original text
Prelude to water melody
Chen Bing Mid-Autumn Festival (1), drunk (2), writing this article and getting pregnant (3). (Preface)
When did the moon begin to appear? Ask about Sky Wine. I wonder what year it is today. I want to ride home in the wind [6], but I'm afraid the top of Qionglou Yuyu [7] is too cold. ⑼ What exactly does the shadow dance like?
Turn Zhu Ge, low yee [q ǐ] households, according to sleepless ⑾. There should be no hate. Why did you leave each other? People have joys and sorrows, and the moon is full of ups and downs. This is an old problem. Wish people a long time [14], thousands of miles away * * * Juan [14].
To annotate ...
(1) Chen Bing: refers to AD 1076 (the ninth year of Xining in Song Shenzong). This year, Su Shi was appointed as the magistrate of Mizhou (now Zhucheng City, Shandong Province).
⑵ Da Dan: Until dawn.
⑶ Ziyou: Su Zhe, Su Shi's younger brother, is also called "San Su" with his father Su Xun and his brother Su Shi.
(4) put wine: take a glass. Wait, wait, wait.
5] què: It refers to the palace in the middle of the moon. Que, the stone platform behind the ancient city wall.
[6] Go home: Go back, which means go back to the Moon Palace.
(7) qióng Yuyu: a building made of beautiful jade, which refers to the imaginary fairy palace.
Being overwhelmed (sh, always reading sh) can't stand it, can't stand it. Victory: bear, bear.
(9) Find out the shadow: It means that the shadow in the moonlight can also dance all kinds of dances. Play or enjoy.
⑽ What is it like? What is it like? What is it like?
⑾ Turn to Zhuge, low qi (qǐ) households, take photos of sleepless people: the moon moves, turn to Zhu Hongting, hang carved windows low, take photos of sleepless people (referring to the poet himself). Zhuge: Zhu Dingting. Qihu: Gorgeous doors and windows are carved with flowers.
⑿ There should be no hatred. Why should cháng be round at other times? (The moon) should not have any resentment (towards people). Why should people be round when they are separated? What: Why?
[13] This matter refers to the "happiness" and "harmony" of people and the "sunny" and "round" of the moon.
[14] Dan: Just.
⒂ Li * * * (chán) Juan (juān): I only wish them peace every year, and even though they are thousands of miles apart, they can enjoy this beautiful moonlight together. * * *: Let's enjoy it. Chan Juan: refers to the moon.
Vernacular translation
On the Mid-Autumn Festival in Chen Bing, I drank happily until the next morning, got drunk, wrote this word, and missed my brother Su Zhe.
When did the bright moon begin to appear? I raised my glass and asked the distant sky. The palace in the sky, I don't know what year and month tonight. I want to ride the breeze back to the sky, but I'm afraid that the buildings built by Meiyu can't stand the cold of nine days. Dancing under the moon to enjoy the clear shadow is nothing like human life.
The moon revolves around the scarlet pavilion, hanging low on the carved window, shining on the sleepy self. Mingyue shouldn't have any resentment against people, should she? Why is it round when people are gone? People have joys and sorrows, and the moon changes from sunny to sunny. This kind of thing has been difficult to be comprehensive since ancient times. I only hope that all the relatives in this world can be safe and healthy, and even if they are thousands of miles apart, they can enjoy this beautiful moonlight.
Creation background
This word was written by the author during the Mid-Autumn Festival in Song Shenzong on 1076 (the ninth year of Xining). The preface before the word explains the process of writing the word: "Chen Bing Mid-Autumn Festival, drunk with joy. I am pregnant for this article. " Su Shi begged for freedom and went around as an official because of his different political views from Wang Anshi, a political reformer in power. He once asked to be transferred to a place near Su Zhe to be an official, so that his brothers could get together more. In A.D. 1074 (the seventh year of Xining), Su Shi knew Mizhou. After arriving in Michigan, this wish still cannot be realized. On the Mid-Autumn Festival in A.D. 1076, the moon was bright and Yin Hui was everywhere. The poet and his younger brother Su Zhe had not been reunited for seven years. At this moment, the poet is facing a bright moon, and his heart is full of ups and downs, so he wrote this famous article with the strength of wine.
Make an appreciative comment
This word is a work of appreciating the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, expressing the infinite memory of my brother Su Zhe. The poet uses the image description technique to outline a bright moon in the sky, distant relatives thousands of miles away, aloof and broad-minded state atmosphere, which is in sharp contrast with previous myths and legends, and permeates a strong philosophical meaning in "Moon Loss". It can be said that it is a sentimental work that is highly compatible with nature and society.
The preface to the word says: "Chen Bing Mid-Autumn Festival, drinking too much, getting drunk, writing this article, pregnant." Chen Bing was a.d. 1076 (the ninth year of Xining in northern Song Shenzong). At that time, Su Shi was the prefect of Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province). On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, he enjoyed the moon and drank until dawn, pretending to be the song "Water Turn Around". Su Shi was dominated by lofty Confucianism and practice all his life. However, he is also "good at Taoism". After middle age, he once said that he "turned to Buddhism and became a monk", and he was often entangled in Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Whenever they are frustrated, Laozi and Zhuangzi's thoughts rise to help them explain the confusion of poverty and progress and retreat. In A.D. 107 1 year (the fourth year of Xining), Hangzhou was sentenced by pushing the officials of Fengfu to gain power and avoid the whirlpool of Bianjing political struggle. In A.D. 1074 (the seventh year of Xining), Mizhou moved voluntarily, but it was still in the cold palace. Although there was a "rich face" at that time, it was quite a bit broad-minded, and it was difficult to hide the depression and anger in my heart. This Mid-Autumn Festival poem is the sublimation and summary of this sinister career experience. "Drunkenness" is the main factor, supplemented by "simultaneous pregnancy". For the author who has always adhered to the moral integrity of "respecting the master and benefiting the people", the separation and affair of brothers and sisters is, after all, a secondary ethical burden compared with the national conditions of worrying about the country and the people and invading the border. This point is deeply implied in the preface.
In the image of the moon, the infinite longing and ideal of human beings are condensed. Su Shi is a writer with bold personality and romantic temperament. When he looked up at the Mid-Autumn Moon, his thoughts and feelings seemed to have wings and fly freely between heaven and earth. Reflected in the text, it has formed a bold and free and easy style.
Looking at the moon in the last film, the word is full of leisurely and vigorous thinking, confused from a strategically advantageous position, down-to-earth, self-contained, strategically advantageous. At first, I asked a question: When did the bright moon begin to exist-"When did the bright moon exist? Ask the sky for wine. " The details of Begging for Wine are similar to Tian Wen written by Qu Yuan and Begging for the Moon written by Li Bai. The obsession with questions and the escape from thinking do have similar essence and spiritual concentration. As far as creative motivation is concerned, Qu Yuan's Tian Wen is full of 170 questions. It was after he was exiled that he roamed the mountains and rivers and experienced the land. He saw "painting mountains and rivers and gods" and "strange performances of ancient saints" in the Temple of King Xian of Chu and the ancestral hall of Communist Youth, and then "asked questions" (Wang Yi's Preface) was the product of touching the scene. Li Bai's poem "Drinking asking for the moon" is self-explanatory: "Old friend Jia Chunling asked him." It's also improvisation. As mentioned in the preface, Su Shi's ci is a rhapsody after enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival and drinking happily, and it is also a "work with artistic conception" (Wang Guowei's Poems on Earth). Everyone has the characteristics of getting up suddenly and asking strange questions. Psychologically speaking, Qu Yuan was in a state of emotional ecstasy before he entered the temple of the former king (preface to Wang Yi's Songs of the South and Questions of Heaven), so he asked the sky, "seemingly stupid but not stupid, extremely angry and sad" (Seeking Truth with New Notes on Hu Chuci). Li Bai is "only willing to be a singer and a wine, and the moonlight shines on the golden urn" ("Drinking asking for the moon"), and the feeling of frustration in the aftermath is also audible. Su Shi wrote this word during Chen Bing's reign. When he opposed Wang Anshi's new law, he invited himself to be appointed as Mizhou. There is both a strong concern about the political situation of the imperial court and a complicated mood of looking forward to returning to Bianjing. Therefore, as soon as the Mid-Autumn Festival arrives, I am drunk and full of interest. The creative psychology of the three men is actually dark.
Su Shi regards Qingtian as a friend and asks for wine, which shows his bold personality and extraordinary verve. Li Bai's "Drinking asking for the moon" poem says: "When is there a moon in the sky? I'm going to stop for a drink today and ask. " But Li Bai's tone here is more soothing, and Su Shi's tone is more concerned and urgent, because he wants to fly to the Moon Palace. "When will there be a bright moon?" This problem seems to be traced back to the origin of the bright moon and the origin of the universe; It seems to marvel at the wonders of nature, from which we can feel the poet's praise and yearning for the bright moon.
The next two sentences: "I don't know what year it is tonight." Praise and yearning for the bright moon have been further promoted. It has been many years since the birth of the bright moon. I don't know what day it is tonight at the Moon Palace. The poet imagined that it must be a good day, which is why the moon is so round and bright. He wanted to see it very much, so he went on to say, "I want to go home in the wind, but I'm afraid of beautiful buildings, and it's too cold up there." In the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai was called "fallen immortals", while Huang Tingjian called Su Shi and Li Bai "two fallen immortals". Su Shi imagined that his previous life was in the middle of the month, so he thought of "going home by the wind." He wants to fly to the Moon Palace in the wind, but he is afraid that the Qionglou Yuyu there is too high to stand the cold there. "Qionglou Yuyu" is from Memorabilia: "Qu Gan only plays the moon on the river bank. How dare you? Xiao Qu said, "You can watch it with me." After reading the monthly regulations for a long time, Qionglou is a rotten building. "I can't stand the cold", using the allusion in Ming Taizu Miscellanies: On the evening of August 15th, Ye Jing can invite Ming Taizu to visit the Moon Palace. Before leaving, Ye told him to wear a fur coat. When I arrived at the Moon Palace, it was really too cold to support. These words clearly describe the coldness of the moon palace, hint at the bright moonlight, and implicitly write the ambivalence of yearning for the sky and nostalgia for the world. There are two other words worth noting here, that is, "I want to go home by wind." Perhaps it is because Su Shi yearns for the bright moon and has long regarded it as his home. Judging from Su Shi's thoughts, he is deeply influenced by Taoism, holds a detached attitude towards life, and likes Taoist regimen, so he often has the idea of being born into an immortal. His "Thousand Red Cliffs Fu" describes the feeling of going boating under the moon, saying: "It is as vast as the wind of Feng Xu, and I don't know where it ends; It's like independence, feather and immortality. "It is also from the full moon to immortality, and this word can be used to confirm each other. On the one hand, the poet's whimsy of leaving the world and surpassing nature comes from his curiosity about the mysteries of the universe, on the other hand, he is more dissatisfied with the real world. There are so many unsatisfactory things in the world that the poet is forced to fantasize about getting rid of this troubled world and living a carefree fairy life in Qionglou Yuyu. Su Shi was later demoted to Huangzhou, and he always had similar whimsy. The so-called "the ship died from now on, and Jiang Hai sent the rest of his life." However, in word, this is just a plan. Before it was launched, it was interrupted by another opposite idea: "I am afraid of beautiful buildings, and the heights are too cold." These two sentences came to a sharp turn. Although the "Qionglou Yuyu" in the sky is magnificent and beautiful, it is too cold to bear to live there for a long time. The poet deliberately found out the fly in the ointment in the sky to strengthen his determination to stay on earth. One is right and the other is wrong, which shows the poet's love for human life. At the same time, the scene of enjoying the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival is still being written here, and readers can appreciate the beauty of the moon and the chill of the moonlight. This turning point shows the poet's ambivalence of nostalgia for the world and yearning for the sky. This contradiction can more profoundly explain the poet's thoughts and feelings of nostalgia for the world and love for life, and show the poet's open-minded mind and lofty aspirations, thus bringing an open-minded style to the lyrics.
But after all, Su Shi loves life more. "Dancing to find the shadow is just like on the earth!" It is better to stay on earth and dance in the moonlight than to fly to the cold moon palace! "Clear shadow" refers to your clear figure in the moonlight. "Dancing to understand the shadow" means dancing and playing with your clear shadow. Li Bai's "Drinking the Bright Moon Alone" said: "I sing. The moon encourages me and I dance. My shadow is rolling behind. " Su Shi's "Dancing in the Shadow" was born here. "It's too cold up there" is not the fundamental reason why the author doesn't want to go home, but "dancing to understand the shadow, what is it like" is the fundamental reason. Instead of flying to the cold moon palace, it is better to stay on earth and dance in the moonlight, at least with your clear shadow. The word was written from fantasy to heaven, and here it returned to the feelings of lovers. The psychological transition from "desire" to "fear" and then to "likeness" shows the ups and downs of Su Shi's emotions. He finally returned to reality from fantasy. In the contradiction between birth and WTO entry, WTO entry thought finally gained the upper hand. "What's It Like" is undoubtedly affirmative, and the vigorous and powerful brushwork shows the intensity of emotion.
In the next film, I am pregnant with someone, that is, with a child. I associate the full moon of Mid-Autumn Festival with the parting of the world, and I also feel the impermanence of life. "Turn to Zhuge, low-lying households, sleepless." Here, it not only refers to the deep feelings of missing my brother, but also refers to all those who are separated because they can't reunite with their loved ones during the Mid-Autumn Festival. "Can't sleep" refers to those who feel sad because they can't reunite with their relatives, so they can't sleep. The poet blames the moon for no reason, saying, "You shouldn't have any resentment against the moon. Why is it always round when people leave? " In contrast, the sadness of leaving people is heavier. This is to blame the bright moon for deliberately embarrassing people and adding chaos to them. The unreasonable tone further sets off the poet's deep affection for his younger brother, but implicitly expresses his sympathy for the unfortunate.
Then, the poet turned the pen and said some comforting words to excuse the bright moon: "Of course, people have joys and sorrows, and the moon also has ups and downs." When she was shrouded in dark clouds, when she lost money, she also had her regrets. Since ancient times, there is no perfection in the world. "These three sentences, from humans to the moon, from ancient times to the present, are highly summarized. Judging from the tone, it seems to be on behalf of Yue Ming to answer the previous questions; Structurally, it is another layer, from the opposition between people and the moon to the integration of people and the moon. Exculpatory for the moon, in essence, emphasizes the philosophy of personnel, while pinning hope for the future. Because when the moon is full, people get together. Very philosophical.
At the end of the word, I wrote, "May people live for a long time and have a beautiful scenery thousands of miles away." "Chanjuan" is a beautiful appearance, which means Chang 'e, which means the moon. "* * * Chanjuan" means * * * bright moon, and the allusion comes from Xie Zhuang's Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties: "Thousands of miles away, the bright moon is in the sky." Since the departure of human beings is inevitable, as long as relatives are alive, even if they are thousands of miles apart, they can connect the two places and communicate with each other's hearts by shining the bright moon on earth. "I wish people a long life" is to break through the time limit; "A Thousand Miles of Chanjuan" is to break through the barriers of space. Let the same love for the bright moon unite people who are separated from each other. There is a saying in the ancients that "God makes friends". Good friends are far apart, but they can connect with each other. "Thousands of miles * * * ChanJuan" can also be said to be a kind of spiritual friendship. These two sentences are not general self-consolation and encouragement, but show the author's attitude in dealing with some important issues such as time, space and life, and fully show the richness and breadth of the poet's spiritual realm. Wang Bo has two poems: "However, as long as China keeps our friendship, heaven is still our neighbor." It is meaningful and passed down as a good sentence, which has the same effect as "a thousand miles * * * Chanjuan". In addition, Zhang Jiuling's "Looking at the Moon and Thinking Away" said: "When is the bright moon full? At this time, crossing the sea, the horizon is * * *." Xu Hun's "Autumn Sending Faraway" said: "Only wait for the bright moon, and accompany you thousands of miles." You can refer to each other. I wish you all peace every year, and you can enjoy the beautiful moonlight thousands of miles away, expressing the author's blessings and thoughts to your loved ones, and showing the author's broad-minded attitude and optimistic spirit. Su Shi wants to integrate the poems of his predecessors into his own works and cast them into a universal emotion. As mentioned in the preface, this poem expresses the nostalgia for his younger brother Su Zhe (Ziziyou), but it is not limited to this. It can be said that this sentence is Su Shi's best wish to all those who are suffering from parting on the night of Mid-Autumn Festival.
This article is one of the representative works of Su Ci. As far as artistic achievements are concerned, it has a unique conception, a unique road and a romantic color, and has always been recognized as the swan song in Mid-Autumn Festival ci. Expressively, the first half of the word is written vertically, and the second half is narrated horizontally. The last film is strategically important, and the next film is full of twists and turns. The first half is the innovation of myths in past dynasties, and it is also the evolution and development of fairy poems in Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties. The second half is pure line drawing, and people and the moon are double. It's called deductive physics, but it actually explains personnel. The pen is intricately circling and vacillating. In terms of layout, the top piece rises in the air and seems to be empty; The next wave is cascading, returning to reality. Finally, reality and reality are intertwined, Xu. With the beautiful and magnificent scene as the background, the whole poem expresses the shielding and confusion of wandering immortals to heaven, dancing directly to the world, leaving love and entering the world, and the optimism and good wishes of being broad-minded and conforming to life, which is full of philosophy and human feelings. Be ambitious and novel. Finally, it is the natural expression of the poet's feelings to close the bundle with broad-minded feelings. Emotion and rhyme win each other, and the realm is magnificent, which has high aesthetic value. This word is a good sentence, which typically reflects the clear and broad style of Su Ci.
The author not only praised "the universal consciousness of the world", but also abandoned the modality of "being amazed in the face of magical eternity" (Wen Yiduo commented on the language of "A Moonlit Night on a Spring River"). He doesn't treat the change and development of nature completely detached, but tries to seek the meaning of "following fate" from the laws of nature. Therefore, although this word is basically a kind of autumn rhyme with sparse feelings, it also has the charm of "touching the spring" and is fascinating.
This song "Water Tune" has been well received. Hu Zai's Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua thinks this word is the best one to write Mid-Autumn Festival. This word seems to be a dialogue with the bright moon, in which the meaning of life is discussed. It is both reasonable and interesting, and it is very intriguing. So it has been talked for 900 years. Janice's "first frost Corner": "Singing Dongpo's" Water Tune "is clear and full of snow." In the thirtieth time of the Water Margin, I wrote August 15th, "I can sing a song about Mid-Autumn Festival to the moon", and I sang "A Mid-Autumn Water Tune by a Dongpo bachelor." It can be seen that the song and yuan dynasties sang. The whole poem is bold and broad in artistic conception and optimistic and broad in feelings. The yearning for the bright moon and the attachment to the world, as well as the romantic color, unique style and flowing language, can all give people a healthy aesthetic enjoyment.
Famous comments
Song Cai Brocade "Tieweishan Congtan" Volume 3: The singer Mao Yuan is Li Guinian of Tianbao. Xuanhe room is dedicated for nine days. Taste my words: "Dongpo Gong once showed his guests around Jinshan. It was a mild autumn evening, and the sky was low and boundless. Accompanied by Russia's surging river and picturesque moonlight, he climbed the Qifeng of Jinshan and ordered him to sing this song:' When will the bright moon come? Ask the sky for wine. After singing, Poe danced and danced, and the counselor said,' This is a fairy!' I said,' the characters in the article are sincere for thousands of years, and what about future generations?' "
Song Huyin's "Introduction to Wine Collection": Wash away the enchanting and fragrant state, get rid of the degree of turning crisis into safety, make people climb high and look far, hold their heads high and sing, but get rid of arrogance and dirt.
Hu Zai's Stories before Fishing Hidden Cong Volume 59: The first gentleman tasted the cloud: the word "low-spirited household" was used as a poem, and the cloud tasted the enchanting household. The words have been changed, and the words are better.
Volume 39 of Hu Zai's Aftersound Conghua: Mid-Autumn Festival words, since Dongpo's Shuidiao Getou came out, the rest words have been abolished.
Yuan Liye's "Jing Zhai Ku Jin" Volume 8: Dongpo Shuidiao Song: "If you want to take the wind home, you will be afraid that the Qionglou Yuyu will be cool. What does it feel like to dance to understand the shadow on earth? " Later, use this case more. Such as Lu Zhiyun: "If you want to find a way to spend flowers, go straight into the depths of white clouds and show me a rainbow." I'm afraid that scarlet flowers will wet people's clothes. "The smile dongpo language also. Zhao Bingwen, an idle old man recently, also said, "I want whales to go home, but I'm afraid of the fairy mansion, and I think it's true when I'm drunk. Laughing and patting the hand of the immortal, how many times did you dream? "
Qing Chenghong wrote his first introduction: the first half of this word is a fairy tale.
Liu Xizai's Outline of Art Volume 4: Ci is based on non-crime. Fang Ting, a native of Dongpo, said, "When I am old, I don't repay my kindness. Look back at the tragic playing song." Sincere and generous, if you don't tune the song: "If you want to go home by the wind, you will be afraid of the beauty of the building and can't stand the cold." Especially the ethereal meaning.
Zheng commented on Dongpo Yuefu: It started from Taibai Fairy Heart and became a wonderful pen. Xiang Kaiyun recited this word, making it a "three-language slap" and coming uninvited.
Brief introduction of the author
Su Shi (1037 ~110/) was a writer in the Song Dynasty. The word Zizhan, also known as He Zhong, is called Dongpo lay man. Meizhou Meishan (now Sichuan) people. Su Xun's eldest son. 1057 (the second year of Jiayou) Jinshi. In addition to the Chinese book Sheren, Hanlin Bachelor, Duanming Temple Bachelor, and the history of the Ministry of Rites. He was successively sentenced to Hangzhou, Zhimi, Xuzhou, Huzhou and Yingzhou. 1080 (Yuanfeng three years), Huangzhou was demoted by the new libel law. Later, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou. Song Huizong, forgive me. Died in Changzhou. Chasing Wenzhong. He is knowledgeable, versatile and good at writing, engineering poetry and calligraphy. Yu Ci is "uninhibited and uninhibited, and doesn't like to cut and follow the rhythm", with rich themes and broad artistic conception. He broke through the traditional barrier of "Ci is a colorful subject" since the late Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty, and took poetry as his ci, which created an uninhibited school and had a great influence on later generations. There are seven episodes of Dongpo, Dongpo Ci, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu and so on.