Solid wood flooring is a floor decoration material made by drying wood. It has the characteristics of natural patterns, comfortable feet and safe use, and is an ideal material for floor decoration in bedrooms, living rooms and study rooms. The decorative style of solid wood returns to nature and the texture is natural. Today, with the decline of forest coverage and the vigorous promotion of environmental protection, solid wood flooring is even more precious. Solid wood flooring is divided into AA grade, A grade and B grade, with AA grade having the highest quality.

The standard of solid wood flooring is GB/T 15306-200 1. This standard has been implemented since May, 2002 1 day, and the original 94 standard was abolished at the same time. The new national standard has made important amendments and supplements to the old national standard. It is mainly to modify the contents of some sizes and defects, supplement the specifications of applicable tree species and the requirements for paint boards. At the same time, the requirements for impact toughness, hardness and wear resistance of wood are cancelled.

In the past, the name of the market was once mislabeled, with various names, even fake and shoddy. In the meantime, what golden pomelo, gold does not change, rich wood makes it difficult for customers to distinguish between true and false, good and bad is unknown. Therefore, the new standard must be strictly nominal and stipulated in the form of an appendix. Sales should be based on the test report issued by the authoritative department.

1. Main Tree Species of Solid Wood Flooring

Due to different materials, the hardness, natural color and texture of solid wood flooring are also quite different, as follows:

Oak oak (oak wood), sand pear, black ant (ebony), borneol incense (camphor tree), Diptera, Gamba pair, Baodi bean, camphor tree (ironwood), camphor tree, etc.

Medium: teak, Indocalamus (pineapple lattice), Miluo Shuang (balao), and fragrant dogwood (Ruxiang).

Soft: Fraxinus mandshurica, birch.

Light colors: Cyclobalanopsis (beech), birch, Japanese olive.

Middle colors: oak, Fraxinus mandshurica, Miluo Shuang, fragrant dogwood.

Dark colors: teak, tomato, heavy ant wood, fragrant winged bean and Pincado.

Coarse grains: teak, oak, croton and manchurian ash.

Fine lines: Cyclobalanopsis, birch.

2. Moisture content of solid wood floor

Wood contains three forms of water. One is water existing in cell cavities and intercellular spaces, that is, water existing in capillaries, which is called free water. The second is the water absorbed by the cell wall, which is called adsorbed water. The third is the water that constitutes the cell tissue, which is called chemical water.

When the moisture of wet wood evaporates, the first thing that is lost is free water. When free water evaporates and adsorbed water is still saturated, its moisture content is called fiber saturation point moisture content.

Fiber saturation point is the turning point of wood properties. Above the fiber saturation point, the strength of wood is constant and does not change with the change of water content. At the same time, there is no volume change of wood expansion and contraction. When the moisture content falls below the fiber saturation point, that is, the adsorbed water in the cell wall begins to evaporate, and the strength increases with the decrease of moisture content, and the phenomenon of wet swelling and dry shrinkage is also obvious. The moisture content of different wood fiber saturation points is about 22%~33%.

Humidity and temperature in different parts of nature are relatively stable in different seasons. Wood is in this relative temperature and humidity environment for a long time, and its moisture content will reach a relatively constant value. The moisture content at this time is called equilibrium moisture content (for example, the annual equilibrium moisture content in Shanghai is 4.6%).

The equilibrium moisture content of wood changes with the temperature and humidity of its environment. When the equilibrium moisture content is different from the ambient humidity, it tends to be close to the environment. This leads to the phenomenon of wet swelling and dry shrinkage of wood, which is a unique physical phenomenon of wood.

Wood is also an anisotropic body. The moisture content of wood in practical use is lower than the fiber saturation point, so the gain and loss of water is mainly the absorbed water of cell wall. Most wood cells grow vertically, and their expansion and contraction are perpendicular to the cell wall. As a floor, we can find that there is generally no expansion and contraction in the longitudinal direction, while the expansion and contraction rate in the width direction is generally 3% ~ 6% (referring to the change of wood moisture content below the fiber saturation point moisture content).

Therefore, it is very important to control the moisture content of the floor. Attention should be paid not only in production, but also in laying to prevent the floor from being deformed by moisture.

3. Dry balance treatment of solid wood floor

purpose

(1) reach the specified equilibrium moisture content suitable for the environmental characteristics of the use area.

(2) Eliminate the internal stress existing and produced in the process of wood growth and processing.

(3) Adjustment and recovery of deformation.

Because the annual equilibrium moisture content in Shanghai is 15.6%, the moisture content of floors used in Shanghai should be controlled between 10%- 14%.

process

(1) Natural drying takes about 30 ~ 40 days to make the water content reach about 30%.

(2) Artificial drying takes about 10 ~ 30 days to make the water content below 10%. At the same time, the pulp juice in wood is distilled, which balances the tissue of wood cell wall and makes the drying shrinkage tend to be stable and consistent.

(3) The curing treatment takes about 10 ~ 20 days. Through this process, the three purposes of wood drying are finally achieved.

Dry balance treatment is called heat treatment. The time of this treatment will vary with different materials, but it cannot be artificially shortened. There is a misunderstanding in sales that the heat-treated floor will never deform. In fact, this is impossible. No matter how it is treated, the moisture content of wood changes below the fiber saturation point, and it is inevitable that it will swell and shrink when wet.

4. Causes of deformation of solid wood floor

Generally speaking, the common phenomenon in use is that the floor is tiled or arched, which is caused by the floor being damp. The reasons why the floor is wet are roughly as follows:

(1) Moisture in the air (such as Huangmeitian).

(2) The floor is wet, and the keel is reinforced with cement.

(3) The keel and rough floor are too wet.

(4) Use water-based glue.

(5) The damp environment such as the first floor has not been specially moistureproof.

(6) The part where the stone floor meets the ground is not closed.

(7) Blisters (e.g. broken water pipes and backflow of balcony water). ).

In addition, the product itself and improper construction will also cause arching. For example, improper drying, insufficient curing, too low moisture content, too shallow back groove, insufficient expansion gap during construction, too tight laying and so on.

5. Laying and maintenance points of solid wood floor

(1) The floor slab shall be laid in the later stage of construction, and cross construction is not allowed. After laying, it should be polished and painted as soon as possible. In order to avoid soiling the floor or deformation due to moisture.

(2) Before laying, the floor should be unpacked and stacked at the laying site for 1 ~ 2 days to adapt to the environment and avoid expansion and contraction deformation after laying.

(3) Moisture-proof measures should be taken when laying, especially in damp places such as subfloor. Moisture-proof measures include coating moisture-proof paint, spreading moisture-proof film, and using bedding treasures.

(4) The keel shall be smooth and firm, and shall not be reinforced with cement. It is best to use expansion bolts and expansion nails.

(5) The keel should be made of wood with strong nail holding capacity, such as larch and Lu 'an. The moisture content of keel or wool floor should be close to the floor. Keel spacing should not be too large, generally not more than 30 cm. Both ends of the floor should be fixed on the keel, and no blank space should be left. Nails must be nailed on each keel. Do not use water-based glue.

(6) The floor should not be spread too tightly, with enough expansion joints (0.5 ~ 1.2 cm) around it, and it should not be spread too wide. In case of wide occasions, it should be cut off separately, and then pressed with copper bars for transition.

(7) Thorough isolation and moisture-proof measures should be taken at the junction of the floor and the stone floor such as the entrance hall, bathroom and kitchen.

(8) The floor color difference is inevitable. If the requirements for color difference are high, you can sort in advance and adopt the method of gradual change to reduce the visual sense of mutation.

(9) Avoid washing with water during use, avoid long-term sun exposure and continuous air conditioning direct blowing, and prevent the rain forest from colliding with hard objects at the window. In order to protect the floor, the paint surface can be waxed (from the perspective of protecting the floor, waxing is better than painting).

Paint the floor

Painted floors are produced by the factory on the assembly line. Most of the coatings used are UV paints, which can be quickly cured by ultraviolet rays. Their hardness and wear resistance are much higher than those of ordinary hand-painted paints, but their adhesion is a little poor.

Another advantage of the painted floor is that the whole floor is made up of many fast painted surfaces, so there will be no cracks with the expansion and contraction of the floor.

Solid wood composite floor

Solid wood composite floor is made by cutting high-quality solid wood into panels, core boards and bottom boards, and then bonding three kinds of veneers with glue in vertical, horizontal and vertical three-dimensional arrangement according to the mechanical principles of different materials, and pressing them into boards at high temperature, so that the opposite change of wood can be controlled. Because the paint film on the floor surface has the characteristics of beautiful luster, wear resistance, heat resistance, impact resistance, flame retardant, mildew and moth resistance, laying it in the room will not only make the room more harmonious and perfect, but also its price will not be higher than that of similar solid wood floors, so it is more and more welcomed by consumers.

At present, there are three-layer and multi-layer solid wood composite floors.

The surface layer of the three-layer solid wood composite floor is made of high-quality precious wood plates, and the middle and bottom layers are made of fast-growing wood, which is hot-pressed with glue. The surface layer is about 4 mm thick, the core layer is about 8 ~ 9 mm, the bottom layer is about 2 mm, and the total thickness is generally14 ~15 mm.

Multi-layer solid wood composite floor takes multi-layer plywood as the base material, and the surface layer is hardwood mosaic or sliced veneer, which is made by hot pressing with glue. The number of plywood at the grass-roots level must be single, usually three or five. If the surface layer is hardwood, the thickness is usually 1.2 mm, the particleboard is 0.2 ~ 0.8 mm, and the total thickness is usually not more than12 mm.

Solid wood composite flooring has the advantages of natural and beautiful wood grain, comfortable feet, sound insulation and heat preservation, and overcomes the disadvantage of easy deformation of solid wood flooring (the wood fibers of each layer are perpendicular to each other, which disperses the deformation and stress). And is large in specification and convenient to lay.

The disadvantage is that if the bonding quality is poor, degumming will occur. In addition, due to the thin surface layer (especially multi-layer), we must pay attention to maintenance during use. Therefore, the use occasions are limited.

Solid wood composite flooring is glued together, and its formaldehyde emission is a very important index. The state has mandatory standards for this, namely GB 18580-200 1

(3) laminate flooring (impregnated paper laminate flooring)

Structure: the reinforced floor is composed of four layers.

The first layer: wear-resistant layer. Mainly composed of Al2O3 (aluminum oxide), it has strong wear resistance and hardness, and some melamine-made laminate flooring can't meet the standard requirements.

The second layer: decorative layer. It is a layer of paper impregnated with melamine resin, printed with wood grain or other patterns imitating precious tree species.

The third layer: the grassroots. It is a medium density or high density laminate. After high temperature and high pressure treatment, it has certain moisture-proof and flame retardant properties, and the basic material is wood fiber.

The fourth layer: the balance layer. It is a layer of kraft paper with certain strength and thickness, impregnated with resin to prevent moisture and floor deformation.

Main quality indicators

Surface wear-resisting revolution

* * * local ≥9000 rpm, home ≥6000 rpm. The above revolutions refer to the initial wear value, that is, the surface decoration layer is exposed, not the final wear value, that is, the floor is completely worn through.

Some reinforced floors in the market express that the wear-resistant revolution is very high, but it is likely to be the final wear-resistant value of the target.

The swelling rate of water absorption thickness refers to the degree of increase of water absorption thickness of the base after the laminate flooring is soaked in water at 25℃ for a period of time, expressed in%. The greater the expansion rate, the greater the strength decline of the floor after being wetted, and the surface will protrude or even fall off, which will seriously affect the service life. At present, the swelling rate of water absorption thickness of various brands on the market can differ by more than ten times.

Surface impact resistance

That is to say, the floor is subjected to impact test in a specified way, and the pit diameter left after impact is the basis of impact performance. The smaller the diameter, the better the impact resistance and the longer the service life. The thickness of wear-resistant layer in reinforced floor is above 0. 1mm, and the thickness can reach 0.7 mm. ..

Formaldehyde emission

According to GB 18580-200 1, laminated wood flooring can be directly used indoors, so its formaldehyde emission must reach E 1, that is, ≤≤ 0.12 mg/l/L.

In addition, there are static bending strength, internal bonding strength, density, moisture content, bonding strength and other indicators. When selling, it should clearly indicate its wear resistance grade and formaldehyde limit grade.

Advantages and disadvantages of laminate flooring:

superiority

Wear resistance: about 10 ~ 30 times that of ordinary painted floor.

Beautiful: You can use computer to simulate various wood grains, patterns and colors.

Stability: the original wood structure is completely dispersed, which destroys the characteristics of anisotropy and wet swelling and dry shrinkage. The size is extremely stable, especially suitable for rooms with floor heating system.

In addition, it has the characteristics of impact resistance, antistatic, pollution resistance, light resistance, cigarette burning resistance, convenient installation and simple maintenance.

disadvantaged

Blister can not be repaired after injury, and the foot feels poor.

In particular, in the past, some dealers called laminate flooring "waterproof flooring", which is only a superficial phenomenon. In fact, the only thing to avoid when using laminate flooring is blisters.

At present, all suppliers are responsible for laying solid wood composite floors in reinforced floors.

(4) Bamboo floor

Bamboo flooring is a new building decoration material developed in recent years. It uses natural high-quality bamboo, after more than 20 processes, bamboo pulp juice is removed, pressed at high temperature and high pressure, painted three times, and finally dried by infrared rays. Bamboo flooring brings a green and fresh wind to the building materials market with its natural advantages and many excellent properties after molding.

Bamboo flooring has the natural texture of bamboo, which is fresh and elegant, giving people a feeling of returning to nature, elegance and exquisiteness. It has many characteristics. 1. Bamboo flooring replaces wood with wood, which has the original characteristics of wood. Moreover, in the processing of bamboo, high-quality rubber species that meet the national standards can be used to avoid the harm of formaldehyde and other substances to the human body. Moreover, the bamboo floor adopts advanced equipment and technology to process the original bamboo in 26 processes, which not only has the natural beauty of the log floor, but also has the durability of ceramic floor tiles.

Bamboo flooring procurement

The development history of bamboo flooring in China is not long, only 89 years. Only in recent years has it begun to enter the market on a large scale. However, due to its unique characteristics: flat texture and elegant color, it has the reputation of "eating without meat is better than living without bamboo". Coupled with manual selection in the production process, bamboo flooring has good dimensional stability, mechanical strength, durability and no pollution, which adds cultural taste to the room and is deeply loved by consumers at home and abroad. However, due to the irregular management of bamboo flooring processing and production industry, there is a big gap between enterprises in technical equipment and production management. Therefore, consumers put forward the following points for reference when purchasing.

1. Is the product information complete?

Usually, formal product countries expressly stipulate that there should be a complete set of product information, including manufacturers, brands, product standards, inspection grades, instructions for use, after-sales service and other information. Products with complete information show that the production enterprise is a formal enterprise with a certain scale, and even if there are problems, consumers can find evidence.

2. Product appearance quality

Bamboo floor appearance

First of all, look at the color of the floor: the natural color of the floor is golden yellow, and the whole body is bright; The carbonized bamboo floor is bronzed or brown, and the color is even and shiny.

Paint quality: put the floor in light to see if there are bubbles, pits and orange peel on its surface, and then see if its paint surface is rich, full and smooth.

3. Intrinsic quality

Look at the material first, you can use your hands and eyes. If the floor is light in your hand, it means tender bamboo; If the texture is blurred, it means that this bamboo is old and old.

Whether the floor structure is symmetrical and balanced: it can be cut from both ends of the bamboo floor. Whether it conforms to the principle of symmetrical and balanced, it will be stable if it conforms to the structure.

Whether the floor layer and interlayer are tightly bonded: whether delamination will occur when hands are broken.

4. Machining accuracy

The processing accuracy of bamboo flooring can be randomly sampled. The method is to take several floors at random and put them on a plane. After the tenon and groove are spliced, the conforming structure is stable.

Bamboo floor

The laying method of bamboo floor is the same as that of solid wood tongue-and-groove floor, and the keel laying method (see solid wood floor laying for details) is not repeated here.

Bamboo floor maintenance

Proper use and maintenance is the key to prolong the service life of bamboo flooring. In recent years, some users have complained about some quality problems due to improper use of bamboo flooring. In this case, it is necessary for dealers or enterprises to provide after-sales service and publicize the knowledge of use and maintenance to consumers.

Bamboo flooring should pay attention to the following points in use:

1, keep the indoor dry and humid.

Although the bamboo floor has been dried to reduce the size change, because its bamboo is a natural material, it will also be deformed with the change of climate dryness and wetness.

In the dry season in the north, especially when heating is turned on, you can adjust the indoor temperature in different ways, such as using a humidifier or putting a basin of water on the heating; In the yellow mold season in the south, we should open the window for ventilation and keep the room dry.

Therefore, indoor sun and rain should be avoided as far as possible, and it should be dried in time in case of water.

2. Avoid damaging the bamboo floor paint on the floor surface, avoiding hard object impact, sharp tool scratch, metal friction, etc.

3. Clean the floor correctly. Keep the floor clean during daily use. When cleaning, you can clean it with a clean broom and then mop it with a wringing mop. If conditions permit, it is best to wax the floor once every two to three months.

(5) Cork floor

Cork flooring is called "pyramid consumption of flooring". Cork is an oak tree growing along the Mediterranean coast, and the raw material of cork products is the bark of oak trees. Compared with solid wood flooring, cork products are more environmentally friendly, sound-proof and moisture-proof, giving people an excellent sense of feet. Cork floor is soft, quiet, comfortable and wear-resistant, which can provide great buffer for the accidental falls of the elderly and children. Its unique sound absorption effect and heat insulation performance are also very suitable for bedrooms, conference rooms, libraries, recording studios and other places.

Types of cork flooring

Cork flooring is divided into the following five categories:

The first category: the cork floor surface has no covering layer, and this product is the earliest.

The second category: painting on the surface of cork floor. That is, the surface of cemented cork is coated with UV varnish or color paint or photosensitive varnish PVA. According to the different types of coatings, it can be divided into three types: high gloss, sub-gloss and flat gloss. This is technology from the 1990s. This kind of products have higher requirements on the surface of cork floor, that is, the cork used is relatively pure.

The third category: PVC veneer, that is, the surface of cork floor is covered with PVC veneer, and its structure is usually four layers:

The surface layer adopts PVC veneer with a thickness of 0.45mm; ; The second layer is a natural cork decorative layer with a thickness of 0.8 mm; ; The third layer is a cemented cork layer with a thickness of1.8 mm; ; It is very important that the bottom layer is a PVC layer with balanced stress and waterproof. Without this layer, when the material is thermally cured in the production process, the PVC surface layer will cool and shrink, resulting in warping of the whole floor.

This floor is currently favored by consumers in Beijing, Shanghai and other places.

The fourth category; 0.45mm thick PVC veneer; ; The second layer is natural veneer with a thickness of 0.45 mm; ; The third layer is cemented cork, with a thickness of about 2 mm. The bottom layer of PVC board is as waterproof as the third one, and at the same time, it balances the stress on the board, with a thickness of about 0.2 mm

The fifth category: plastic cork flooring, resin-bonded cork flooring and rubber cork flooring.

You can choose the category according to the room:

For general household use, you can choose the first and the second, because the first is the most primitive, but all its excellent functions can be displayed. The second kind of cork floor has a slightly thick cork layer and pure texture, but the layer thickness is only 0. 1mm-0.2mm, which is very thin, but the soft high-strength wear-resistant layer will not affect the embodiment of various excellent properties of cork. Although the surface layer is thin, it is carefully used at home, which will not affect the service life and is convenient to lay. As long as consumers remove the isolation paper, they can directly stick to the clean and dry cement floor.

Shopping malls, libraries and other places with high traffic can choose the second and third floors.

Because there is a very thick (0.45mm) flexible wear-resistant layer on the surface of the second and third kinds of materials, although sand grains will be brought to the cork floor surface, they will not slide after being pressed into the wear-resistant layer, and their feet will pop out when they leave the sand grains and will not cut the wear-resistant layer, so the flow of people is large, but it will not affect the floor surface.

Suitable for training rooms, broadcasting rooms, hospitals, etc. Using rubber cork as floor. And its elasticity, shock absorption, sound absorption, sound insulation and other properties are also very good, but usually rubber has an odor. Therefore, this kind of floor changes its surface, and uses PU or PUA high wear-resistant layer as its surface protection layer to eliminate odor and wear resistance.

Cork floor density:

The density of cork floor is divided into three grades: 400 kg-450 kg/m3; 450kg-500kg/m3； More than 500kg/m3. 400kg-450kg/m3 is enough for ordinary families. If there is a heavy object indoors, it can be a little higher. In short, the lower the density, the better, because elasticity, heat preservation, sound absorption and vibration absorption are better.

Cork floor quality

Look at the cork floor before choosing it.

Whether the frosted surface of the floor is smooth, whether there are bulging particles and whether the cork particles are pure.

The way to choose whether the side length of the floor is straight is to take four identical floors, spread them on glass or flat ground, and assemble them to see if they are closed.

The bending strength of the board is tested by disturbing the two diagonal lines of the floor to see if there are cracks on the curved surface. If there are no cracks, it is a high-quality product.

Adhesive strength inspection.

When a small sample is put into boiling water, it is found that its smooth surface becomes toad skin-like, and its surface is uneven, so the product is unqualified, and the surface of high-quality products should not change obviously when it meets boiling water.

Cork floor maintenance

The maintenance of cork floor is simpler than other wood floors. Avoid bringing sand into the room when using, and individual sand particles will not affect wearing. So when the sand is brought in, it is pressed into the elastic layer and will be ejected when the footsteps leave. Of course, it should be reminded here that it is not advisable to bring in too many dirty sand particles, which will cause flowing wear. So although it will affect the sand grains, too many sand grains will wear away. Therefore, the sand brought into the room should be removed in time, without a vacuum cleaner, and there is no need to worry about warping and mildew when it is wet.

If it is used in places with heavy passenger flow, if some places are worn after three to five years, it can be partially repaired, that is, some places can be repainted. The method is simple. Lightly polish the worn area with sandpaper to remove the dirt on its surface, then gently wipe it with a dry soft cloth, repaint the coating, or cover some parts with polyester film.

(6) Geothermal heating floor

Geothermal heating floor is also called low-temperature hot water radiation heating floor. Low-temperature floor radiation is a heating system that uses the ground inside the building. It uses the whole ground as radiator, laying pipes on the floor structure layer, and heating the floor concrete layer by injecting low-temperature hot water below 60℃ into the pipes to keep the ground temperature at about 26℃, which makes people feel warm and comfortable. The indoor temperature drops evenly, giving the best feeling that the feet are warm and the head is cold, which is in line with human physiological science.

It saves the effective use area of the room and can effectively save energy. The actual temperature of low-temperature hot water floor heating is 2℃ ~ 4℃ higher than the actual temperature. It meets the requirements of "metering by households and adjusting temperature in different rooms". When there is no one at home, heating can be stopped. When there is a small population, heating can be carried out in an occupied room, and the valve of the unoccupied room can be closed.

The service life is long, and the aluminum-plastic composite pipe used is an internationally recognized material with a service life of 50 years. In addition, this heating method also has the characteristics of reducing floor noise, cleanliness, wide choice of heat sources, and being suitable for the renovation of old houses.

How to choose geothermal floor

Measuring the real geothermal floor requires many specific technical parameters. First, it must have good heat dissipation. Geothermal floor is very particular about the choice of materials, and the special base materials whose wood density meets the requirements are strictly selected. The floor thickness is 6.5-8.5 mm (the standard thickness of geothermal floor), which ensures that the floor has good air permeability and heat dissipation function. The second characteristic is heat resistance. In fact, the finished geothermal floor has a little taste of steel. In the process of production, it must go through four cycles of strict inspection. That is, the floor is boiled in 100℃ hot water for 4 hours → baked in 60℃ oven for 20 hours → boiled in 100℃ hot water for 3 hours → frozen at-20℃ for 2 hours. Go back and forth four times to ensure that the floor is resistant to high temperature for a long time, without cracking, degumming, moisture-proof, deformation and warping. The last point is environmental protection. Health and safety are the basic requirements of geothermal floor. Products shall conform to international environmental protection standards (European environmental protection standard is E1; Japan's environmental protection standard is F1; The formaldehyde emission in China is lower than 0. 1.2 mg/m3, which is equivalent to the international standard).

Because the special geothermal floor is expensive, ordinary wage earners hope to find a product that is both economical and meets the requirements. This is a substitute for you. There are several kinds of wood floors suitable for floor heating system: one is 7-8 mm thick laminated wood floor with 2-3 mm foam plastic cushion; Two, three or more layers of solid wood composite floor, the thickness is 8 to 12 mm, and the foam plastic cushion is 2 to 3 mm; Third, 8 mm thick mosaic parquet floor or mosaic parquet floor, with 2 to 3 mm foam plastic pad; Four, solid wood flat floor, thickness 10 to12 mm; Fifthly, the solid wood tongue-and-groove floor whose length, width and height are less than 600 ×60× 15 mm respectively, preferably the floor with the specification of 200×40× 10 mm, should be spliced into a square or herringbone during construction to make its thermal deformation uniform.

In short, the selection of geothermal heating wood floor should master the following principles: the size of wood floor should be stable, the thermal stability should be good, and the moisture content should be low, so that the floor is not easy to deform after heating; In order to facilitate heat exchange and conduction, the padding should not be too thick; The floor size should be thin but not thick, wide and not narrow to meet the requirements of deformation resistance and heat conduction.

(7) Plastic floor

There are two kinds of plastic floors: PVC coiled floor and PVC block floor.

PVC coiled floor is made of PVC resin as the main raw material, adding appropriate additives, and produced on a sheet-like continuous substrate by coating process. It can be divided into two types: foamed PVC coiled material floor and dense PVC coiled material floor. Its width is 1800mm and 2000mm, the length of each roll is 20mm and 30mm, and the total thickness is 1.5mm and 2 mm. ..

PVC coiled floor is suitable for laying living room and bedroom floor (mid-range decoration), and the material should be first-class or first-class products.

The required area of coiled material floor can be calculated by multiplying the laying area by 1. 10. If the width of the coiled material floor is just the clear width of the room, a loss of 2% can be considered. Coil floor can be retailed, and you should buy as much as you need, and pay attention to avoid waste.

PVC block floor is made of PVC and its * * * poly resin as the main raw materials, with fillers, plasticizers, stabilizers, colorants and other auxiliary materials, which are produced by calendering, extrusion or extrusion process, and there are two kinds of single-layer and homogeneous composite. Its specification is 300mm×300mm, and its thickness is1.5mm.

The area of each floor is 0.09, and the floor loss rate is 2%.

The coiled floor is wrapped in a wear-resistant layer on the tube core and packed in corrugated boxes. Product name, manufacturer's name, production date, batch number, grade, color, quantity and weight shall be marked on each package or box. There is no impact, sun exposure or rain during transportation. Indoor air should be ventilated and dry, and the distance from the heat source should not be less than1m. Coil floor should be stacked vertically.