1, physiological function of male testis
To maintain the normal physiological function of testis, scrotum has a high requirement on temperature, and undertakes the important task of regulating testicular temperature. When it is cold, the testicular temperature is too low, the testis is wet, and the scrotal skin contracts to prevent heat loss; When the testicles are overheated, the scrotal skin will relax and dissipate heat.
The optimum temperature it needs is about 35 degrees Celsius, and the body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius is harmful to its function. Some patients with cryptorchidism have poor sexual function, even asexual function, because their testicles can't function normally because of the long-term high temperature environment. Men should easily understand the above changes in scrotum. The testicular changes in menopausal men are due to the decline of testicular function, and a series of degenerative changes will gradually appear in the accessory reproductive organs, which is hereby explained.
Testicular changes:
When men enter menopause, their testicles degenerate first. After 40 years old, the weight of testicles began to decrease gradually, after 50 years old, the volume also decreased slowly, and decreased obviously after 60 years old. Testicular biopsy of some menopausal men can confirm this. However, the age and speed of physiological degeneration of testicular tissue often vary from person to person, starting from the early 40 s and appearing in the late 50 s, and getting worse with age. After the age of 70, it obviously degenerates, and the spermatogenic function declines, but sperm is still produced continuously. Unlike women, there is no age limit for childbearing. After 50 years old, leydig cells of testis also show various morphological changes. With the increase of age, the synthesis and secretion of testosterone in testis showed a gradual decline.
Aging makes the intrinsic membrane and basement membrane of seminiferous tubule thicker, and later the seminiferous epithelium becomes thinner, the diameter of seminiferous tubule becomes smaller and the lumen is occluded. Local fibrosis gradually occurred in the space around the cells, making some adjacent seminiferous tubules completely fibrotic and some still normal. That is to say, the ability of interstitial cells to respond to gonadotropin and secrete androgen decreases, which will reduce testosterone (androgen).
The amount of ejaculation and the total number of sperm also decrease with age, the percentage of abnormal sperm increases, and the quality of seminal plasma also decreases.
2. Prevention methods of orchitis
1, to avoid being too tired. When men are nervous and tired, sympathetic nerves are excited, which will obviously inhibit desire and penile erection. Physical fatigue is bound to affect the performance of men in the same room, which greatly reduces the sexual happiness index.
2, the humid environment is easy to cause disease. Damp environment and local humidity of external genitalia can easily lead to dermatoses such as tinea cruris and scrotal eczema. These skin diseases can cause local itching, rash, pigmentation, odor and so on. This will seriously affect men's self-confidence and desire, and some will also cause suspicions and contradictions between couples.
3. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, increase the intake of vitamin C and other ingredients, and improve the anti-inflammatory ability of the body. Eat less so-called "hair" such as pig's trotters, fish soup, mutton, etc., so as to avoid the increase of secretions at the inflamed parts, and orchitis further infiltrates and spreads, aggravating symptoms.
4, be careful not to eat spicy food, don't smoke and drink, don't stand for a long time, don't have excessive sex.
5. The key to prevent orchitis is that susceptible children under one year old can be vaccinated, and live attenuated mumps vaccine can prevent mumps and complicated orchitis.
6. Avoid direct air-conditioning cold air blowing. Cold can make a man's penis, scrotum and other organs contract, and his sense of touch becomes insensitive. Cold can also induce or aggravate prostate diseases, causing discomfort such as premature ejaculation and ejaculation pain. Therefore, men should pay attention to cold and warmth in cold weather, and avoid direct air-conditioning blowing in summer to prevent catching cold in the process of sharing a room. Beware of high temperature injury to testicles. Testis is an important reproductive organ of men, which is responsible for producing sperm and androgen. If the testis wants to work normally, its temperature should be kept at 35.5℃-36℃. If the ambient temperature is too high, it will affect the normal function of testis.
7, orchitis should be early intravenous application of a large number of broad-spectrum effective antibiotics to control inflammation, in order to reduce the occurrence of suppurative orchitis and testicular abscess, especially attention should be paid to acute mumps orchitis.
8. Don't sit on the soft sofa for a long time. Sitting on a soft sofa for a long time will cause serious damage to the male scrotum. The normal sitting posture is based on the pelvis, and the scrotum can be loosely placed between the legs. But sitting on the soft sofa, the scrotum will cling to the leg because of being squeezed, which will not only raise the local temperature, but also hinder the local blood circulation, thus affecting the production of sperm and testosterone. Therefore, men should never sit on the soft sofa for a long time, but stand up and walk for 40 minutes.