Tao Hongjing (456 ~ 365), a famous figure in China, was born in Qiliang in the Southern Dynasties, a famous ancient physician and Taoist scholar. He was an official in North Korea in his early years. After middle age, he lived in seclusion in Qushan (now Maoshan, Jiangsu), and he became Huayang Road. "Southern History" contains: "Hong Jing is good at guiding the valley, hiding for 40 years, and being over 80 years old." He is knowledgeable and has written a lot in his life, and is highly respected by doctors and Taoists. Among them, Nourishing Nature and Prolonging Life Record is the earliest extant monograph on health preservation, which brings together the essence of various health preservation works before Liang, and preserves many valuable health preservation documents for future generations.

(1) Heaven is natural and humanity is natural.

Tao Hongjing emphasized the concept that "my life is in me, not in the sky". People think that the pursuit of health can prolong life. "Life-prolonging by Nourishing" said: "People's life span is long or short, which is unnatural, because they don't want to take care of their own bodies, they don't eat properly, they are too slutty, they don't accept yin and yang, they are restless, they are tired and all kinds of diseases appear, so they won't end their lives."

(2) Quiet people will live longer, while impatient people will die.

Tao Hongjing advocates the Taoist way of keeping in good health. There is a saying that "quiet people live long, impatient people die". And record "Lao tze Gui Zhi" yue:

"Wandering in silence, striving for subtlety, considering no desire and doing nothing. Therefore, you can live longer and live longer. " Follow the principle of "doing twelve little things" except "more than twelve": "think less, think less, talk less, laugh less, worry less, be less happy, be less angry, be less good and be less evil. Doing these twelve little things well is also the capital of health preservation." In addition to the "more than twelve", that is, the above twelve things, most of them are the root of death. Also known as: "Being old without desire, working hard at leisure, is also the way to keep fit."

(3) Physical exertion and poor appetite.

Tao Hongjing advocated paying attention to the methods of diet, rest and adjustment of daily life. He said: "Physical desires are often overworked, food intake is often small, overwork is not extreme, and there is no shortage. To nourish fat, save salt and acid, reduce thoughts, hurt emotions, and be careful about sex." He also said: "The way to cultivate sexual desire is to lie down if you don't want to eat enough, and sitting for a long time all day will damage your life." Pay special attention to diet conditioning, saying: "Many diseases cross the sky, mostly caused by diet, suffering from diet, too sensual, sensual. If you can't give up your diet for a day, you will have more benefits and less injuries. "

(4) Be good at guiding massage with faith.

Tao Hongjing collected and practiced all kinds of qigong, guidance and massage techniques all his life, which was the way to keep fit. The six-character qi prescription he recorded was especially praised by later health experts. He said, "Inhale once and exhale six times. If you are angry, it means sucking; There are six kinds of exhalations, blowing, whistling, hey, oh, shh, all of which are venting. " Hua Tuo's "Five Birds Play" is included in the guide method. Massage methods include: rubbing ears, pulling hair, combing hair, taking a dry bath, etc. He said: "Mo Kunming is hot and MengMeng is healthy. It is called dry bath from top to bottom, so that people can overcome cold, heat and headache and eliminate all diseases. "

Tao Hongjing's Ten Essentials of Health Preservation advocated by Zhang Zhan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty is quite valuable: "Ten Essentials of Health Preservation, First, Enhancing God, Second, Loving Qi, Third, Shaping, Fourth, Guiding, Fifth, Speaking, Sixth, Diet, Seventh, Sex, Eighth, Anti-vulgarity, Ninth, Medicine, Tenth, Taboo."