Table cap: it is a component made on the upper surface of the table body to place superstructure such as beams and plates;
Cap beam: it is divided into pier cap beam and abutment cap beam, which are located at the top of pier and abutment and play the role of shelving the main beam.
Abutment consists of abutment cap, abutment body and foundation. The common height of abutment is less than10m, and a few of them are as high as 20m. In general, the height of abutment is determined by the height of subgrade fill at the bridge head.
On the premise of meeting the flood discharge or traffic requirements under the bridge in bridge opening, Gao Qiao platform and high embankment can be built at the bridge head, and the approach bridge can also be used to extend the bridge length instead of high embankment, which mainly depends on the topography, geology, earthwork allocation, rational land use and environmental beautification near the bridge site.
Extended data
The difference between "desk cap" and "pier cap" lies in that the desk cap is generally located at the abutment position, and the pier cap is generally located above the mid-span pier column, with a single row of bearings above the desk cap and two rows of bearings above the pier cap. Many people understand that "capping beam" is "pier cap".
For thin-walled piers, due to the small cross-sectional size of the pier body, it is necessary to increase the pier top to meet the requirements of supporting the superstructure, just like putting a hat on the pier, which is called pier cap at this time. In addition, in the Code for Steel Structure of Highway Bridges, the cap of pile-column abutment is also called capping beam.
Baidu encyclopedia-abutment
Baidu encyclopedia-bridge