Cao Xueqin's great-grandfather Cao was appointed Jiangning Weaving. Great-grandmother Sun Shi was the nanny of Emperor Kangxi Michelle Ye. Grandfather Cao Yin worked as a squad leader and bodyguard in Michelle Ye, and later as a weaver in Jiangning, who also served as an inspector of salt affairs in two Huai provinces, winning the favor of Michelle Ye. Michelle Ye visited the south of the Yangtze River six times, was taken back four times, and lived in Cao's home. According to Zhou's New Certificate of A Dream of Red Mansions, a secret compromise record of the Cao Shi family in Kangxi period in the Palace Museum shows that Cao Xueqin's father is actually the son of his brother. Because he and his dugu died one after another, Emperor Kangxi wanted the Cao family to continue to be in charge of Jiangning weaving, so he adopted his son to support the portal and was appointed Jiangning weaving. In this way, Cao Xueqin is actually the grandson of Cao Xuan, not the grandson of Cao Yin. After Cao Yin's death, his son Cao Qing and his stepson Cao Fu (the fourth son of Cao Xuan and his younger brother) successively succeeded Jiangning Weaving. Their three generations and four grandchildren have served for 58 years. Cao Xueqin grew up in the "prosperous" life of this "romantic place of Qinhuai" since childhood. In the early years of Yongzheng, the Cao family suffered a series of blows because of Cao Zhisun's dissension and the intervention of the internal political struggle in the imperial court. Cao Fu was dismissed on charges of "misconduct", "harassing the Post" and "deficit", and his property was confiscated. At this time, Cao Xueqin went to Beijing with his family and lived in the mouth of garlic market; Cao Fu was imprisoned and punished, and the "cangue" lasted for more than a year. His family was revived for some time during the Qianlong period. Later, Cao Xueqin met Duncheng and Dunmin in right-wing religious studies and became close friends with them. Hong Xi, the eldest son of Yin Ren, the deposed Prince of Kangxi Dynasty, tried to set up a court and stabbed him in the back, but failed. The Cao family was dragged down and lost again. Since then, the Cao Shi family has been devastated and declining. After a major turning point in his life, Cao Xueqin felt that the world was cold and had a clearer and deeper understanding of feudal society. In his later years, Cao Xueqin moved to the western suburbs of Beijing. Life is even poorer, "covered in wormwood" and "porridge for the whole family". He devoted himself persistently to the revision of A Dream of Red Mansions. In the twenty-eighth year of Qianlong (1763), Cao Xueqin's youngest son died prematurely, and he fell into excessive sadness and grief and was bedridden. On the New Year's Eve of this year (1764 February 12), he finally fell ill and poor, and was about forty years old. Cao Xueqin is "fat, with a wide head and black color". He is arrogant, cynical and unrestrained. Alcoholic, talented and talkative. Cao Xueqin is a poet. His poems are novel in conception and close in style to Li He, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. His friend Duncheng once praised him and said, "Love your poem is wonderful, and you can catch up with the long valley broken fence fan." He added, "I know that your poems are as bold as iron and as cold as the Taoist camp." But there are only two lines in his poem "Duncheng Pipa": "The former residence of Bai Cao Xue Qin."
Fu Shiling should be very happy and will definitely teach beautiful ghosts to put on airs. "Cao Xueqin is also a painter and likes to paint abrupt and steep stones. Dunmin's "Painting Stone in Qinyuan" said: "Proud as a strange monarch, more jagged. I was drunk, and I swept away like a pen, writing a piece of thunder on my chest. "It can be seen that when he painted stones, he put his chest on the injustice. Cao Xueqin's greatest contribution lies in his novel creation. His novel A Dream of Red Mansions is rich in content, profound in thought and exquisite in art, which pushes China's classical novel creation to a peak and occupies a very important position in the history of world literature development. " A Dream of Red Mansions is his works of "ten years review, five additions and deletions" and "every word is like blood, and ten years of hard work is extraordinary". According to the test of "Dream of Red Mansions" after eighty times, he has finished writing it, but it has not been handed down for various reasons. Today, there are 20 popular editions of/kloc-0, and the last 40 editions are edited and published by bookseller Cheng Weiyuan and bureaucrat Gao E. It is generally believed that the last 40 editions were continued by Gao E.
The mystery of editing this paragraph's life experience and birthplace
Not only has his date of birth and death been controversial, but even his name and serial number are uncertain. According to Zhang Yiquan, Cao Xueqin's good friend, it should be Cao, surnamed Zhan, first name. No, Xiqin Levin. However, some researchers believe that his word is Qin Pu and his nickname is Qin Xue. There are two main opinions about his date of birth: one is 17 15, and the other is 1724. Generally speaking, there are three versions of his death year: one thinks he died in 1763, the other thinks he died in 1764, and the last thinks he died in the early spring of 1765. There are two views about Cao Xueqin's ancestral home in the last days: one thinks that his ancestral home is Feng Run, Hebei Province, and he moved to Tieling, Liaodong during Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, and then entered the customs with the Qing soldiers; The other thought that his ancestral home was Liaoyang and later moved to Shenyang. Cao Yuan, his upper group, was a junior officer stationed in Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty. After six years of Emperor Taizong's mandate (AD 1633), he captured Liaoyang.
Edit this life profile
Born at the end of April 26th, 2nd year of Yongzheng, Cao Xueqin (20 pieces) was born in 3rd year of Yongzheng (Division B 1725), 1st year of Qianlong (C Chen 1736), 2nd year of Qianlong (Division D 1737) and 5th year of Qianlong (G Shen/737). Qin Xue's father was dragged down and confiscated again, and his family was destroyed. Xueqin is poor and wandering. He used to be an office boy in the Ministry of Internal Affairs. In the 19th year of Qianlong (JOE 1754), the final edition of Re-evaluating Stone in Chiyanzhai was copied (unfinished). Twenty years after Qianlong (Yihai 1755), the story of the stone continues. In the twenty-first year of Qianlong (Bingzi 1756), the fat batch before the seventy-fifth session recorded: "In the twenty-first year of Qianlong, Bingzi was cleared on the seventh day of May. Lack of Mid-Autumn Poems, as soon as Xueqin. " For the progress of the manuscript at that time. Written by Zhi Yanzhai and Tamenosuke. In the 22nd year of Qianlong (Ding Chou 1757), my friend Duncheng wrote a poem in memory of Cao Xueqin. Looking back at the night talk of the right-wing religion, I advised not to be a rich foodie. "It is better to write a book in Huangye Village." At this point, Xueqin has arrived in Xishan and left a good family in Dunhuibo House (Shihu Hutong in Xicheng). In the twenty-third year of Qianlong (Wuyin 1758), his friend Dunmin often recited Xueqin from Xia Cun poetry to Guiwei teenagers. In the 24th year of Qianlong (Mao Yi 1759), there is a copy of the Mao Yi edition and The Story of the Stone, only the date of "Yan Zhi's comment on writing". In the twenty-five years of Qianlong (Chen Geng 1760), there were Chen Geng Edition and Stone, both of which were read and commented by Zhifuzhai. After twenty-six years of Qianlong (Xinsi 176 1), he returned to Jinling and Beijing. Every time in a friend's poem, he said that "the old dream of Qinhuai still exists" and "the dream of abolishing officials and returning to their hometown" implied the writing of A Dream of Red Mansions. In the twenty-seventh year of Qianlong (Renwu 1762), Dunmin wrote "Drinking Songs with Sword", and Ji Xueqin visited * * * in late autumn. Fat man criticized "Double Ninth Festival at Noon" for saying that "it's very urgent to ask for books", and there was no comment after Double Ninth Festival. When there is a story. Twenty-eight years of Qianlong (imperial concubine 1763), late spring and February. Dunmin Poetry invited Xueqin to get together in early March (for Duncheng's birthday). Not yet. In autumn, I got acne and became sentimental. Fat criticism: "... Qin cried to death before the book was finished;" I tried to cry Qin, but my tears stayed ... "I remember I died at noon on New Year's Eve, at the age of 39. In the 29th year of Qianlong (Shen Jia 1764), Duncheng wrote a poem at the beginning of the year: "Xiaofeng blows yesterday" and "forty years old is too thin", all of which are historical evidences.
Edit this paragraph and A Dream of Red Mansions.
Reasons for writing a book
Cao Xueqin, the author of A Dream of Red Mansions, was born in Nanjing. In the sixth year of Yongzheng, the Cao family was confiscated and moved to Beijing. Cao Xueqin was still young at that time. Where Cao Xueqin lived, how he spent his youth, and so on, because the literature is not recorded, so it can not be consulted. According to the research of Redology scholars, Cao Xueqin and convicted Cao Shi family members all went to Beijing when they were young, and lived in the mouth of garlic market. Their family was once revived during the Qianlong period. Later, Cao Xueqin met Duncheng and Dunmin in right-wing religious studies and became close friends with them. In the end, the Cao family was devastated, and Cao Xueqin lived in Huangye Village, Xishan. His immortal work "The Story of the Stone" may have been written in a mountain village in the western suburbs. Others believe that The Story of the Stone was written by Cao Xueqin when he was teaching right-wing religion. Cao Xueqin lived in poverty and drank heavily in his later years, and his friends often compared him to Ruan Ji of the Jin Dynasty. He is even so poor that he often sells paintings for wine. His paintings were highly praised by his friends at that time. Dunmin's poem "Painting Stone on the Qin Garden" says: "Proud as a monarch, jagged teeth are even more fragmented; Drunk is like a pen, and write the time on your chest! " It can be seen that Cao Xueqin's mind and painting style. Unfortunately, his legacy has not yet been discovered. Cao Xueqin's "The Story of the Stone"
The first eighty chapters of his immortal masterpiece The Story of the Stone were copied and published about ten years before his death. According to experts' research, the second half of the book was basically completed, but for some reason it was not copied and finally lost, which is an irreparable loss. Obviously, the ups and downs of Cao's family and Cao Xueqin's own difficult experience had an important influence on his creation of A Dream of Red Mansions: he lived a rich and luxurious life of prominent nobles and listened to his family's stories about how his ancestors were magnificent and rich; After personally experiencing the decline of his family, he changed from a rich boy to a descendant of a convicted criminal in Qin, and lived a poor life. The sudden change of honor and disgrace made him see clearly the cruelty and cruelty within the ruling class, and also made him deeply fantasize and pessimistic about the world. After the decline of his family fortune, especially after he moved to Xishan rural area in, he personally experienced the poor life, increased his contact with the lower classes, and had a deep understanding of the disparity between the rich and the poor and the class opposition in society. These life experiences and ideological understanding laid the life foundation and ideological foundation for his creation of A Dream of Red Mansions. According to the found literature, it can be considered that Cao Xueqin's life experience is mainly due to misfortune, which makes him feel a lot.
Writing background
Cao Xueqin's ancestors lived in Daxunhe Village, Yaobao, southwest suburb of Tieling, Liaoning Province before the end of Ming Dynasty. When the Jin army plundered the land after Nurhachi, Cao Xiyuan, the distant ancestor of Cao Xueqin, was captured by the Jin army and became Dourgen's domestic slave, belonging to Zhengbaiqi's coating ("coating" is short for Manchu transliteration of "domestic slave" and "coating Aha"). After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, the "Office of the Interior" was set up to manage daily chores such as property, food and utensils and palace chores for the emperor, and Cao Jia became a member of the "Office of the Interior". Cao Zhenyuan's son Cao established a military service system, and officials adjusted salt in Zhejiang and formulated the company's salt law. From Cao Cao's son, Cao Cao's eldest son, to his eldest son, Cao Qing and his nephew, four people have served as Jiangning Weaving in three generations. Weaving is mainly to manage, manufacture and buy palace supplies for the emperor, but in addition, it also serves as the work of collecting information for the emperor. Cao Yin often told Kangxi about all aspects of the South, including politics, economy, culture, ideology, public security, people's feelings and so on. The Cao family has held this position for generations, which shows that they have a particularly close relationship with the emperor. Cao Xi's wife, Sun Shi, was Kangxi's nanny, and Cao Xueqin's grandfather, Cao Yin, was Bandu when Kangxi was a child, and later served as a bodyguard. In the memorial to Kangxi, it was claimed that "all the ministers were vulgar", which showed that Cao furniture had a special status: to the emperor, it was a slave, but to the average person, it was a very prominent bureaucrat and a member of the highest ruling class. After Yongzheng acceded to the throne, Cao Cao was left out in the cold and Cao Fu was reprimanded. At the end of the fifth year of Yongzheng (1727) and the beginning of the sixth year (1728), Cao was ordered to take property, and his widow and other family members returned to Beijing to live in a small number of houses outside Chongwenmen. The Cao family has since declined. Cao Xueqin, who has experienced such family changes, has a profound understanding of the darkness and evil of aristocratic families, which has become an important life foundation for his creation of A Dream of Red Mansions.
Edit this paragraph to identify the family
There is still controversy about Cao Xueqin's national identity. Is Cao Xueqin Manchu or Han nationality? Cao Xueqin's ancestor, Cao Xiyuan, joined the Manchu as early as the end of the Jin Dynasty and belonged to Zhengbai Banner of Manchuria. By Cao Xueqin's generation, Cao Shi's family had lived in Manchu 100 years, and Manchu culture had penetrated into all aspects of Cao Shi's family. No matter from Cao Xueqin himself or from his work A Dream of Red Mansions, we can find the inextricable connection with Manchu culture. Cao Xueqin should be Manchu, or Manchu. The Manchu genealogy of the Eight Banners also includes its ancestors. So far, there is no unified definition of nation. Stalin defined "nation" as "a stable * * * isomorphism formed by people who have the same language, the same region, the same economic life and the same cultural and psychological quality in history" [1]. This is a long-recognized view in China academic circles. China earlier defined nation by Liang Qichao: "Nation is the result of the evolution of folk customs. The most important feature of a nation is: (1) At first, they lived in the same place (if they didn't live together, they couldn't belong to the same family, but later they became the same as the same nation, just separated from other places or different nationalities and mixed in one place ...); (2) Originally, they were of the same descent (they have absorbed other nationalities for a long time and assimilated with each other, but people of the same nationality with different lineages have them); (3) It has the same shape as its limbs; (four) the same language; (5) It has a written description; (6) Believing in the same religion; (7) Conforming to its customs; (8) and their livelihood "[2] Liang Qichao's definition regards bloodline as one of the national characteristics, but he also said that" over time, it will absorb other nationalities and assimilate each other, so people with different lineages and the same nationality will have it. " In other words, they were originally of the same ancestry, but all ethnic groups assimilated with each other, and people of different ancestry can also be the same ethnic group. This situation is common among all ethnic groups in the world, and almost no ethnic group is pure and pure. Ethnologists in China believe that "a nation is not a blood organization, on the contrary, it is the product of the disintegration of blood organizations. Therefore,' bloodline' can never be determined as one of the basic elements of a nation. " [3] No matter from the Marxist view of nationality, ethnologists' point of view, or from the reality of the formation and development of all ethnic groups in China, nationality is not equal to bloodline. In the classic works of Marxism, nationalities are never divided according to blood relationship, but according to the same economy, the same region, the same language and the same national psychological quality. China has always been a multi-ethnic country, which can be counted from Qin Shihuang. From the very beginning, the Han people interacted with Miao, Yue, Dongyi and other border people, creating the splendid culture of the Chinese nation. In history, the establishment of the "Five Chaotic Dynasties", Liao Dynasty, Jin Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty and Qing Dynasty made the population of all ethnic groups mixed with each other. No matter which nation, it is hard to say that its own nation has the so-called "pure blood." Even from the perspective of national development all over the world, it is difficult to find a nation with completely pure blood. From the late Jin Dynasty, a large number of Han, Mongolian and Korean people poured into Manchu. They have long-term contacts in this * * * body, and live and blend together with * * *. Although their origins are different, no one can deny that they are Manchu, and they are in the same body of a nation. There is no doubt that Cao Xueqin's family is of Han descent. But by Cao Xueqin's generation, their family had joined the Eight Banners of Manchuria, lived in Manchu circles for more than one hundred years, and their thoughts, feelings, customs and habits were all Manchu. Cao Jia's joining Manchu was not only recognized by Manchu, but also by Emperor Qianlong. The most powerful evidence is that the Cao Shi family was included in the Manchu genealogy of the Eight Banners as early as the Qianlong period. Eight Banners Manchu Genealogy (80 volumes) is also called Imperial Eight Banners Manchu Genealogy because it was compiled by Emperor Feng Ganlong. The main editors of this book are Prince Haoshi, E Ertai, Cha and Xu. From the 13th year of Yongzheng (1735) to the 9th year of Qianlong (1744), Yi * * * was edited for 9 years. This book * * * contains 1 165438 Manchu surnames except the royal family Ai Xinjue Roche, which mainly records their submission time, native place, official deeds and biographies of important people in each surname. It is worth noting that this is the Manchu genealogy of the Eight Banners, not the Mongolian genealogy of the Eight Banners, and even less the Han genealogy of the Eight Banners. Cao family can enter the Manchu genealogy of the Eight Banners, which shows that his family has belonged to the Eight Banners of Manchuria and its Manchu identity has been recognized. Because this book was "king-ordered" by Emperor Qianlong, in a sense, Manchu in Cao family was also recognized by Emperor Qianlong. Emperor Qianlong said in the imperial edict: "There are many Manchu surnames in the Eight Banners, so it is difficult to test them in books if they are not collected. I tried to find out the surnames of the Eight Banners in detail, and recorded them in detail when they surrendered that year, and compiled them into a book. " When I read the publication and engrave it, it will be immortal. "Obviously, he asked the college students to compile the Manchu Spectrum, which was nothing but the emperor Qianlong's" careful printing ". According to Volume 74 of Eight Banners Manchu Genealogy, Cao Xiyuan, a coat man in Zhengbai Banner, lives in Shenyang and has not returned to China. His son, Cao, used to be a salt passer-by in Zhejiang. Sun Caoxi, former Minister of Industry and Information Technology; Cao Erzheng, former Zuo Ling. Cao Yin, the great-grandson of the former General Political Envoy of the General Political Department; A grass, former escort and deputy team leader; Cao Quan, former treasurer. Sun Yuan Cao Qing, former doctor; Cao Fu, former Yuan Wailang; Cao Qi, former secondary bodyguard and chief assistant; Cao Tianqi, the present state. [4] There are two theories about the ethnic origin of Cao Xueqin: one is the Han nationality, the other is the white flag of the Han army, and the other is the coating of the Han army. These statements are actually inaccurate. From the genealogy of Manchu in the Eight Banners, it can be seen that Cao Shi's ethnic group should be: Zhengbai Banner in Manchu. So should Cao Xueqin. Zhengbai Banner is one of the Eight Banners in Qing Dynasty. As early as the late Jin Dynasty, the Eight Banners were established, namely yellow flag, white flag, red flag, blue flag and yellow flag, white flag, red flag and blue flag. Among them, yellow flag, white flag and yellow flag are the upper three flags, while red flag, blue flag, white flag, red flag and blue flag are the lower five flags. After Cao Jiazu was captured, he belonged to Zhengbai Banner of Manchuria, which meant that Cao Jia officially joined the Manchu Dynasty and became a member of the Manchu Dynasty. The Eight Banners in Qing Dynasty were divided into Manchu Eight Banners, Han Eight Banners and Mongolian Eight Banners. Cao Jiali turned to the Manchu Eight Banners and undoubtedly joined the Manchu identity. As can be seen from the continuation of the above spectrum, Cao Xueqin's ancestor Cao Xiyuan joined the Manchu * * * isomorphism very early. Mr. Hu Shi made a good textual research on Cao Xueqin's family background. In Textual Research on a Dream of Red Mansions, he first made clear the Cao family's lineage: Cao Xiyuan-Cao-Cao-Cao Yin-Cao Fu (Cao Yong)-Cao Xueqin, which means that Cao Xueqin's generation is the sixth generation. Cao Jia VI 142 all lived in Manchu. They have been "completely" and "thoroughly" Manchu.
This passage is edited by Cao Shijia in Manchu.
As a member of the Manchu Shangsanqi, Cao Jia, a native of Zhengbaiqi, Manzhouli, changed from the previous identity of a coating person to a Manchu aristocrat. Although the Cao family was born in a "coating" family, in the past 100 years, they not only joined the Manchu, but also became a "noble family". The Cao family has been an official for generations. By Cao Xueqin's great-grandfather Cao's generation, he had served as an important minister of the Ministry of Industry. Cao also worked as "Jiangning Weaving". "Jiangnan Tongzhi" directly wrote that Cao was Manchu, "Jiangning Weaving: Cao, Manchu, Kangxi served for two years". Cao Xueqin's grandfather Cao Yin was just an ordinary political envoy and senior official, but he also served as Suzhou Weaving and Jiangning Weaving. Cao Xueqin's parents, Cao Qing and Cao Fu, are also weavers in Jiangning. The status of weaving is not high, but it is important. It was subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and served the royal family directly. It was rich in oil and water, and it was a well-paid job at that time. From Cao Xueqin's great-grandfather Cao to his father, Cao Jiazu has been weaving for 58 years. Cao Xueqin's grandfather Cao Yin is also an important writer. He is the author of five volumes of "Poems on the Lotus Pavilion" and one volume of "Notes on Ci", and presided over the editing of "All Tang Poems". At the same time, he left us several plays. The Cao family reached its peak in this generation. Cao Yin's mother is Kangxi's wet nurse, and her Manchu is meme eniye. In Manchu, the position of wet nurse is very high. It can be said that the blood relationship is better than the biological mother, because she not only has to raise the prince, but also educate him from an early age. According to Chen Kangqi's Three Notes on Lang Qian and Moon Hee (Volume 1), Kangxi made a southern tour in summer and April and stayed in Jiangning to weave Cao Yin's house. Cao Shi is honored by the country and is among the pro-ministers. He bowed to his mother Sun Shi. When he saw it, he said happily, "This is an old man in my family." Very rewarding. Xuanhua was in full bloom in the venue, so he gave the imperial book Xuanruitang as a gift. [5] Cao Yin has a close relationship with Kangxi since childhood, and is also his class capital. He held the post of "weaving" in the south for a long time, nominally in charge of weaving affairs in the imperial court, but in fact he had great power. Yuan Mei wrote such a thing in Poems with the Garden: "During the reign of Kangxi, Cao Lianting weaved for Jiangning, and every time he went out, he had eight ambitions, so he would bring a book and watch and play endlessly. People will ask,' Why do you study?' You said,' No, I'm not a local official. People will stand up when they see me. I was very upset, so I used this to cover my eyes and ears. "The prominence of its status can be seen. During the reign of Kangxi, there were six southern expeditions, four of which were taken by Cao Yin while he was in office, and his weaving room was used as the emperor's palace. At the same time, Cao Yin often invited Jiangnan events, and was approved by Emperor Kangxi. On one occasion, Kangxi approved in the memorial that everything about this place should be "closely folded" in the future. On another occasion, when Kangxi learned that Cao Yin had malaria, he immediately gave the medicine, and made an exception and sent it by post-horse starry night. All these show the close relationship between the Cao Yin family and the royal family. Cao Yin's two daughters, Cao Xueqin's two aunts, both married the Prince of Manchuria, one of whom was the "King of Pingjun County who held the red flag" and the other was the "bodyguard of the Prince". In other words, the Cao family is not only a Manchu aristocrat, but also related to the Manchu royal family and has become a royal family. Naiersu, the king of Pingjun County, is the great-grandson of Wang Yuetuo of Keqin County. Yue Tuo is the eldest son of Daishan, the Prince of Rites, and Daishan, the Prince of Rites, is the second son of Nurhachi, the Emperor of Qing Dynasty. Yue Tuo was named King of Keqin County in the early Qing Dynasty, and he was also one of the "Eight Kings with Iron Hats" in the early Qing Dynasty. The so-called "iron hat king" is a king who is hereditary and useless. His descendants will not be degraded and will always attack the king. Naiersu conquered the county king in the 40th year of Kangxi (170 1), died in the 5th year of Qianlong (1740) and was buried in the 4th year of Yongzheng (1726). His first son, Fu Peng, attacked the king of Pingjun County in the fourth year of Yongzheng (1726) and remained there for thirteen years (1749). Fu Peng's eldest son, Qing Ming, attacked Pingjun County in the 14th year of Qianlong (1749) and Qianlong for the 15th year (1750). Qing Heng, the son of Naersu, attacked Pingjun County King in the 15th year of Qianlong (1750), regained the title of Keqin County King in the 43rd year and disappeared in the 44th year (1779). Until the late Qing Dynasty, it was inherited by Keqin County. In terms of kinship, Naiersu, the king of Pingjun County, is Cao Xueqin's uncle, Fu Peng, the king of Pingjun County, is Cao Xueqin's cousin, and Qing Heng, the king of Heping County in Wang Qingming, is Cao Xueqin's junior. It should be said that Cao Xueqin had a very close relationship with Wang Fu and his vassals in Horqin County since childhood. It can be seen that the Cao family has a very close relationship with the family of Emperor Kangxi and Manchu relatives. After more than 100 years' changes, the Cao family not only became an important member of the Manchu Dynasty, but also became an important royal family at that time.
Editor-in-Chief Cao Xueqin, A Dream of Red Mansions and Manchu Writers
Cao family joined Manchu from the late Jin Dynasty and lived in Manchu for nearly a century and a half. In Cao Xueqin's generation, it can be said that it has become an authentic Manchu aristocratic family. Cao Xueqin also became a member of Manchu, living in the cultural atmosphere of Manchu. Cao Xueqin's life circle is basically Manchu literati, even royalty. Such as Zhiyanzhai, Dunmin, Duncheng, Xiao Hong, Toona sinensis, Moxiang, Yongzhong, Yi Ming, Gao E and Yu Rui. The poetry works of these people are rare and important materials for studying Cao Xueqin and A Dream of Red Mansions. Mr. Yi Custom once compiled A Dream of Red Mansions Data Collection and A Dream of Red Mansions Volume [6], which was published in the 1960s. This is an earlier research data set of A Dream of Red Mansions. It can be found in the book that most of the materials for the early study of A Dream of Red Mansions came from Manchu or "standard-bearers". This may not be noticed by many people, but it exists objectively. Cao Xueqin is a Manchu, and he naturally lives in the Manchu cultural atmosphere. Because he is a literati, his life circle is naturally dominated by Manchu intellectuals.
Zhiyanzhai
Who is red inkstone in a dream of red mansions? There is no conclusion yet. Some people say it's Cao Fu, Cao Xueqin's father, Shi Xiangyun, Cao Xueqin's wife, and others say it's Cao Xueqin's uncle. This is from Yu Rui, an imperial scholar. He said in the commentary collection of A Dream of Red Mansions: "I have read the manuscript, which has comments from his uncle Zhi Yanzhai, which is very accurate." The person who clearly recognized A Dream of Red Mansions in His Uncle Zhi Yanzhai was Cao Xueqin's uncle Zhi Yanzhai. Because Yu Rui is from Manchuria, he has a close relationship with Cao Xueqin, so his words are more credible. Zhi Yanzhai and his Comments on A Dream of Red Mansions had a great influence on the creation, circulation and research of A Dream of Red Mansions. Many of his materials and viewpoints are still used by us today. For example, he said, "Only those who can understand can have bitter tears and cry into this book. On New Year's Eve, before the book was finished, Qin died in tears. I want to cry Qin, tears stay. " Among them, "Qin died in tears before the book was finished on New Year's Eve" basically became the conclusion of Cao Xueqin's death time. Another example is "every sentence is heard, witnessed, not made up." The book pictures of the author and Yu Hongloumeng (15 pictures) are actually through ";" There is a true story, a true story "was deleted according to the order of the Western Qin Dynasty; Baoyu is the man we know in books, but we have never seen him in person. These comments tell us that Zhi Yanzhai is undoubtedly Cao Xueqin's closest relative. He and Cao Xueqin witnessed and experienced many things together. In a sense, Zhi Yanzhai participated in the revision and finalization of A Dream of Red Mansions, and his contribution cannot be underestimated.