Interview experts:

Xiao Zhiyun (Senior Health Manager, Department of Prevention and Health Care, Beijing China-Japan Friendship Hospital)

China has said since ancient times that "eating without meat is better than eating without soup", which shows that drinking soup plays a very important role in the diet of China people. There has been a heated discussion recently: Is soup "junk food"?

More and more people find that soup is not as "healthy" as we thought, and long-term stewing may also destroy the nutrients of ingredients. And also listed five sins for Tang:

One is high salt. In order to improve the taste, a lot of salt is often put in the soup. However, the Dietary Nutrition Guide for China Residents suggests that adults should not eat more than 6g of salt every day.

The second is high purine, such as frequent visitors in Lao Huo Tang: liver, beef, beef tongue, pork, pigeon, fish, shellfish, beans ... these ingredients have very high purine content. After stewing for a long time, most of the purine will dissolve in the soup.

The third is high fat. Pigs, cattle, mutton and bone marrow all contain a lot of fat, and cooking them in soup will make us "drink" a lot of fat.

Fourth, there is no nutrition. After a long period of stewing, the water-soluble vitamins were basically destroyed.

Fifth, it will burn the mouth and esophagus. Soup is delicious only when it is hot, but eating hot food may lead to esophageal epithelial damage and increase the susceptibility of esophagus to carcinogens.

Is soup junk food because of these five sins? You really can't have a good soup?

In fact, different people can choose different soups for how to drink soup healthily. For example, obese people should try not to drink broth, bone soup or chicken soup, but can drink duck soup. Hypertension needs to control the salt intake in the diet, so both fish soup and broth need to put less salt. They should drink light soup with less salt and less oil. Gout patients and people with high uric acid should pay attention to the choice of ingredients when cooking soup. Patients with gout have disordered purine metabolism, so attention should be paid to avoid taking too much purine from food. Purine is high in meat, seafood and other foods, and it is easy to dissolve in soup after stewing. Therefore, gout patients should avoid drinking broth, fish soup and seafood soup; You should choose vegetable soup or egg drop soup without meat. Diabetic patients should pay attention to drinking soup, not only light, less oil and less salt, but also be careful not to drink sweet soup with a lot of sugar. Patients with cholecystitis should control the intake of fat and cholesterol. When drinking soup, they must skim off the fat floating in the soup. Thick soup and oily soup must not be drunk.

Secondly, you can improve the method of making soup when making soup. We often think that the longer the soup is cooked, the better it tastes, so that not only the purine in the soup will increase, but also some nutrients will be destroyed. Generally, the broth should be cooked about 1 hour, and the cooking time of vegetable soup should be shortened. Pay attention to the reasonable addition of condiments when cooking soup. The more the soup is cooked, the stronger it becomes. So don't put too much salt, add salt when cooking. In the Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (20 16) officially issued by the National Health and Family Planning Commission (hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines), it is mentioned that adults should not consume more than 6 grams of salt every day, which is equivalent to the size of a beer bottle cap.

In addition, when to eat soup is also very important. Some people say that "drinking soup before meals is slim and healthy", while others say that "drinking soup before meals is not good for digestion". In fact, it is meaningless to simply say that it is healthier to drink soup before meals or after meals. The key is how much soup to drink and what soup to drink. Whether before or after meals, drinking a small bowl has little effect on normal people. Among them, for obese people, drinking soup before meals is conducive to weight control. Just don't drink too much, otherwise it will definitely affect digestion. Because foreign research shows that drinking soup before meals can reduce the intake by about 15%, and there is some water in the stomach in advance, so the food will swell in the stomach, and the feeling of fullness is less likely to make people overeat. In addition, for people with gastroptosis and insufficient gastric motility, drink less soup before and after meals.

In short, don't be too superstitious about the health of soup, and don't refuse to drink soup thousands of miles away and lose the fun of drinking soup.

Produced by: Popular Science Central Kitchen

Producer: Beijing Science and Technology News | Science Plus Client

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