First, the reasons for the poor growth of pepper in early spring:

1, the soil is hardened, the root system grows poorly after planting, and the pepper seedlings can take root only after growing for 2-3 times. The reason is that soil hardening is serious, which is not conducive to root growth. Soil organic matter in protected vegetable production is not less than 20g/kg. When the content of soil organic matter is low, soil hardening is serious, especially in sandy soil, which leads to poor root growth of pepper seedlings. The effective way to solve this problem is to increase the application amount of organic fertilizer or crop straw, increase the absolute content of organic matter in soil, increase the structure and permeability of soil, and improve the ability of soil to preserve fertilizer and water.

2. When pesticide hazards may cause pepper seedlings not to take root or slow down root growth, there are usually three sources of pesticides:

(1) After soil treatment, the ventilation of topsoil is insufficient, and there are many pesticides left in the soil, which is harmful to the growth of seedlings. For example, in production, we use white micro-mu to treat X soil. After removing the plastic film, be sure to turn over the X soil for more than 2 times, and then expose it to the sun for 2 weeks. If the exposure time is too long, pepper seedlings will not only grow slowly, but also die a lot after planting.

(2) Excessive use of pesticides in planting holes. Using pesticides to control epidemic diseases in fixed planting holes can effectively control the harm of pepper seedling disease; However, once the amount of pesticides in planting holes exceeds the standard, agricultural harm will occur. Pesticides such as copper hydroxide, antiviral vanadium, DT and metalaxyl were applied in the hole when pepper was planted. Manganese, zinc, iprodione, etc. However, when the dosage of commercial pesticides per hole exceeds 0.4g, plants will be poisoned. Therefore, in production, if it is necessary to use pesticides in fixed planting holes, the dosage of each hole should be strictly controlled below 0.4 g to ensure the safe growth of plants.

(3) When soaking the roots, the concentration is too high and the seedlings are burned. Some vegetable farmers dip their seedlings with Actex, puncture and foliar fertilizer. Before planting. After planting, it can prevent whiteflies and aphids and promote the rapid growth of seedlings. Dipping roots is easy to burn seedlings, which causes the phenomenon that pepper seedlings grow badly. 3. The harm of chemical fertilizer in production, excessive use of chemical fertilizer and seedling burning; This phenomenon is generally the root rot of pepper after growth. If it is not treated in time, it may cause a lot of root burning. The suitable soil conditions for the growth of pepper seedlings are: hydrolyzed nitrogen 120- 150mg/kg, available phosphorus 80- 120mg/kg and available potassium 250-400mg/kg. * Soil PH value is 6-7, total salt content should be less than 2g/kg, and chloride ion content in soil should not be greater than 200mg/kg；; ; ; * The content of water-soluble sodium ion in soil is not higher than 100mg/kg. * exchangeable calcium in soil is 3.0-4.0g/kg, and exchangeable magnesium in soil is 350-450mg/kg. Contents of various salt ions such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium when chemical fertilizers are used in large quantities. Soil salinization is serious, and soil environmental conditions are not suitable for the growth of pepper seedlings, which leads to the slow growth of pepper seedlings. Once the phenomenon of fertilizer damage occurs, it is necessary to hoe the ground and water it in time to wash away the excess fertilizer in the soil.

Second, mitigation measures for poor growth of pepper in early spring:

1. Sowing in sunny days is helpful to root coordination, shorten the slow seedling stage and quickly restore growth under moderate soil moisture. At the same time, the transplanted field should be cultivated in narrow compartments and deep ditches or high ridges to facilitate drainage.

2. Water in time, except when transplanting seedlings, and generally stop watering before delayed flowering of seedlings. When the drought lasts, only a small amount of water is needed. When the young fruit grows to about 3 cm, in case of drought, furrow irrigation and moist management can be carried out to avoid flooding.

3. Fine fertilization Because pepper likes fertilizer and is afraid of fertilizer, it is very sensitive to fertilizer. "Organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer are applied together, and organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed; At the same time, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in moderation, especially urea should not be used in excess. Phosphorus, potassium and trace elements should be applied when fertilizing to prevent turning green; Wait for symptoms to appear; Avoid high temperature when applying fertilizer, and topdressing with decomposed low-concentration clear water fertilizer; It is necessary to prevent weight gain, but also to ensure adequate nutrition throughout the process to prevent green and yellow; Yellow.

What is the management technology of sweet pepper planting?

First, sowing time

1. Due to the climate difference between north and south, the sowing date of sweet pepper will be different. There are generally two kinds, one is planted in early spring and the other is planted in late autumn. In early spring, seedlings are generally raised at the end of June 65438+February, transplanted in the middle and late June 65438+February, and harvested in early March of the following year.

2. The other is planting in late autumn. Seedlings are usually sown in mid-August, and transplanted in mid-late June at 5438+1October, so as to be harvested in June at 5438+1October of the following year.

Second, land selection and preparation

1. Sweet pepper planting does not require high soil, but it is also necessary to choose suitable soil and scientifically prepare soil. The soil for planting sweet pepper is the best place with good water source, good drainage, deep soil layer, strong water and fertilizer conservation and convenient transportation.

2. Generally, the previous crop cannot have the same properties as the sweet pepper, and the sticky planting place is not suitable for planting sweet pepper. Planting sweet peppers generally requires deep ploughing, so it is necessary to make thin slices and apply sufficient fertilizers, such as decomposed manure and cow dung.

Third, sow and raise seedlings.

1. When sowing and planting, seeds need to be treated. First of all, you need to select seeds with full grains and no pests and diseases, and then soak them in warm water for sterilization. Take it out after half an hour, drain it, then plant it in the prepared soil and cover it with fine soil.

2. Spray water on the soil surface in time after planting to keep the soil moist and let the seeds germinate and grow as soon as possible. After a week, the sweet pepper seeds will germinate.

Four, water and fertilizer management

1. The demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in different growth stages of sweet pepper is different. Topdressing needs to be carried out in three stages. The first stage is growth fertilizer, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, supplemented by phosphorus fertilizer; The second stage is flower fertilizer, which is mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, supplemented by nitrogen fertilizer; The third stage is fruit fertility, mainly potassium fertilizer, followed by phosphorus fertilizer and finally nitrogen fertilizer.

2. At the same time, attention should be paid to the use of micronutrients, such as appropriate supplementation of calcium, magnesium and boron. Sweet pepper needs a lot of water in the growth process, especially in the flowering and fruiting period, but it should not be excessive, otherwise the fruit will rot.