Zhukov [1] (Georgi Constantinovici zhukov), Georgi Constantinovici zhukov (Russian: георгрконта)
[Edit this paragraph] Germination.
Zhukov was born in a poor family in Koffka village, Strell, Kaluga. Zhukov was an apprentice in Moscow, and was called into the Russian cavalry in 19 15. In World War I, zhukov won the St George's Cross twice for bravery and was promoted to sergeant. After the October Revolution, he joined the Bolsheviks. In an encounter, he fought against 2000 with 100 and held on for seven hours. Get Stalin's appreciation. 19 18- 1920 He took part in the Soviet-Russian civil war. 1923 zhukov became the head of the team. 1930 promoted to brigade commander. He is an enthusiastic supporter of the new armored warfare theory, and his detailed battle plan and strict requirements for discipline have also brought him fame. From 1937 to 1939, Stalin cleaned the army, tukhachevsky, the advocate of armored warfare, was shot and many other military generals were imprisoned. Fortunately, zhukov survived the purge and continued to be promoted. In this case, it is generally believed that zhukov's cavalry background helped him escape. Among the Soviet marshals at that time, voroshilov and Butioni, who came from cavalry, were reused, while the other three were purged.
[Edit this paragraph] Soviet-German War
1938, the Japanese army created friction on the border between Mongolia and the Soviet Union and the puppet Manchukuo established by Japan, and zhukov was sent to the border to organize military deployment against Japan. The Battle of Nomenkan broke out in May 1939. Under the command of zhukov, the Soviet army used a large number of armored forces to carry out blitzkrieg-like three-dimensional mobile operations, and finally encircled the Japanese army and won. This battle was not noticed because it was far away from the main battlefield in Europe, but to some extent, it made Japan give up its intention of going north and set the main direction of using troops in Southeast Asia, so that the Soviet Union avoided being caught between Scylla and Charybdis in World War II. Zhukov was awarded the title of Soviet hero for his excellent command in this campaign. 1940, zhukov was awarded the rank of general, and was later appointed as the Soviet chief of staff.
As the chief of staff, zhukov's main task is to put forward a plan to defend the German attack. With the declassification of the secret archives of the former Soviet Union, some historians believe that zhukov proposed a preemptive attack on Germany in May 194 1, but Stalin refused. 1941On June 22nd, the German army invaded the Soviet Union, the Soviet-German war broke out, and the Soviet army was defeated at the beginning of the war. Zhukov signed an order demanding that the Soviet Red Army immediately organize a counterattack, but it didn't work. After the Germans marched, the focus was on Kiev. After judgment, zhukov proposed that he should withdraw from Kiev to avoid being surrounded by the Germans and causing greater losses. His views and forthright personality caused him to clash with Stalin. He was appointed commander of the reserve army and shaposhnikov took over as chief of staff. The subsequent war process showed zhukov's insight. If Stalin had taken his advice, it would not have caused the tragedy that 660,000 Soviet troops were wiped out in Kiev.
After serving as the commander of the reserve army, zhukov led the army to successfully carry out the Yelinia counterattack and smashed the German vanguard. Stabilized the local front. Leningrad in September is in a hurry. Zhukov was recalled to Moscow, was appointed as the representative of the base camp, and went to Leningrad. From then on, he started the prelude of coordinated command in various places, and was therefore called "fire captain". After zhukov arrived in Leningrad, he immediately suspended the meeting where he was studying the evacuation plan, relentlessly replaced the commanders of the two army groups, arrested and executed some officers who retreated without authorization, and quickly drew up a guarding city plan. Through their own strong will to drive subordinates, rational use of effective forces to focus on defense and counterattack, and stabilize the line of defense. In June 5438+10, the Germans attacked Moscow on a large scale, and zhukov was transferred back to Moscow to defend Moscow instead of Tymoshenko. The defense war ended in February 65438, and the Germans withdrew from the surrounding areas of Moscow.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/942, Stalin and Timoshenko, regardless of zhukov's opposition, forcibly launched Kharkov offensive campaign, which suffered heavy losses. About 500 thousand officers and men were captured, and the Germans went out to the corner of the Don River and the southern foothills of the Caucasus mountains. Zhukov therefore became the Supreme Deputy Commander-in-Chief and was sent to the front line of Stalingrad as a representative of the High Command. It is generally believed that he planned the Battle of Stalingrad with Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr At the beginning of 1943, together with Marshal voroshilov, as the representative of the High Command, cooperated with the Leningrad Army and the Volkhov Army to break through the German blockade of Leningrad. After the victory of the battle, he was promoted to the rank of marshal of the Soviet Union; In the summer of the same year, he coordinated the Battle of Kursk as a representative of the High Command. Rokossovsky, commander-in-chief of the front line, recalled that zhukov did not participate in the decision-making of the Battle of Kursk, and his role was greatly exaggerated. From 65438 to 0944, zhukov, as the representative of the High Command, coordinated and organized the Battle of Belarus codenamed "Bagration". 1945, as the commander of the First Army of Belarus, led the army to conquer Berlin, presided over the unconditional surrender ceremony of Nazi Germany in the middle of the night on May 8, and signed it on behalf of the Soviet Union; On June 24th of the same year, he served as the chief inspector in the victory parade held in Moscow's Red Square (rokossovsky was the commander-in-chief of the troops under review).
[Edit this paragraph] zhukov after the war
After the war, zhukov was suspected by Stalin because of his outstanding military exploits and his own shortcomings. 1946, sokolovski succeeded the German Soviet Commander-in-Chief, and zhukov became the Soviet Commander-in-Chief. 1947 was accused by Stalin, and was sent to Odessa Military Region, far away from Moscow, as commander, and later demoted to the second military region in Urals, where the strategic position was even less important. Zhukov was recalled to Moscow in 1953, but Stalin died immediately, so it is impossible to confirm the reason why zhukov was recalled. 1953 zhukov participated in the arrest of beria, so he became the first deputy minister of the Ministry of National Defense. From 65438 to 0955, he served as the defense minister of the Soviet Union. 1956, zhukov made a plan to invade Hungary. 1957, Khrushchev clashed with Molotov and bulganin, who demanded Khrushchev's resignation at the presidium meeting, and Khrushchev demanded a plenary meeting in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Zhukov supported Khrushchev, sent military planes to send all the Central Committee members to Moscow, and delivered a powerful speech, accusing Molotov and others of participating in Stalin's purge movement, thus consolidating Khrushchev's position. However, in the process of helping Khrushchev, zhukov proudly said: "Without my order, a tank will not move from its original position." Khrushchev then felt the threat of zhukov, and used zhukov's visit to overhead him. After he returned to China, he dismissed zhukov's post of defense minister on the trumped-up charge of "Bonapartist"-that is, the crime of the same name in Tuhachovski's unjust case.
After Khrushchev stepped down, zhukov was mentioned again. Zhukov, who lives in seclusion, has written many military works, such as Memories and Reflections, In the Battle to Defend the Capital, Kursk Prominence, In the Direction of Berlin, etc. , and describes many famous battles on the battlefield of the Soviet Union and Germany in World War II, and expounds his military thoughts. Zhukov died in 1974 and was buried under the wall of the Red Square Kremlin.
Zhukov has made great achievements in his long military career from soldier to marshal. He was awarded the title of Soviet hero for four times (1939.8.29, 1944.7.29,1945.6, 1956.438+02.438+0). At the same time, he was also one of the three people who won two medals of victory (the other two were Stalin and Aleksandr Aleksandr Aleksandr Vasilevsky). In addition, he also won 6 medals of Lenin, 3 medals of October Revolution 1, 3 medals of Red Flag, 2 first-class medals of suvorov, Tuwa * * * and "Republic of China" 1, Mongolian People * * and National Hero Medal 1 (1969. But he also got a title, that is, "Mr. Rude." On May 9, 2005, the government of the Russian Federation formally established the "zhukov Medal" to reward military commanders who have made outstanding contributions in the future patriotic war. Daughters Adela Zhukova Martha and Ella.
[Edit this paragraph] Historical evaluation
During the Second World War, he successively commanded the battles of Leningrad, Moscow and Stalingrad, successfully crushed the German aggression, and led the Soviet Red Army to capture Berlin. Zhukov made outstanding contributions to the Soviet Patriotic War and the world anti-fascist war, and became a Russian national hero in history. As another famous Soviet general, Marshal Aleksandr Vasilevsky, said during World War II, zhukov has become an eternal symbol of victory on the battlefield and is admired by future generations.
Zhukov is an outstanding strategist with outstanding achievements. He has successively won 6 medals of Lenin, 1 October Revolution, 3 medals of red flag, 2 medals of first-class suvorov, 2 medals of "victory", as well as several medals and foreign medals, and won the title of "Soviet hero" for four times.
Zhukov is good at training the army, has rich practical experience, and has outstanding talent in organizing and commanding the operations of large legions; In training and combat, he went deep into reality, and his style was decisive, which won the support of officers and men. The major battles he organized and commanded well reflected the military art principles of the Soviet Union. Zhukov's military achievements became a valuable asset of Soviet military art.
Zhukov's outstanding contribution in the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union made him go down in history as a Russian national hero on par with suvorov and Kutuzov. Today, he has become a symbol of victory on the battlefield.
As Eisenhower praised: "One day there will be another Russian medal, and that is the zhukov Medal. This medal will be cherished by everyone who appreciates the courage, vision, perseverance and determination of military personnel. "
[Edit this paragraph] Chronology
1896 65438+On February 2nd, zhukov was born.
1906, graduated from primary school.
1965438+August 7, 2005, drafted into the army. He won the St. George's Cross twice because he fought bravely and captured a German officer.
19/kloc-joined the red army in 0/6.
19 19 March 1, officially became the Bolshevik party member.
1920 served as company commander of independent cavalry 14 brigade 1 2 regiment.
1922 won the red flag medal.
1930 Served as Brigadier of 2nd Brigade, 7th Division of Cavalry.
1933 served as the commander of the 4th Division of the 3rd Army of Belarusian Cavalry.
1937 became the commander of the sixth cavalry regiment.
1 June, 1939, he served as the commander of the Soviet army stationed in Mongolia1army, and commanded the Soviet army to successfully carry out the battle of Halexin River surrounding the Japanese heavy armed group. At a small cost of more than 9,000 casualties, it achieved a great victory in annihilating more than 50,000 Japanese puppet troops and shattered the Japanese army's attempt to advance northward.
1in June, 940, he was promoted to general of the army and served as commander of the Kiev special military region.
194 1 year 1 month, was appointed as the Soviet chief of staff and became the head of the Soviet union.
194 1 On June 22nd, the Soviet-German war broke out. The next day, the Soviet Union established the High Command, and zhukov became one of the seven members.
1941July 29th, zhukov suggested that Stalin give up Kiev and defend Moscow with all his strength, but Stalin disagreed, and they had a fierce quarrel. Finally, Stalin relieved zhukov of his post as chief of staff and sent him to the front as commander of the reserve forces.
1941September, the Germans surrounded Leningrad, and zhukov was ordered to lead the Leningrad army to cooperate with the Baltic Fleet, thus stabilizing the defense line.
194 1 year1October, transferred back to Moscow, fully responsible for the command of the Moscow defense war, resisted the German frontal storm, and finally won the Moscow defense war. The Germans had to change the blitzkrieg into a protracted war.
1in August, 942, he was appointed as deputy commander-in-chief and rushed to Stalingrad to supervise the war. Participating in planning the Battle of Stalingrad and annihilating the Sixth German Army became a great turning point in the Soviet Patriotic War.
1943 65438+ 10/8, commanded Leningrad to break through and win, and was awarded the rank of marshal of the Soviet Union. In the summer of the same year, as a representative of the base camp, he coordinated and commanded the Battle of Kursk.
1April 945 16 became the commander of the first Belarusian army, and the command post first conquered Berlin on May 2. On May 9, he signed the German surrender on behalf of the Soviet Union. On June 22, he was appointed as the head of the victory parade, and on June 24, he rode a white horse to review the troops under review.
1in March, 953, he served as the first deputy minister of the Soviet Ministry of National Defense.
1February, 955, replaced bulganin as the Soviet defense minister.
1956, the 20th Congress of the Soviet Union entered the presidium of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.
1957 10 was dismissed.
1964 restore reputation.
1974, died in Moscow.