First grade historical handwritten newspaper data 1
First-class historical manuscripts II
The first day of historical handwritten newspaper data 3
The first day of historical handwritten newspaper data 4
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First, the era of great change
(1) Iron farm tools appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and spread all over the country during the Warring States Period.
Niu Geng was used in the late Spring and Autumn Period, which was a great revolution in agricultural history.
(2) Li Bing built Dujiangyan to eliminate floods and irrigate farmland.
Water control is better than Dayu, benefiting the people for thousands of years.
(3) filial piety and governing the country are calculated, and Shang Yang's political reform is the most powerful.
Admit private ownership of land, reward farming and exempt corvee,
Abolish the power of nobles and establish a county system to rule,
With great economic development, the army has combat effectiveness.
In the late Warring States period, Qin was the strongest, and Shang Yang's political reform was remarkable.
Second, the prosperity of China culture.
(1) characters can be tested in Shang dynasty, and Oracle Bone Inscriptions is the earliest.
Bronzes are engraved with inscriptions, and the big seal script was formed in the late Zhou Dynasty.
(2) The ancients paid great attention to observing the sky, which was recorded in Eclipse.
The calendar of Xia Dynasty is called "Li Xia", and there are 24 solar terms in Warring States.
The earliest famous doctor was Bian Que, who used acupuncture and massage.
It is really good for Chinese medicine to diagnose diseases through "looking, listening and asking"
(4) The poet of Chu named Qu Yuan is a world famous person.
Lyrics, including Li Sao, have been passed down for thousands of years.
(5) Confucius said that he was a saint and his ideological education was shrewd.
Advocate "love" to observe people's feelings and "rule the country by virtue" to fight torture.
The school enrolls 3,000 students and teaches students in accordance with their aptitude.
Inspire students to think more, advocate reviewing the past and learning the new,
Words and deeds are recorded in The Analects of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism.
(6) Lao Tzu, the founder of Taoism, whose theory is recorded in the Tao Te Ching,
Advocate the opposite of things, and think clearly on both sides.
(7) A hundred schools of thought contend for a good form, and the "Mohist Taoist soldiers" are here.
"Love the world" and "non-attack" do not advocate Mencius' ruling the country with "benevolent government".
The representative of Taoism is Zhuangzi, who advocates "governing by doing nothing".
Han Feizi, a representative of Legalism, opposed empty talk and advocated "rule of law".
The originator of a strategist is Sun Wu, and The Art of War by Sun Tzu discusses military affairs.
Third, "Qin Wang Sweeps Liuhe"
(1) Before 230-22 1 (year), the Qin Dynasty annihilated the unification of the six countries.
The first emperor Xianyang ascended the throne, and the highest power was set in one.
(2) The Prime Minister and Qiu implemented the county system in some areas.
Unified measurement in all places, as well as currency and words.
For ideological control, "burning books to bury Confucianism" has its advantages and disadvantages.
(3) resist the Huns to build the Great Wall and develop the Lingqu in southern Xinjiang.
It is a great country in the world.
Fourth, "Qin can't be punished"
(1) The Qin Dynasty oppressed the people, and the garrison Ozawa rose up.
Form such as bamboo to build political power, Chen Wu defeated Liu Ji.
(2) Xiang Yu led the troops to create miracles, and the stag defeated the main force of Qin.
Liu Bangling led the troops to force Xianyang, and the short-lived Qin Dynasty perished.
The battle between Chu and Han lasted for another four years, and Liu Bang established political power in Chang 'an.
V. Unified Han Dynasty
(1) Liu Bang appointed Zhang Xiaohan, who founded the Western Han Dynasty in the first 202 years.
Draw lessons from Qin's death and lighten the burden on the people.
The "governance of cultural landscape" seeks development and greatly changes the social outlook.
Win the hearts of the people with levity and generosity, and reward agriculture and mulberry,
Take the lead in doing things frugally and "educate people with morality", which makes people feel at ease.
Wendi Jingdi ruled the country, and the treasury was full of money and food.
Focusing on long-term stability, the unification of Emperor Wudi is even more extraordinary.
(2) Great talents are similar to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, making good use of talents to gather power.
Dismissed a hundred schools, respected Confucianism alone, and concentrated on the land of Houfen.
Holding the heyday of imperial academy's unification with the Five Classics.