The mystery of Hua Tuo's life: Where did Hua Tuo come from?
The first person who systematically studied Hua Tuo's myth was not others, but a serious and rigorous scholar Chen Yinque. As early as when Chen Yinque was teaching in Tsinghua University, he wrote an article pointing out the ins and outs of Hua Tuo's story.
In the article "Biography of Hua Tuo in Cao Chong and Buddhist Stories of the Three Kingdoms", he analyzed the story of Cao Chong's image, the story of Hua Tuo's treatment, and even the Indian mythological background in the story of the seven sages in the bamboo forest.
Chen Yinque pointed out in the article The History of the Three Kingdoms, Hua Tuo Biography, Cao Chong and Buddhist Stories that Chen Shou was serious in writing the History of the Three Kingdoms. However, a rigorous historian like Chen Shou often confuses the Indian stories circulating at that time with his literary theory in his works. And quite hidden, not easy to be found. This makes it more difficult to identify the authenticity of ancient history.
The Secret in Tuozi
Chen Yinque believes that agada in Tianzhu means medicine. Formerly translated as Akkada or Ajeto, it is a common language in the canon. Huatuo's ancient voice is compatible with Gada. Akada omitted the word "one", and the Arhat in Judah was just like the Arhat. Hua Tuo's real name is Fu, not Tuo. At that time, people compared Hua Tuo to an Indian fairy tale. Because he was called Hua Tuo, he was regarded as a drug god. Chen Yinque's meaning is obvious. The word Huatuo and its sound come from Indian mythology. At that time, China's busybodies spread Indian mythology among the people, so that Chen Shou and others finally put it into the history of China. In fact, Hua Tuo's China has only two names, namely, He Fu.
After the publication of Chen Yinque's article, it was widely recognized by the academic circles. Mr. Lin Meicun supported Mr. Chen's statement in the article "Mafeisan and External Causes of Prescriptions and Medicines in Han Dynasty". He said that Agada actually means antidote in Sanskrit, which means pills. Mafeisan is actually a Tianzhu Hu medicine, and Huatuo's name comes from Sanskrit for five days. It is reasonable that his medical skill has Indian factors. He also said: But as long as we carefully observe the social environment in which Hua Tuo practiced medicine, it is not difficult to find that Chen's statement is not speculation.
Hua Tuo's Origin of Indian Myth
Chen Shou recorded many wonders of Hua Tuo's treatment in Ji Fang Biography, the twenty-ninth volume of the History of the Three Kingdoms. Chen Yinque traced the origin of his myth. He pointed out that Hua Tuo's handling of Cao Cao was purely plagiarism. Heartbreaking is also plagiarism. Spitting red worms is also plagiarism. It can almost be said that most of China's miraculous medical skills were copied from Indian fairy tales, but China didn't. It's just that Buddha became a god, and the fake became real. That China people especially believe.
Chen Yinque pointed out that Hua Tuo's deeds actually came from the story of Indian imperial doctor. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Chen Shou, when Hua Tuo was treating a disease, he asked the patient to take hemp boiling powder for those who had to be removed by surgery, and then he broke his abdomen and took out the knot. If the patient is in the intestines, cut open the intestines and clean them, then tuck in the abdomen and apply ointment to the wound. After four or five days, the wound will heal and the patient will not feel anything. After about a month, the wound will heal completely. In fact, this story comes from the treatment of the son of an old man who was arrested in Yaoyu.
For another example, Hua Tuo treated Chen Deng, the prefect of Guangling. He asked Chen Deng to take two liters of decoction and spit out about three liters of worms. His red head is still writhing and his body is like sashimi. In fact, this story is similar to that of the imperial doctor.
For another example, Hua Tuo's handling of Cao Cao's illness and even his death is similar to the story of Yaoyu. Jianyu also treated the tyrant and was killed several times. Rafer became a god, but survived. Chen Yinque thinks that Hua Tuo and Chyi Yu have the same fate, especially the suspicion of conformity.
Hua tuo may be a real person, but he is not an imperial doctor.
According to Chen Yinque, not only Hua Tuo's Buddhist story is circulated in the History of the Three Kingdoms, but also the story of Cao Chong's elephant calling has a Buddhist background. He believes that the colossus is not the beast of the Central Plains, but Hua Tuo is the voice of five days in foreign countries, and its omen of change is still alive, so it is necessary to rely on it to find the original of historical materials. According to the fact that Buddhism has not been introduced to China for a long time, Indian myths are widely spread and have far-reaching social influence. So a historian like Chen Shou, who is famous for his rigor, can't tell the truth from the false.
Chen Yinque thinks that the prototype of Hua Tuo may already exist in China, or it may really be a native of Guo Peiqiao County, and even be familiar with some health preserving techniques. However, this man later became Hua Tuo, and he totally imposed Indian cults on this China man. From then on, the China native embarked on the road to prosperity and became a mysterious figure admired by people.
Some scholars also put forward different views.
Some scholars have put forward different opinions on Mr. Chen Yinque's textual research. Mr. Pang Guanghua of Guangdong Hualian University believes that it may be true that Hua Tuo's medical skills contain molecules of ancient Tianzhu. But I'm afraid I can't make people believe that the name Hua Tuo is a transliteration of Sanskrit agada.
Pang Guanghua believes that Sanskrit agada is the name of fragrant medicine when used as a noun, especially the antidote, which is translated into medicine or pill in Chinese. Transliterated as Akkada or Ajanta. However, it should be noted that Agatha in Sanskrit can never be saved as Gada. According to Brahma dictionary and Buddhist dictionary, Akada means disease-free health.
Moreover, Pang Guanghua pointed out that the names of the ancients corresponded to the characters, and so did the names of Hua Tuo and the characters themselves. In ancient books, reading is for practice. In ancient books, giving is associated with virtue, virtue, benefit and benevolence. Virtue corresponds to culture, and combination is virtue. So the transformation and application are matched. What is there to doubt, hidden in the hearts of the ancients? In this way, the name Hua Tuo naturally has nothing to do with Indian mythology.
Shi Zai Hua Tuo was born in 108 and died in 208 at the age of 100. Hua Tuo's Biography of the Three Kingdoms says: Hua Tuo studied in Xu Tu, learned several classics, and learned the art of self-cultivation. At that time, people thought he was a hundred years old and had a strong appearance. There are only a few kinds of decoction for treating diseases. If moxibustion is used, there will be one or two places, and each place will be top seven or eight, and the disease will be removed. If you are a needle, there is only one or two places, and your illness is worse.
Today, more than 700 years after Hua Tuo's death/KLOC-0, the superb medical skills of this imperial doctor are still praised by people today. No one will doubt that he is not from China.
1980 Matsumi, Anesthesiology Classroom, Faculty of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Japan, published an article entitled Recent Knowledge in the History of Anesthesiology-Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in Han Dynasty, was actually a Persian in the 9th issue of Anesthesiology published in Japan.
Pine knows that Hua tuo is a homonym of XWadag in Persian, meaning Lord or God. Therefore, Hua tuo is not a person's name, but the meaning of the Lord, your Excellency and Mr., which implies that Hua tuo's personal occupation should be a doctor with excellent medical skills. At the same time, he pointed out that Persians spread eastward through the Silk Road, and Hua Tuo was the Persian who arrived in Xu Tu through this road. Persians entered the Central Plains through the Silk Road. A poem by Li Bai said: Hu Ji is like a flower, and when the furnace laughs at the east wind. Hu Ji in question is Persian. On this basis, Mr. Zhi Ming Matsumoto asserted that Hua Tuo, who had always been regarded as a China, was actually a Persian.
Really Persia?
Shi Zai Hua Tuo was born in 108 and died in 208 at the age of 100. Hua Tuo's Biography of the Three Kingdoms says: Hua Tuo studied in Xu Tu, learned several classics, and learned the art of self-cultivation. At that time, people thought he was a hundred years old and had a strong appearance. There are only a few kinds of decoction for treating diseases. If moxibustion is used, there will be one or two places, and each place will be top seven or eight, and the disease will be removed. If you are a needle, there is only one or two places, and your illness is worse.
Today, more than 700 years after Hua Tuo's death/KLOC-0, the superb medical skills of this imperial doctor are still praised by people today. No one will doubt that he is not from China.
1980 Matsumi, Anesthesiology Classroom, Faculty of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Japan, published an article entitled Recent Knowledge in the History of Anesthesiology-Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in Han Dynasty, was actually a Persian in the 9th issue of Anesthesiology published in Japan.
Pine knows that Hua tuo is a homonym of XWadag in Persian, meaning Lord or God. Therefore, Hua tuo is not a person's name, but the meaning of the Lord, your Excellency and Mr., which implies that Hua tuo's personal occupation should be a doctor with excellent medical skills. At the same time, he pointed out that Persians spread eastward through the Silk Road, and Hua Tuo was the Persian who arrived in Xu Tu through this road. Persians entered the Central Plains through the Silk Road. A poem by Li Bai said: Hu Ji is like a flower, and when the furnace laughs at the east wind. Hu Ji in question is Persian. On this basis, Mr. Zhi Ming Matsumoto asserted that Hua Tuo, who had always been regarded as a China, was actually a Persian.