Original text:

Zhuangzi and Keiko play together on Hao's bridge. Zhuangzi said: "How leisurely the fish in the river are in the river. This is the happiness of the fish." . "Keiko said," you are not a fish, where do you know that fish is happy? " ? " Zhuangzi said, "You are not me. How do you know that I don't know that fish are happy?" ? "

Keiko said: "I am not a son, I really don't know my son;" Zigu is not a fish, but I don't know the joy of fish! " Zhuangzi said, "Please follow its source. Confucius said,' You know a lot about fish.' If you know what I know, ask me. I know it very well. "

Vernacular translation:

Zhuang Zhou and Hui Shi are walking on the shore of Haoshui. Zhuangzi said casually, "Those fish in the river are swimming leisurely. How happy they are! " Hui Shi asked, "If you are not a fish, how do you know the happiness of the fish?"

Zhuangzi replied, "If you are not me, how do you know that I don't understand the happiness of fish?" Hui Shi asked again: "I am not you, so naturally I don't know you;" But you are not a fish, you must not understand the happiness of fish! "

Zhuangzi replied slowly, "I want to go back to the beginning of the conversation. Just now you asked me,' How do you know that fish are happy?' Since you ask me why fish are happy, you have admitted in advance that I know fish are happy, and now you ask me how I know fish are happy. Then I'll tell you, I know that fish are happy on the shore of good water. "

This article comes from Zhuangzi Qiushui written by Zhuangzi in the middle of the Warring States Period.

Extended data writing background:

Selected from Zhuangzi Waipian and Autumn Water. Zhuangzi, surnamed Zhuang and Zhou, was born in Song Dynasty. He was a famous thinker, philosopher and writer in the middle of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the Warring States Period. Zhuangzi, an important school of philosophy in China, was founded. He is a representative of the Taoist school in the Warring States period after Laozi and one of the main representatives of the Taoist school.

Zhuang Zhou should not be employed by Chu Weiwang because he advocates freedom. He only worked as a lacquer garden official in the Song Dynasty. History is called "the proud official of Qiyuan" and is regarded as a model of local officials.

Zhuangzi first put forward the idea of "sage inside and king outside", which had a far-reaching influence on Confucianism. Zhuangzi has profound views on the Book of Changes, and profoundly pointed out that "the Book of Changes takes the way of Yin and Yang"; Zhuangzi's thought of "three tones" is consistent with the three talents in the Book of Changes. His masterpiece is Zhuangzi, among which the famous ones are Xiaoyao Tour and On Wuqi. As famous as Laozi, it is called Laozi and Zhuangzi.

Zhuangzi's imagination is extremely rich, his language is freely used and flexible, and he can make some subtle and unspeakable philosophies fascinating. His works are called "literary philosophy, philosophical literature". It is said that he lived in seclusion in Nanhua Mountain, so at the beginning of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he named Zhuang Zhou as the South China Reality and his book Zhuangzi as the South China True Classic.

The only remaining Zhuangzi is divided into three parts: internal, external and miscellaneous, which was written by Zhuangzi and his later scholars.

About the author:

Zhuangzi was a thinker, philosopher and writer in the mid-Warring States period. Zhuang, Zhou, was born in the Song Dynasty. His ancestor was the Duke of the Song Dynasty and the monarch of the Song Dynasty. He founded Zhuangzi, an important school of philosophy in China, and was the representative of Taoist school in the Warring States period after Laozi. Also known as Lao Zi and Lao Zi.

Zhuangzi's articles are rich in imagination, changeable in style, full of romanticism, humorous and satirical in the form of fables, which have a great influence on the literary language of later generations.

His extraordinary imagination and unpredictable fables constitute Zhuangzi's unique and peculiar imaginary world. "Beyond the dust, strange things happen." (Liu Xizai's Outline of Literature and Art) Zhuang Zhou wrote Zhuangzi (regarded as a southern classic by Taoism), one of the Taoist classics. There are 52 Zhuangzi articles recorded in the Records of Han Shu Literature and Art, and only 33 exist. Zhuangzi is of great philosophical and literary research value.

Mr. Lu Xun once said, "His writing style is Wang Yang's, and his manners are all square. The works of the late Zhou philosophers should not be the first. " Famous articles (Outline of the History of Chinese Literature) include Free Travel, Autumn Water in Zhuangzi, On Wuqi, Master of Health, etc. Among them, "I am clever about cows" is especially passed down by later generations.

"Historical Records" introduced Zhuangzi in a few concise lines, saying that he wrote hundreds of thousands of words to identify Laozi's thoughts.

The structure of Zhuangzi's article is very strange. It doesn't look tight, but it often comes suddenly. You can do whatever you want and stop whenever you want. Wang Yang is reckless and changeable, sometimes seemingly irrelevant, jumping up and down at will, but his thoughts can run through.

Sentences are also rich and varied, whether they are smooth or inverted, long or short, with richer vocabulary, detailed description, irregular rhymes and great expressiveness and originality.