Starting with smallpox

Traditional Chinese Medicine Dealing with "Space Motion Sickness"

Curative effect of Shennong tasting herbs

Accumulation of drug knowledge

Properties and uses of traditional Chinese medicine

Talking about cold, hot, warm and cool.

Bitter, sweet and bitter finished products

Rise and fall differentiation

Meridian tropism

side effect

compatibility of medicines

Monarch, courtiers and lieutenants, these four people play different roles, and then cite the different roles of each Wei Yao in Chinese medicine.

Traditional Chinese medicine processing

Processing purpose

Processing method Bian Que

Zhang Zhongjing

Hua Tuo

sun simiao

Li Shizhen

Ye Shi Tian

Su Huang

Zhang Kun's Huangdi Neijing

Shennong's Herbal Classic

Notes on Shennong's Herbal Classics

Newly revised materia medica

Compendium of Materia Medica

Commonly used Chinese patent medicines

Danshen dripping pills

Liuwei Dihuang Pills

Liushen pill

Jidesheng snake tablets

Yunnan Baiyao Yaoyang

Medicinal diet Xinglin

Allusions-Canon and anecdote "The Biography of Wang Xiancang in Dongping, the Book of the Later Han Dynasty": "It is an allusion to bow to the supreme, to lower the ceremony to the minister, and to make a change every time a banquet is given, and to worship in the palace." Medical allusions often puzzle our understanding of articles, and medical books are often named after allusions. Common allusions are listed as follows:

Xinglin: It is called medicine or medical skill. "Biography of Dong Fengxian" says: "Feng, living in the mountains does not plow, treats others every day, and does not withdraw money. Give five apricots for the heavy ones and one for the light ones. In the past few years, more than 100,000 plants have been raised, all of which have become forests. " Later generations regard "Xinglin" as the reputation of medicine or medical skill. Apricot Garden is synonymous with Xinglin, which was named after Fragmented Brocade of Xinglin by Zhang Qicheng in Qing Dynasty and Congtan of Apricot Garden by Song Junheng in Qing Dynasty.

Orange well: a classic of good medicine. According to the legend of the immortal Su, Su got an immortal and said to his mother, "There will be diseases and epidemics in the world next year, well water in the courtyard and dried tangerine peel on the eaves, so you can take care of them. A liter of well water and an orange leaf can cure a person. " The next year's fruit epidemic, those who seek treatment from far and near, learn and live. Later, he used "orange well" as the code name of the medicine. Named after this, there is the orange well pearl of Wang Zhangzu in Ming Dynasty.

Qingnangjing: the book bag of ancient doctors, referring to medical books. Tang Yuxi's "Sit back and remember Lotte Classics and ask if the wine is cooked" says: "Open the desk and check the bladder after elbow. Only reaching physiology, the elderly should not be cured. " Later, he compared the green capsule to a medical book. It was named after Shao Yizheng's Miscellaneous Collection of Qingnang in Ming Dynasty and Zhao Lian's Secret Recipe of Qingnang in Qing Dynasty.

Renshou: Metaphor refers to medical skill. "Mencius Hui Liang Wang Shangshang" said: "No harm is benevolence." Mencius' so-called "benevolence" originated from Confucius' theory of "love", and later generations compared medical skills to benevolence. "The Analects of Confucius forever": "Those who know are happy, and those who are good live long." Biography of Han Dong's Zhongshu: "The virtue of Yao and Shun makes people live longer." So compare Renshou to medical skill. Named after this, such as Notes on Benevolence written by Zhang Jie in Ming Dynasty and Renshou Mirror written by Meng Hong in Qing Dynasty.

Brokeback: a metaphor for a good doctor. "Thirty Years of Zuo Zhuan Ding Gong" says: "A good doctor is made with a 30-fold arm." "The Nine Chapters of Chu Ci" says: "A 90% folded arm becomes a doctor, knowing his loyalty to this day." Zhu Note: "A person's arm is folded, and his prescription is more experienced, which makes him a good doctor. Therefore, I know loyalty and resentment today, which is true. " Zuo Zhuan said: A three-fold arm is a good doctor. That's what it means. Later, he compared a good doctor with "three-fold arm" and "nine-fold arm". Named after this, such as Wu's Brokeback Miscellanies in the Ming Dynasty.

Peeking at the wall by the pool: a metaphor for good medical skills. According to Records of the Historian Biography of Bian Que and Cang Gong, Bian Que was a head nurse when he was young, and the guest Sang Jun often met him. After going in and out for more than ten years, I privately called Bian Que to sit down and said, "I'm forbidden, I'm old, and I want to spread it to the public, so I can't let it out." Bian Que said, "Keep your promise." It was out of his mind that he prescribed Chinese medicine to Bian Que: "Drink the water in the pool above for 30 days, and you should know those things." ..... Bian Que to his words, drink medicine for 30 days, depending on the wall. From this perspective, we can see the crux of the five internal organs, especially in the name of pulse diagnosis. Later, he used "diving into the pool" and "peeping at the wall" to describe his brilliant medical skills. Named after the horse in the Ming Dynasty, named after Chen Yanghui's Five Treatise on Febrile Diseases in the Qing Dynasty, the six-year edition of Kangxi is also known as "Peeping into the Wall".

Gentleness: refers to a good doctor. Medical harmony and medical aid were two famous doctors of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, and later generations often called them "tenderness". For example, Jin Zhiyu's "Yu Ji Fu" said: "Talk about the theory of relaxation and find the legacy of the Yue people." Therefore, gentleness is a good doctor. Named after this, it is like the gentle medical style of Quan Zijiu in Qing Dynasty.

Li Zhuo: It refers to medicine. "Zi Hua Zi Gong Bei Literature and Art" says: "Zi lives in Beiling, Gong Bei Gong Yi Zhongshicheng, in a word, it is called medicine. Zi Hua said: "Doctors are rational, and rational people are also interested. Those who take medicine will recover, and those who treat diseases will recover. " "Named after this, Wu Shiji changed the treatise on external treatment of medicine to Li Long's parallel prose, and his postscript said:" The treatise on external treatment of medicine has been published, but all the sages are unclear. People who want to understand what I said will stand on the other side. It is impossible to say what you know, but to reclaim land from the sea and abandon it. He changed his name to folk prescription, and borrowed the phrase "medicine makes sense, so does medicine" in Zi, and took the word "reason" as the title of the article. The first generation in the history of traditional Chinese medicine was Qi Huang. This name comes from Huangdi Neijing. Because it is a monograph on the medicine between Huangdi and Qi Bo, it is called the skill of distinguishing Huang Zhi in Huangdi Neijing. Naturally, Huang Qi became another name for Chinese medicine.

The second generation is called Qingnang. Now that this name is known to everyone, it is rarely used. Its origin is related to Hua Tuo, a famous doctor in the Three Kingdoms period.

It is said that before Hua Tuo was killed, in order to repay a jailer for offering him wine and meat, he was given a green bag full of medical books. After Hua Tuo's death, the jailer was afraid and burned most of his medical books. Only a part of Hua Tuo's medical skills have been handed down. According to this, later people called Chinese medicine clearing the capsule.

The third generation is called Xinglin. The origin of this name is also related to the Three Kingdoms. According to records, there was a famous doctor named Dong Feng who lived in seclusion in Lushan Mountain, Jiangxi Province during the Three Kingdoms period. People nearby are famous for seeking medical treatment, but Dong Feng never takes money, only one apricot tree is given to those who are cured of minor illnesses and five apricot trees are given to those who are cured of serious illnesses. A few years later, the apricot trees in front of the east wind are endless. From then on, people called Chinese medicine Xinglin.

The fourth generation is called hanging pot. It is said that Fei Changfang of Runan, Henan Province saw a gourd hanging on the shoulder pole of an old man selling medicine in the street. Strangely, the old man jumped into the gourd after the street dispersed in the dark. In order to find out the details, Fei Changfang entertained him with wine. Later, the old man invited him to gourd together, only to see Yutang gorgeous and delicious. Fei Changfang is to worship his elders as teachers and learn the way of cultivating immortals. A few years later, he quit the mountain with a skill and was given a bamboo stick by Hu Weng to cure the ghost. From then on, he began to practice medicine. Since then, the gourd hanging at the doctor's waist and in front of the clinic has become a symbol of Chinese medicine.

China is one of the countries with the earliest origin of medical culture. When the dawn of civilization shines in Asia, the prehistoric cultural bonfires all over China, from point to surface, form a prairie fire and gradually melt into the glory of civilization. "Traditional Chinese medicine" is a special term, and its word "traditional Chinese medicine" is obviously to distinguish between "western medicine" and "western medicine". So it is understood that "Chinese medicine" refers to Chinese medicine or Dr. China. But careful and realistic research shows that the "zhong" of this "Chinese medicine" does not refer to China at all!

How to prove it? The word "Chinese medicine" first appeared in Han Art and the phrase "Chinese medicine is necessary if there is a disease" in the literature. As early as more than 2,000 years ago in the Western Han Dynasty, the word "Chinese medicine" came into being. At that time, Western medicine was not systematic and was not introduced into China (it was after the Western Han Dynasty that Western medicine was introduced into China in the late Ming Dynasty). People in the Western Han Dynasty don't even know what Western medicine is. How can they call China's medical technology "traditional Chinese medicine" to distinguish it from western medicine?

There is a saying of "traditional Chinese medicine" in the Western Han Dynasty. If "China people" don't mean China, what does that mean? The ideological basis of China's earliest understanding of stunners originated from the fact that the Book of Changes brought everything in the world into the orbit of yin and yang, which had an important and direct impact on later philosophy, society, geography, astronomy and medicine. Therefore, according to China's ancient medical theory, the balance between yin and yang can be achieved and people will not get sick. When yin and yang are out of balance, the disease will come. There is a saying in Chinese medicine that "keep one middle school and cure all diseases", which means that if the body does not have yang dryness and yin deficiency, it will always maintain a neutral qi, and all diseases will be gone. Therefore, "respecting the middle" and "neutralizing" are the true meaning of "middle" in traditional Chinese medicine.

Of course, the term "traditional Chinese medicine" refers to the medicine in China today, but if we understand the meaning of "neutralization", we will understand why doctors often say that nourishing yin and strengthening yang regulates. ...

From then on, the history of medical civilization in China began.

China's 5,000-year-old medical history, with the unique theoretical framework of China formed by the characteristics of the development of eastern culture, the influence of modern western science and the introduction of western medicine, has two completely different levels, showing a complex and polymorphic state of the intersection of eastern and western medicine.

During the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, doctors and witches coexisted, and a large number of medical and health contents were recorded in the historical materials of divination, forming the embryonic form of medicine.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, a hundred schools of thought contended and a hundred flowers blossomed in China. Medicine is more scientific, practical and reasonable, and occupies a leading position in medical and health undertakings. The branches of clinical medicine have emerged and tend to be specialized.

During the Qin and Han dynasties, clinical medicine with typhoid fever, miscellaneous diseases and surgery as the most prominent ones reached an unprecedented level. This is the first peak in the medical history of China.

During the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, China society was in a state of turmoil and separatism for a long time. Medicine has made achievements in pulse science, acupuncture, prescription, traumatology, health care, and communication between China and foreign countries, and accumulated experience for the all-round development of medicine.

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, national unity, strong national strength and cultural prosperity formed an unprecedented momentum. During this period, China's medicine developed in an all-round way. Medical scientists have made richer achievements in their respective research fields. This is the second peak in the history of medical development in China.

Song dynasty is an important period for the development of traditional Chinese medicine. The government's attention plays a more important role in the development of medicine. The government of the Northern Song Dynasty organized personnel to compile prescriptions and materia medica, set up a bureau for correcting medical books, cast bronze statues of acupuncture and moxibustion, reformed medical education, and set up Huimin Bureau, Heji Bureau, Anjifang, Yangji Hospital and Futian Hospital. It has effectively promoted the progress of medical care.

Liao, Xia, Jin, Yuan and Song coexisted, and Yuan destroyed Song and unified the whole country. This is a period of great cultural integration between the northern minorities and the Han nationality. This is a glorious period in the medical history of China where schools contend and ethnic medicine rises. Multi-source integration has injected new vitality into traditional medicine in China, showing great vitality.

In the Ming Dynasty, the development of medicine and pharmacy showed an innovative trend. Exploring the causes of infectious diseases, creating human pox vaccine to prevent smallpox, Chinese medicine research has entered a new level. The exchange of Chinese and foreign medicine has reached many countries and regions in Asia, Europe and Africa. The export of middle schools and the spread of western learning have benefited Chinese and foreign medical cultures from exchanges and contacts.

In the early and middle period of Qing Dynasty, when medicine became more and more popular and sublimated, Wang Qingren devoted himself to human anatomy, and his book "Correcting the Mistakes in Medical Forest" embodied the pioneering spirit of "a bold revolutionary in China medical field".

The above is a magnificent historical outline of ancient medicine in China. Such a medical culture and civilization that has lasted for thousands of years is rare in the history of world medicine. There are a large number of classic medical books and famous doctors in China, which is also rare in the world. Traditional medicine in China has great vitality and develops with the progress of the times. After colliding, confronting and combining with modern medical culture, and paying attention to absorbing useful things from foreign advanced cultures, the exploration of the integration and compilation of Chinese and western cultures appeared. Traditional medicine is moving towards modernization.

The pattern of modern medicine, traditional medicine and integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine in China in the past century will objectively reproduce and comment on the history of modern medicine in China in the past century.

The word "traditional Chinese medicine" was first seen in Jing Fang, the History of Literature and Art, which said: "It is a loss to benefit from cold and increase cold with cold." Therefore, as the saying goes, "Chinese medicine is often taken when you are sick." The Chinese characters here are pronounced as sounds, and the Chinese characters are pronounced as sounds. The word "Chinese medicine" really appeared before and after the Opium War. Western medicine of the East India Company named China medicine as Chinese medicine to distinguish Chinese medicine from western medicine. The name of Chinese medicine at this time is to make a comparison with western medicine. 1936, the Kuomintang government formulated the Regulations on Traditional Chinese Medicine, which officially legalized the term "traditional Chinese medicine". In the past, Chinese medicine was called "China medicine", "traditional medicine" and "ethnic medicine", which was different from western medicine. More than 2000 years ago, the concept of traditional Chinese medicine in Hanshu actually reflected the highest level of medicine in China.

What is the highest realm of Chinese medicine? Is neutralization. Cold people are hot, and hot people are cold. Neutralization. Cold is hot, hot is cold, knot is breaking up, escape is work, and work is escape. If you are very young, you can object to it. What's more, you can't violate it. If you violate it, you will collapse. Up and down, bath friction, robbing thin, appropriate for reason, just right. This is the highest state of peace and harmony. The most important philosophical proposition in The Doctrine of the Mean is the idea of "neutralization". "The Doctrine of the Mean" said: "The winner is the foundation of the world; He who is harmonious achieves the way of the world. Neutral, the status of Heaven is awkward, and everything breeds. " It is said that neutralization is the ideal state of everything in the world. To achieve this ideal state through various methods is neutralization. Heaven and earth have their place, and everything grows and develops. It can be said that the physiological mechanism of "Yin-Yang Harmony" and "Yin-Yang Secret Recipe" elaborated by TCM is the best embodiment of Confucian thought of neutralization. Under this ultimate goal, TCM uses the essence theory, yin-yang theory and five elements theory in China's classical philosophy to explain the secret of life.

Qi is China's simple understanding of natural phenomena in ancient times. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, materialist philosophers believed that Qi was the most basic substance in the world. Everything in the universe is produced by the movement and change of qi. This simple understanding was introduced into the medical field, and gradually formed the concept of Qi in TCM: Qi is the basic substance that constitutes the human body. When Qi is aggregated, an organism is formed, and when Qi is dispersed, the organism dies. Zhuangzi said, "One breath in the world" means one breath in the world. With this spirit, you will exercise, you will never stop, and you will never stop changing. Without this tone, Professor Neijing, a famous professor of modern Chinese medicine in China, would be finished. He said that people only have one breath. Without this breath, there is nothing here. If people don't walk with this breath, they are alive. For you, the living one. We are studying the life with breath, the life with breath. What is essentialism? In other words, how do we in China think the world came from? Philosophers in China believe that the monism of Qi. This earth, this world, comes from Qi. In the world, it is for qi, at the bottom, it is for shape, that is, the ground. This is qi. Then, as Dong Zhongshu said in The Story of the Spring and Autumn Period, "the living begins". The beginning of everything. With this energy, everything begins to move. Without this vitality, there will be no, just like God's driving force, just like Newton pushed the earth first when he looked for God. This is that everyone is looking for an explanation of the world, and Chinese medicine is what it can understand. Yin and Yang. What is Yin and Yang? Our ancestors thought that all the energy, motion mode, spatial orientation, time series, the essence of things and the spirit of gathering all things in the universe can be summarized by yin and yang. Yin and Yang are two aspects of dialectical opposition of all things. The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic Su Wen puts forward: "Look at the color and pulse, don't be yin and yang first." Traditional Chinese medicine emphasizes the balance of yin and yang to achieve neutralization and harmony. In the Book of Changes, we are talking about ten wings. The Book of Changes says that "one yin and one yang are the Tao". Yin and Yang are the beginning of all things. With Yin and Yang, there is the beginning of all things. Laozi: "Life two, life two, life three, life three. Everything is negative and positive, and it is harmonious. " Because yin and yang are harmonious, everything is created. So this is our concept of yin and yang.