Chiang Kai-shek hated Liao Yunzhou's rebellion and cherished the name of his army. Therefore, he reorganized the First Division into the 85th Army 1 10 Division. Liao is a student in the fourth phase of Huangpu Military Academy. On May 4th, division1949,211rose up in Yiwu, Zhejiang.
Liao He is a cousin. They led the uprising of 1 10, which is not only a historical coincidence.
First of all, in the bay, the three generals and brothers of Liao country.
In Liao Jia Bay, Fengtai County, Anhui Province, there are three cousins who are Kuomintang generals. They are Liao, and Liao. Huai army has always been famous for its bravery and good fighting skills. Their fathers were all members of the Youth League, participated in the Revolution of 1911 and the Yuan War, and had a rich revolutionary tradition.
Liao, the first student of Huangpu Military Academy, 1925 joined the China * * * Production Party and participated in the Nanchang Uprising. But because the reactionaries wanted him, he broke away from the organizational relationship with the * * * production party and continued to serve in the Kuomintang army. He has served as division commander of 14 division, commander of the 2nd cavalry regiment, commander of the 96th army, deputy commander of 19 army, and deputy commander of the 8th appeasement district. During the War of Liberation, together with Liao, he actively supported and planned the uprising of Zhejiang Yiwu 1 10 Division and returned to the revolutionary camp. After liberation, Liao was appointed Deputy Secretary-General, Vice-Chairman, Member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Chairman jiangsu provincial party committee and Member of the Central Committee of the Chinese People's Revolutionary Committee.
Liao Yunzhou, the fifth student of Huangpu Military Academy, joined the China * * * Production Party on March 1927. After Chiang Kai-shek defected to the revolution, his troops in Ye Ting took part in the Nanchang Uprising. 1928 1 month, was sent by the Central Military Commission to work in the Northwest Army. When the revolutionary situation deteriorated, he was ordered to "hide for a long time, master the troops and persist in the struggle." During the 2 1 year of concealing the enemy's situation, Liao Yunzhou accepted the single-line leadership of the Party organization, actively developed party member and advanced officers, and gained the trust of enemy leaders. He was gradually promoted from junior officer to colonel and brigade commander, and finally became the major general of 1 10 division. He led the uprising at the critical moment of Huaihai Campaign and returned to the embrace of the Party and the people. After liberation, Liao Yunzhou served as the 42nd division commander of the People's Liberation Army of China, the president of the Senior Artillery School and the secretary of the Party Committee. 1955, he was awarded the rank of major general. He is also a member of the Standing Committee of the Central Committee of the Chinese Revolutionary Committee, vice chairman of the Central Supervision Commission, member of the Sixth and Seventh CPPCC, and director of the Huangpu Military Academy Alumni Association.
He is the fourth student of Liaowhampoa Military Academy. After graduation, he took part in the Northern Expedition. After Chiang Kai-shek's mutiny, Liao had to leave the army to recuperate because of his participation in anti-Chiang activities. He is regarded as a dangerous person with close ties to China's * * * production party. After the September 18th Incident, Liao returned to Chiang Kai-shek's army. Successive battalion commander, colonel, brigade commander, deputy division commander and division commander have all been promoted to human status. 1On May 4th, 949, Liao led an uprising in Yiwu, Zhejiang. After liberation, Liao served as deputy secretary-general of Nanjing Construction Committee, director of Nanjing Real Estate Administration Bureau, chairman and vice-chairman of Nanjing Revolutionary Committee, member of the Standing Committee of jiangsu provincial party committee of the Chinese Revolutionary Committee and alternate member of the Central Committee.
Whampoa Military Academy is the capital of Chiang Kai-shek. Huangpu students have always been Chiang Kai-shek's direct line. Liao's three brothers are all Kuomintang generals from Huangpu, but they all became builders of the new regime during the Republic of China.
The 85th Kuomintang Army 1 10 Division, which rose in the front line of Hai Huai, was originally the 2nd Division of the Northwest Army of Feng Yuxiang. The second division has been organized by our underground party organization. Under the leadership of Fenyang prefectural party committee, Liao Yunzhou, deputy battalion commander, served as the organizing committee member and propaganda committee member of the Party branch. 1927, introduced by Sun and Ren Qiu, joined the Producer Party of China. According to the Party's instructions on military movements, he actively developed party member among the progressive officers of the Kuomintang army. Later, because the party organization was destroyed by the enemy, he was ordered to hide for a long time and only contacted Zhu Rui, the organization minister and military minister of the Central North Bureau. Since then, Liao Yunzhou has appeared as a "loyal minister of the Party and the country", striving to win the trust of enemy leaders and constantly improving his position. But whenever the troops moved to a new place, he contacted the local party organization through the Northern Bureau and sent relevant information to the party organization.
After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, the Kuomintang reactionaries flagrantly launched a civil war, and Liao Yunzhou urgently demanded to return to the party to confront the reactionaries head-on. Party organizations fully understand Liao Yunzhou's mood and desire, and from the needs of the revolutionary war, agreed to his request. 1June, 946, Jing Renqiu, the first director of the work department of the Kuomintang Army in Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan Central Bureau, contacted Liao Yunzhou, the division commander of the Kuomintang Army in Xinxiang, Henan Province, and planned to hold an uprising in northern Henan. At the end of 1946, 10 division set up an uprising working group, but Chiang Kai-shek suddenly ordered the 85th Army of10 division to leave for Shandong, and the uprising work plan had to be temporarily suspended.
1February, 947, Liao Yunzhou sent someone to yanggu county, Shandong Province to get in touch with Deng Xiaoping, accepted instructions from Deng Xiaoping, and transferred the organizational relationship to East China Bureau. In the summer of 1947, with the approval of East China Bureau, 1 10 Division set up an underground party committee, with Liao Yunzhou as the secretary, Liu Hao sent by Hebei, Shandong and Henan Central Bureau to plan the uprising as the deputy secretary, and Li Juncheng, Ren Xu and Liao Yimin as members. After the establishment of the Underground Party Committee, it once again called for an uprising in Shandong. According to the situation in Shandong at that time, Chen Yi instructed them to concentrate intelligence, and said that the current intelligence work contributed more than the uprising. Therefore, they have no intention of resisting. Comrades sent by higher party organizations in Liao Yunzhou were assigned to the adjutant's office, the special service team directly under the division and the radio station to hold important positions, and gradually mastered the intelligence work of 1 10 division. The mobilization and operational plans of the Kuomintang Army Corps and Group Army were sent by the 1 10 Division Secret Service Team to the nearest China People's Liberation Army Front Command as quickly as possible. On one occasion, the Kuomintang troops planned to send a message overnight in Taian, Shandong Province, where the Ten Song Dynasties were stationed, so that the Ten Song Dynasties could be transferred safely in time. Chen Yi and Su Yu met the sender and praised Liao Yunzhou's excellent work happily.
In the autumn of 1947, the underground party organization relationship of10 division was transferred to the Central Plains Military Region. Comrades once again demanded an uprising, and Liao Yunzhou sent someone to ask for instructions from his superiors to "act as soon as possible". The Central Plains Military Region disagreed with their uprising plan and instructed them to "actively prepare, wait patiently and give full play to the most favorable opportunity". Liao Yunzhou sent someone to find out why Deng Xiaoping issued a statement of "early action". Deng Xiaoping further pointed out: "To play the greatest role in military and political affairs, it is not just a matter of thousands of people and thousands of guns. Take care of the overall situation, regardless of local gains and losses. "
1February 948, the main force of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army left Dabie Mountain and led Chiang Kai-shek's army to detour. On 9 May, the Chief Executive
1948 September 12 Liaoshen Campaign started,194811210 ended successfully, annihilating 472,000 Kuomintang troops. The Huaihai Campaign began on November 6, and the first stage ended on November 22, destroying five armies of the Yellow Corps. Chiang Kai-shek panicked. The 85th Army, 12 Corps and Tang Bolong Corps marched into Xuzhou and reached the front line of Xubeng. Comrades of Liao Yunzhou Underground Party Committee realized that the moment of "Armageddon" mentioned in Deng Xiaoping's instruction had arrived, and they were all determined to hold an uprising at the front.
165438+1On October 24th, the 85th Army drove from Mengcheng to Shuangduiji Zhaozhuang. Stevie hoang Corps headquarters is located in Nanping, and was ordered to attack Suxian County. Surprisingly, China People's Liberation Army secretly went south, occupied Mengcheng, cut off the rear road of stevie hoang Corps, and put stevie hoang Corps into a well-designed "pocket". Huang Wei found that the situation was not good and was eager to jump out of our encirclement. However, he still believes that his army is enough. He plans to select an elite division from each army, keep pace with the tactics of the four main divisions, and quickly break through to the west. The 1 10 division with strong combat effectiveness was selected by Huang Wei.
Although Huang Wei 12 Corps was surrounded by the People's Liberation Army, it was well equipped and did not suffer heavy losses from the People's Liberation Army. If the four main divisions break through in the same direction at the same time, he may really not escape. After receiving the order to break through, Liao Yunzhou immediately sent someone to report stevie hoang's deployment to the China People's Liberation Army. At the same time, it is required to take advantage of the breakthrough opportunity to hold an uprising and ask the PLA to meet.
In order to disrupt the enemy's deployment, Liao Yunzhou suggested to Huang Wei: "The four divisions should go hand in hand and don't March in narrow areas. It is best to use one division to play forward and the other three divisions to meet at the back; The striker succeeded, and then the third division quickly expanded the results. " And proudly said: "If the commander can trust me, 1 10 Division is willing to take the lead as a pioneer."
Huang Wei was very happy to hear the news. He praised and encouraged Liao Yunzhou. He took out a bottle of brandy and poured two glasses. He said confidently: "This bottle of brandy has been brewed for many years and has been treasured for a long time. I have been reluctant to drink it. Now I propose a toast to you and wish you success! I will respect you at the next celebration. "
Liao Yunzhou smiled in his heart: "Will there be a celebration dinner?"
The troops in front of the tenth division are the sixth column of the Central Plains People's Liberation Army. Liao Yunzhou asked the 6th column to clear a hole, let the 1 10 division pass, and then close the hole. But the Sixth Longitudinal Army has only four brigades. If you don't close it after avoiding the incision, you will be rushed out by the enemy behind you. This is a very important matter. They quickly reported to the head of Liu Deng, and the head of Liu Deng sent back instructions: "The breakthrough attempt of Huang Wei Corps must be resolutely crushed at all costs, and at the same time, it must be closely organized to ensure the success of the 1 10 division uprising."
165438+1At 6: 00 on October 27th, more than 5,500 officers and men of10 Division opened Zhouzhuang and Zhaozhuang in Shuangduiji area as planned. The officers and men, wearing white towels and braving the cold wind in Huaibei Plain, quickly advanced to the PLA position. During the 30-mile March from Shuangduiji to Wudaozhuang and Xizhangzhuang, Huang Wei kept asking Liao Yunzhou about the "breakthrough" with his walkie-talkie. Liao Yunzhou kept reporting all the way: "It is progressing smoothly, breaking through the X-road position of the Party Army and accelerating."
Two hours later, the officers and men of the 1 10 uprising division passed the PLA front line according to the scheduled route. My sixth column quickly blocked the hole, occupied the position and closed the passage. 1/the enemy behind kloc-0/0 division was suddenly attacked head-on by our army, and immediately reported to Huang Wei: "The * * * army has fierce firepower and our army has suffered heavy casualties!" Stevie hoang wants to know where Liao Yunzhou is. Liao Yunzhou replied, "Looking ahead, everything is normal." Huang Wei has some doubts about sending planes for reconnaissance immediately.
In the afternoon, the artillery battalion of 1 10 division took part in the battle to stop the breakthrough of Huang Wei Corps. That night, Liu Deng sent Wang Weigang, the political commissar of the second column, to visit the officers and men of the uprising troops on behalf of Liu Deng, and announced at the cadre meeting that Liao Yunzhou was party member.
1October 29th, 165438+ "General to Commander-in-Chief Chairman Mao Zhu" and "General to the 12th Division" were published, which highly praised the righteous actions of the officers and men of the former1/kloc-0 division of the Kuomintang and encouraged them to make new contributions to the revolution.
1949 65438+1October 10 The Huaihai Campaign ended successfully, annihilating 5.55 million elite Kuomintang troops, basically liberating Central China and the Central Plains north of the Yangtze River, and directly threatening Nanjing, the capital of the Kuomintang government. Chiang Kai-shek announced his "retirement" on June 65438+1October 2 1 day.
After the Huaihai Campaign, the uprising Kuomintang Army 1 10 Division was reorganized into the 42nd Division of the Fourth Corps of the China People's Liberation Army 14 Army, and its commander was Liao Yunzhou.
Third, in Yiwu, Liao cast darkness and cast light.
In the Huaihai Campaign, Liao Yunzhou led the glorious uprising of the 85th Kuomintang Army 1 10 Division. Chiang Kai-shek hated Liao Yunzhou's rebellion and cherished his own army. 1in March, 949, Chiang Kai-shek reorganized the First Division into the 85th Army 1 10 Division. Interestingly, this teacher is Liao, the cousin of the 1 10 division who led the uprising, and graduated from Huangpu Military Academy in the fourth phase.
Don't Chiang Kai-shek dare to follow Liao's example and join the * * * production party with his brothers? Chiang Kai-shek certainly had some doubts, but he had no choice but to stabilize the morale of the army. This process has to start with Liao's reuse.
In the later period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Liao served as the cavalry commander of the Second Kuomintang Army. He is famous for his rigorous military management and strong combat effectiveness. When Li led the 29th Kuomintang Army to attack the Eighth Route Army in Shandong Province, he tried to enlist Liao to join in and act together. Liao believes that the anti-* * movement behind enemy lines is self-caused and resolutely opposes it. Therefore, under great pressure from all sides, Liao had to resign as the commander of the Second Cavalry Corps and only served as a member of the Ministry of National Defense. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Chiang Kai-shek lost his army and strength in the civil war against the people. Faced with the sharp reversal of the war situation, Chiang Kai-shek wanted to snare cannon fodder that was beneficial to him, so he had to reuse Liao who could fight.
1June, 948, Liao served as deputy commander of the eighth appeasement area and commander of the first temporary column. In order to better master the troops, Liao was recommended as the deputy commander of the column.
Although both Liao and Liao graduated from Whampoa Military Academy, they were not trusted by Chiang Kai-shek because of their anti-Chiang experience in history. Especially after the Huaihai Uprising of 1 10 Division led by Liao Yunzhou, Chiang Kai-shek further strengthened his control over this unit and adopted a series of strict preventive measures.
First of all, Chiang Kai-shek changed the first temporary column into the first temporary division, changed the local army into the regular army, and soon changed it into the 1 10 division. Liao was transferred from "upstairs" to Quzhou Editing and Training Department as the deputy teacher, and broke off all relations with 1 10. However, the first division was originally a local army in Anhui province, and most of its troops came from Fengtai and Shouxian in northern Anhui. The Huai army has always been brave and good at fighting, which is exactly what Chiang Kai-shek hoped. At the same time, the Huai army has a strong concept of clan rule, and has always only known that the general is not handsome. So after Chiang Kai-shek opened the Liao brothers, he had to appoint Liao as the teacher and return the 1 10 teacher to Tang. He won the trust of Chiang Kai-shek and had hundreds of thousands of troops.
Secondly, Chiang Kai-shek called Liu Huisheng, the spy chief in Fuyang, Mao Renfeng, to investigate whether there was any connection between Liao countries, and sent Liu Huisheng to lead an army to monitor the actions of Liao brothers, report the abnormal situation of Liao brothers at any time, and take timely action in an emergency. The secret service, renamed from the military system, is the most reliable spy organization for Chiang Kai-shek to cut off dissidents and affect the whole body.
However, Chiang Kai-shek did not expect that Liao Yunzhou led the uprising on the Huai-Hai front, and the army had just been reorganized into the 42nd Division of the China People's Liberation Army. The Liao faction contacted their cronies and asked the * * * army to help the provisional division in the uprising. Liao Yunzhou immediately reported to the commander Chen Geng. Chen Geng and Liao were classmates of the first phase of Whampoa Military Academy. His name is Liao Yunzhou, and he immediately wrote a letter, hoping to respond to the southern army as soon as possible and uprising in time. He also sent Yang Zhenhai, minister of the enemy engineering department of the Political Department of the 42nd Division, to the temporary division, and conveyed Chen Geng's welcome to their uprising. Therefore, when Liao left office, he repeatedly asked Liao to master the army, and his determination to rebel was unshakable. Soon, the first division was reorganized into 1 10 division, under the command of Tang, and sailed to Zhejiang to form the 85th Army. Uprising work along the way was concentrated under the command of Yang Zhenhai.
What Chiang Kai-shek never expected was that Liu Huisheng, the head of the secret service team of the Secret Service, had a close personal relationship with his brother Liao. As a wily spy who has worked in the military system for more than ten years, Liu Huisheng is very contradictory in the face of the war situation, so he talked about his situation with his good friend, that is, with the producer of * * *. Report to the head of Wuhu Working Group of East China Bureau, and ask Liu Huisheng to do his work through his relationship with Liao brothers, and ask Liu Huisheng to push Liao to Liangshan as soon as possible. Moreover, as long as Liu Huisheng can put aside darkness, not only will he not study the past, but his merits will also be rewarded. So Liu Huisheng showed the secret information of the secret service to the Liao brothers, proving that Chiang Kai-shek didn't trust them and he couldn't continue to cooperate with Chiang Kai-shek. This exchange between the two sides coincided with the uprising.
On the morning of May 2nd, 1949, 1 10 branch arrived in Yiwu, Zhejiang. At the headquarters, Li Yingbo, a senior officer of the 85th Army, accompanied a company of troops to escort a train to Yiwu Railway Station. Li Yingbo read Liao's order, saying that Commander Wu ordered all the families of officers and men in the 1 10 division to gather immediately and move to the rear.
Liao knew that this was Chiang Kai-shek's usual "hostage tactics". Out of preparation, he insisted on not letting his family get on the bus at once. Wu personally called and urged many times, and Liao resolutely resisted. In the afternoon, Li Yannian, commander of the Ninth Corps, sent a telegram from Jinhua, ordering the division 1 10 to leave for Jinhua as soon as possible. Liao realized that the situation was very serious. When we arrived in Jinhua, we were surrounded by enemy troops from all walks of life. If Li Yannian wants each other, he must be flat. If he doesn't obey orders, he will have to hold an uprising in Yiwu.
Liao immediately held a secret meeting in the backyard of Yiwu Library, where the headquarters is located. After introducing the meeting with you, Liao talked about the national conditions and present situation of 1 10 division and put forward the idea of holding an uprising on the spot. Please show your attitude. The leaders present at the meeting all expressed their willingness to stand up. Therefore, Liao asked to get in touch with the Zhejiang * * * Party guerrillas and asked them to give support and cooperation when necessary.
At dawn on May 3rd, the leaders of the Kuomintang army who smelled the uprising sent planes to hover over Yiwu. The situation was quite grim at that time. The 85th Army Command and its subordinate units are stationed in Jinhua. Dongyang and Zhuji divisions, and the other divisions are 1 10 divisions in turn. It is very unsafe for teachers to stay in Yiwu for a long time. After consulting with Liao, he decided to send troops to Huangzhai Mountain in the northwest of Yiwu. Under the leadership of the guerrillas, they marched to Huangzhai overnight, chopping wood, scraping rails, destroying communication facilities, and surrounding and confiscating the armed forces of the local spy self-defense brigade.
On the morning of May 4, the troops drove to Huangzhai and held a meeting of officers and men of the whole division in Huangzhai. Liao announced: "We decided to rebel, join the People's Liberation Army and take the bright road!" Welcome their uprising on behalf of China People's Liberation Army. After the meeting, 1 10 branch
On May 1 1, the 35th Division of China People's Liberation Army occupied Yiwu. 12 may,10 division returned to yiwu for reorganization, and three regiments were incorporated into the third division of China people's liberation army 12 army. The troops directly under 10 division were also incorporated into the troops directly under 12 army. Since then, officers and men of the former 2nd10 Division of the Kuomintang have become members of the China People's Liberation Army, making new contributions to the final defeat of Chiang Kai-shek and the liberation of China.
1 10 division held an uprising, Liao was in Guangzhou at that time, and it was too late to inform because of the temporary decision of time. On May 5th, Guangzhou Daily published the news of Liao and Liao Uprising and the wanted order of the National Government. Excited, Liao immediately sneaked into Hong Kong and continued to do United front work for the party under the leadership of the underground party in Hong Kong. From 65438 to 0952, Liao was recalled to China by the Prime Minister and played an important role in the national revolution.