work, I don't want to go out and interact with people, and I need others to supervise my daily life such as eating and bathing. The patient feels that the whole person has "collapsed", and his spirit and body have lost their motivation, no longer have any requirements, and there is no hope for life.

5. Sense of worthlessness and uselessness: Patients feel that they have no skills, nothing, nothing, a pool of mud, a complete waste, a parasite, useless to society, and exhausted their brains and physical strength. He feels that living in the world is the burden of others and often blames himself.

6. Meaningless: Life is regarded as a stagnant pool, lifeless and meaningless. Living is equivalent to suffering and sin, and it has no meaning except silently enduring loneliness, pain, helplessness and fear.

Sick people live like years, life is worse than death, and death is often regarded as the end of eternal peace and terror. Sick people often have suicidal thoughts or even commit suicide. 15% of patients with depression ended in suicide.

What is depression:

Depression is a mental illness characterized by depression? Depression is characterized by depression and worldweariness. Patients feel sad, often sigh, lose interest in things, often have headaches, upset, nightmares, fatigue, diarrhea and so on. When the disease is serious, people will have strong world-weariness and even suicidal thoughts. The cause of depression is usually obvious mental trauma, such as unfortunate experiences in life, career setbacks, not being reused, interpersonal disharmony and so on. Depression is also closely related to people's personality. The personality characteristics of such patients are generally introverted, withdrawn, sentimental and dependent. Depression is very harmful to people. It will completely change people's understanding of the world and interpersonal relationships, and even end their lives by committing suicide. Therefore, it is very important to treat patients with depression in time. The treatment method is mainly psychotherapy, supplemented by drug treatment. For patients suffering from depression due to family and work problems, social treatment should be carried out, that is, psychological doctors should be the mainstay, and with the cooperation of patients' relatives and friends and unit leaders, patients should be enlightened, and all aspects should care about patients and change their working environment, so that patients' leaders and colleagues can change their wrong views on patients and establish confidence in life, which can often receive good results.

Differential diagnosis of depression;

(1) Endogenous depression:

If one of the following symptoms exists, the possibility of endogenous depression should be considered:

1, that is, a history of mania or depression.

2. Have a history of mania or depression in the family.

3. Mania is in the process of this disease.

4. Have mental retardation.

5, wake up early or symptoms have morning light and late weight changes.

6, visceral function is low, loss of appetite or weight loss, and there is no physical disease.

7, the concept of self-guilt, any fantasy or delusion.

8. Serious suicide attempt or multiple suicide attempts.

9, life can not take care of themselves, self-knowledge is seriously lacking.

(2) Reaction to depression:

If one of the following situations exists, the possibility of reactive depression should be considered:

1, acute onset, the course of disease is less than half a year.

2. There are obvious environmental factors, and the symptoms are related to environmental factors.

3. Mental trauma often haunts me and is hard to get rid of.

(3) Drug-induced depression:

Patients may find a history of medication.

(4) organic diseases or physical depression:

Organic lesions can be found.

(5) Other neurosis and psychosis associated with depression:

Except for depressive symptoms, the patient has no other neurosis and psychosis symptoms.

Diagnosis of depression:

(1) meets the diagnostic criteria of neurosis.

(2) Persistent mild to moderate depression as the main clinical phase, accompanied by at least three symptoms.

1. Interest has declined, but it has not been lost.

2, pessimistic about the future, but not desperate.

3. Conscious fatigue or depression.

4. Self-evaluation, but willing to accept encouragement and help.

5, unwilling to take the initiative to associate with people, but passive contact is good, willing to accept sympathy and support.

6. I want to die, but I have many concerns.

7. I feel that my condition is serious and difficult to treat, but I take the initiative to seek treatment, hoping to be cured.

(3) none of the following symptoms

1, obvious psychomotor inhibition.

2, wake up early and the symptoms are heavy in the morning and light at night.

3. Serious guilt and self-blame.

4. Persistent loss of appetite and obvious weight loss (not caused by physical diseases).

5. More than one person attempted suicide.

6, life can not take care of themselves.

7. hallucinations and delusions.

8. Self-knowledge defect.

Classification of depression treated by traditional Chinese medicine;

(1) Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment

Deficiency syndrome is more common than excess syndrome, and the main lesions are heart, spleen, liver and kidney. Syndrome differentiation should be the first step in clinic, and it can be divided into five types according to its clinical manifestations.

1, liver depression and spleen deficiency

Main symptoms: sentimentality, pessimism, world-weariness, emotional instability, sighing, fullness in both sides, abdominal distension and diarrhea, lassitude and fatigue, pale red tongue, thin white fur and thready pulse.

Dialectical analysis: this syndrome is caused by emotional disorder, depression of liver and suppression of spleen, emotional injury, liver failure, spleen deficiency and qi stagnation, excessive thinking, emotional instability, pessimism and world-weariness, and sighing; Stagnation of liver-qi leads to pain on both sides, and stagnation of liver-qi leads to abdominal distension and diarrhea, tiredness and lethargy, reddish tongue, thin white fur and thready pulse, all of which are symptoms of stagnation of liver-qi and spleen deficiency. The key points of syndrome differentiation are sentimentality, honesty and kindness, heavy breath, fullness in chest and hypochondrium, abdominal distension and diarrhea, and fatigue.

2. Qi stagnation and blood stasis

Main symptoms: depression, attempted suicide, irritability, slow thinking and association, slow exercise, dull complexion, hypochondriac pain and female amenorrhea. The tongue is dark purple or petechiae, with white fur and heavy pulse.

Dialectical analysis: this syndrome is caused by prolonged stagnation of qi, poor circulation of qi and blood, and phlegm and blood stasis. The main points of syndrome differentiation are depression, slow thinking association, dull complexion, swelling and pain in hypochondriac ribs, purple tongue or petechiae. Stagnation of liver blood, liver dysfunction, depression, sometimes suicidal attempts, irritability, phlegm and blood stasis, fidgeting, so thinking association and exercise are slow. Stagnation of liver qi. Then there is hypochondriac pain, female amenorrhea. Dark complexion, purple tongue or petechiae, and heavy pulse are all manifestations of blood stasis.

3. Deficiency of both heart and spleen

Main symptoms: insomnia, forgetfulness, anorexia, palpitation, fear, sadness, crying, fatigue, pale or sallow complexion, less abdominal distension, loose stool, pale tongue with white fur and thready pulse.

Dialectical analysis: this syndrome is insomnia, forgetfulness, lack of interest, dizziness and easy to cry because of excessive thinking, fatigue and sadness of the spleen, lack of heart and blood, loss of nutrition and inattention. Deficiency of spleen-qi leads to fatigue, deficiency of spleen-qi leads to dereliction of duty and abdominal distension, loose stool. Pale or sallow complexion, pale tongue with white fur and weak pulse are all manifestations of deficiency of qi and blood. Insomnia, forgetfulness, lack of interest, palpitation, dull complexion and weak tongue and pulse are the key points of syndrome differentiation.

4. Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney

Main symptoms: listlessness, depression, sedentary, upset and frightened, palpitation and insomnia, pale complexion, thin stool, female leucorrhea, light and fat tongue, teeth marks on the edge, white fur and heavy and thin pulse.

Dialectical analysis: this syndrome is caused by congenital endowment deficiency, chronic malnutrition, or home renal failure, failure of the next yuan, unstable life door and tepid spleen yang. Yang deficiency and yin excess, so the spirit is low, the mood is low, and I am addicted to lying down and moving less. Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney, phlegm, hyperactivity in heart, listlessness, upset and frightened, palpitation and insomnia. Pale complexion, impotence and nocturnal emission, thin leucorrhea, thin tongue coating or tooth marks, and deep and thin pulse are the key points of syndrome differentiation.

5, yin deficiency and fire flourishing

Main symptoms: restlessness, irritability, palpitation and insomnia, dreaminess, fever of five senses, dry mouth and throat, red tongue with little coating, and rapid pulse.

Dialectical analysis: this syndrome is mostly caused by long-term over-thinking or sexual fatigue that damages the kidney, leading to yin deficiency and excessive fire and disturbing the mind. The hyperactivity of fire due to yin deficiency leads to restlessness, irritability, deficiency of yin and deficiency of qi, so restlessness, irritability, deficiency of yin and deficiency of endogenous heat are all manifestations of hyperactivity of fire due to yin deficiency, dry mouth and throat, red tongue with little fur and rapid pulse. The key points of syndrome differentiation are restlessness, irritability, dry mouth and throat, red tongue with little coating and rapid pulse.

Incidence of depression:

According to foreign statistics, the prevalence rate of this disease is 4.5‰, accounting for 5- 10% of psychiatric outpatient service. The national 1982 epidemiological survey showed that the prevalence rate of this disease was 3. 1 1, accounting for 14.0% of neurotic patients. The prevalence rate in rural areas (4. 12) was higher than that in cities (2.09).

Causes of depression:

The occurrence of this disease is related to the psychological quality of patients and the stimulation of social psychological factors.

(1) psychological factors

The onset of most patients is driven by psychological and social pressure; However, this kind of pressure is mostly contradictions and conflicts in daily life, and almost everyone has experienced it in life, so it is difficult to be used as an inducement, at best, it can only be used as an inducement.

(2) Psychological quality

1, genetic factors

The survey shows that the incidence of emotional diseases, neurosis, personality disorder, alcoholism and suicide in patients' families is higher than that in the general population, which reflects the genetic heterogeneity of the disease. At the same time, heredity determines the susceptibility quality, that is, the personality quality of the disease.

2. Personality characteristics

Some patients have obvious personality abnormalities before illness, such as dependent, acting or borderline personality characteristics. The outstanding characteristics of his personality are low self-evaluation, lack of self-confidence and serious inferiority complex. It is easy to be pessimistic and disappointed when encountering setbacks. It can also be manifested as timidity, obvious dependence and passivity, weakness and sensitivity. Some patients' depression and personality defects are intertwined and difficult to separate, so they are called personality depression.

New breakthroughs have been made in the treatment of depression;

Excerpted from Sina. Com/chanjing/b/20070802/13091580145.shtml Nowadays, the incidence of mental diseases such as schizophrenia, insomnia, depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and neurosis is is increasing year by year, which has aroused great concern in society. It is found that many diseases with high incidence and great harm, such as neuropsychiatry, hypertension and asthma, are caused by abnormal gene regulation. Patients and their families can get twice the result with half the effort if they can seek medical treatment in time. If the illness is delayed, it may constitute unnecessary injury and loss. After long-term experiments and observations, experts have found that some Chinese medicines can regulate some key genes, creating a precedent for gene regulation therapy in traditional Chinese medicine. The preparation of traditional Chinese medicine is wonderful, even if it changes slightly, the curative effect will be very different.

Chinese medicine gene regulation therapy is guided by Chinese medicine theory, which changes the expression of some genes to some extent. Chinese medicine gene regulation therapy has a unique effect on chronic diseases, difficult diseases and other stubborn diseases. At present, the most important function of molecular biology is to regulate and turn off gene expression, and then regulate various advanced life activities of cells. Some traditional Chinese medicines have similar functions and have been proved to have obvious effects.

It is found that traditional Chinese medicine has a two-way regulation effect, while western medicine has a single effect, although the effect is clear and quick. For example, drugs for treating hypertension can only reduce or increase hypertension, but not both; But the same Chinese medicine can lower blood pressure for people with hypertension and raise blood pressure for people with hypotension. Medical experts from Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine extracted medicinal components from the leaves of groundnut, which can treat insomnia that western medicine can't cope with. Although it can produce obvious curative effect, it cannot explain the mystery exactly. Chinese medicine has been circulated for thousands of years. A qualified Chinese medicine practitioner often has to recite hundreds of prescriptions handed down from generation to generation before he can practice medicine independently. Only in the past 100 years, Chinese medicine scholars began to explore effective components and mechanisms. They hope that the intervention of gene technology can point out the direction for clarifying the essence of traditional Chinese medicine. Experts believe that genetic research will help to solve the mystery of TCM treatment. The magical therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine is expected to be revealed through genetic technology.

Practice has proved that Chinese medicine gene regulation has a very satisfactory therapeutic effect on schizophrenia, depression, insomnia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, mania, neurasthenia, phobia, hypochondria, hysteria and other diseases. The medical community generally believes that this method of "treating from the root" will lead the direction of future medicine.

Beijing Jinghua Friendship Hospital has exerted its unique advantages, cooperated with many top medical institutions at home and abroad, made full use of international cutting-edge medical achievements, focused on gene regulation and functional modification, and organically combined with extensive and profound Chinese medicine, making great breakthroughs, especially in the treatment of mental diseases. Experts carefully selected traditional Chinese medicines with the function of regulating cell activities, and developed a series of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions by applying the world's advanced technology, which relieved the troubles of many patients with mental disorders such as depression, insomnia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety disorder, mania, neurasthenia, phobia, hypochondria and hysteria, and gained new life.

In addition, after the holistic therapy of "treating from the root" created by experts, not only the body immunity was quickly cured, but also the spirit was greatly improved, the skin became tender, and many people even cured other diseases. Many patients suffering from chronic depression, insomnia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, mania, neurasthenia, phobia, hypochondria, hysteria, mental disorders and other diseases have successfully recovered here. A netizen once asked her friends to visit the Bell and Drum Tower in detail. Well conditioned.

Self-treatment of mental depression;

With the aging of China's population, mental depression is gradually increasing, but if we can cooperate with self-treatment, we can achieve good results. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that this situation belongs to stagnation of liver qi and disharmony between spleen and stomach, and has accumulated a lot of experience in self-treatment.

I. Daily health care

Keep a cheerful mood and take part in some group entertainment activities, such as dancing and singing!

Add more hobbies, try to take part in some work within your power, and strive for mental and physical dissatisfaction with old age!

Talk to your family, talk about your troubles. Interact with them more, and you can get the infection of young people's vitality.

Second, diet.

Eat more calcium-containing foods, such as soybeans and bean products, red dates, leeks, celery, garlic sprouts, fish, shrimp, sesame seeds, rock sugar, honey, walnuts, milk and so on.

Avoid foods such as alcohol and coffee.

If you use your brain too much before meals, get emotional and angry during meals, and use your brain and work hard immediately after meals, it is not conducive to the disappearance of the disease.

Third, Tai Ji Chuan exercises.

Try to achieve the unity of heart, mind and qi.

Fourth, music therapy.

Listen to relaxing music several times a day.

Five, self massage

Rubbing Guanyuan: press your hands on Guanyuan point and turn clockwise and counterclockwise for 50 turns, from light to heavy, from slow to fast. Once a day.

Guanyuan is located three inches below the navel of the lower abdomen, that is, four horizontal fingers below the navel. It is one of the four ancient health-preserving acupoints. (The other three points are Zusanli, Gaoyishu and Bailao). Traditional Chinese medicine believes that Guanyuan is located in Ren meridian, which has the functions of promoting digestion, correcting endocrine disorders and resisting aging.

Third, medicinal diet.

Olive radish drink

[Ingredients] 300 grams of olives and 500 grams of radishes.

【 Practice 】 Take olives and radishes, add water 1000g, boil over medium fire, and simmer 15min.

[Usage] Feel free to drink.

Jujube porridge

[Raw materials] Ziziphus jujuba seed powder 15g, japonica rice 100g.

[Practice] First, add water to the japonica rice to cook porridge until it is nearly cooked, then add the end of Ziziphus jujuba seeds and cook for a while.

[Usage] Warm clothes in the morning and evening.

【 Function 】 Nourish the heart and soothe the nerves, and stop sweating. Palpitation, insomnia, dreaminess.

Semen Ziziphi Spinosae can be eaten raw or fried, and frying for too long will destroy the effective components. It is advisable to fry Ziziphus jujuba seeds for a while and grind them into powder. Family members can grind them with a rolling pin.

Can depression be inherited? ：

The research on the inheritance of depression is mainly through the investigation of families and the study of twins. Many studies have found that the occurrence of depression is closely related to genetic factors, but depression is not a genetic disease. According to the survey, the family history of mental illness among depressed patients can be as high as 30% ~ .4 1.8%, and the probability of depression among relatives of depressed patients is much higher than that of ordinary people, about 10-30 times, and the closer the blood relationship, the higher the probability of illness. According to a survey abroad, the probability that relatives of depressed patients suffer from depression is: first-degree relatives (parents, compatriots)

A study on twins found that the prevalence rate of monozygotic twins was 16% ~ 38%, and that of monozygotic twins was 33% ~ 86%, with a maximum of 92.6%. The study of twin foster care also found the same situation.

The above data show that genetic factors play an active role in the occurrence of depression, but this mainly refers to endogenous depression. As for other depression, such as reactive depression, personality and environmental factors may play a greater role.

Treatment of depression

[Edit this paragraph]

(1) to treat primary disease.

(2) Psychotherapy is generally used in the early stage of unhealthy thinking and depression.

(3) At present, Baiyoujie 20mg tablets/day is commonly used, which should be used under the guidance of a doctor, and the use time and withdrawal should be decided.

Three taboos in the treatment of senile depression;

The treatment of depression in the elderly must pay attention to the following three taboos:

One taboo: lack of patience

Clinical data show that mild depression can obviously improve the symptoms of depression and fatigue in about 2 weeks after scientific and reasonable treatment, and can also improve sleep and appetite, but it does not mean that it is basically "improved", which is only a preliminary treatment result. Do not stop taking drugs at this time, otherwise it will lead to recurrence or gradual aggravation of the disease, which will increase the difficulty of treatment in the future. Random withdrawal of drugs may also cause withdrawal syndrome, increase the pain of patients, and is even more detrimental to health. Experts pointed out that the treatment of mild depression should also persist for more than one year.

Therefore, patients should maintain a steady state of mind, neither too pessimistic nor blindly optimistic, treat the treatment effect correctly, and have the confidence and patience to adhere to long-term scientific and reasonable treatment.

Two taboos: relying solely on drugs.

In the treatment of depression, drugs play an important and positive role and are indispensable key measures. However, patients must not rely solely on drugs and ignore the adjustment of life and psychology. The treatment of depression should be comprehensive, including life, psychology and medicine, so as to achieve a good effect with twice the result with half the effort.

Regularly live, work and rest on time, eat, arrange sports and entertainment time, and avoid staying at home all day to "close" yourself. Adjusting the mentality and making life full of interest not only enhances the confidence of treating diseases but also improves the quality of life.

Three bogeys: worry too much about antidepressants.

In the subconscious of ordinary people, it is believed that all drugs used for mental illness have great side effects, and excessive use will "damage the brain." Therefore, some elderly people are also worried about the use of antidepressants, and think that mild depression is best not to use drugs, and it is best to use drugs occasionally, not to use them more, and not to use them for a long time. This is a misunderstanding. Elderly patients should keep close contact with doctors, use antidepressants rationally under the guidance of doctors, and insist on adequate courses of treatment.