1, CCTV exposed edible blended oil fraud
Speaking of edible blended oil, everyone is familiar with it. It is made of two or more edible oils. In recent years, blended oil has been favored by more and more consumers for its unique concept of nutritional collocation. However, through more than half a year's in-depth investigation, the reporter found that some so-called edible blending oils with various names are actually not the same as consumers' impressions. So what is the "tune" in this blending oil?
The agricultural and sideline products market in southern Zhejiang is one of the larger wholesale markets in Wenzhou, Zhejiang. The blended oil sold here is beautifully packaged and has a wide variety.
Sales staff of agricultural and sideline products market in southern Zhejiang, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province: Olive blended oil sells well.
Reporter: Is it better than other blending oils?
Sales staff of agricultural and sideline products market in southern Zhejiang, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province: Yes.
There is a mystery behind the exquisite packaging of edible blending oil.
The reporter noticed that although these olive blending oils come from different manufacturers, the names of "extra virgin olives" and "original fragrance of olives" on most product packages are very large, while the names of "edible blending oils" as product attributes are very small and light in color. If you don't distinguish carefully, you will think that this is pure olive oil.
According to national regulations, food labels should be true and accurate, and consumers should not be misled by font size or color difference.
In addition, the nutritional value of edible blending oil depends on the type and dosage of edible oil.
National regulations: the amount of ingredients or ingredients added or the content in finished products should be marked.
However, in the agricultural and sideline products market in southern Zhejiang, a large number of so-called olive blended oils only indicate the ingredient names in the ingredient list, but do not indicate the specific dosage or content. There are also some so-called high-end blending oils such as nominal camellia blending oil and walnut blending oil, which have similar problems. Why are you doing this? Merchants are secretive, just saying that almost all of these blended oils with unknown ingredients come from the same place of origin.
Reporter: Where is this? Made in Fujian?
Sales staff of agricultural and sideline products market in southern Zhejiang, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province: Now blended oil is produced in Fujian.
Manufacturers cut corners and play tricks with fake labels.
Deliberately highlight high-end oils such as olive oil and camellia oil, but do not indicate the specific content. What kind of mystery is hidden in this edible blending oil that is tricky in product packaging?
Fujian Xihai Cereals, Oils and Foodstuffs Co., Ltd. is one of the larger edible oil processing enterprises in Fuzhou. The person in charge of the company introduced that their factory mainly processes edible blended oil, and the products are not only sold in Wenzhou, Zhejiang, but also sold all over the country.
Luo Dingfa, Sales Director of Fujian Xihai Cereals, Oils and Foodstuffs Co., Ltd. Our current service scope is Yunnan, Hainan, Beijing, Tianjin, Anhui, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Sichuan and Hubei, and we have started all over the country.
Reporter: How much can you do in a year?
Responsible person: According to our current situation, it is almost one billion a year.
The person in charge told the reporter that those blended oils in the Wenzhou market that did not indicate the specific content of the ingredients were all old packaging products. Recently, the packaging supervision of blended oil has become more and more strict, forcing its production enterprises to replace new packaging and standardize product identification. In the sample exhibition area, the reporter saw the newly packaged Fugongfang brand virgin olive blended oil, which was marked in detail in the ingredient list: corn oil content is 95%, olive oil content is 5%. The reporter calculated with reference to the international standard oil price at that time. The price of olive oil is more than 40,000 yuan per ton, and the nominal cost of adding 5% to each barrel of oil is about 10 yuan. The price of corn oil is about 7000 yuan per ton, with a nominal increase of 95% per barrel. The cost is around 30 yuan, excluding the cost of packaging and processing. The raw material cost of the whole barrel of blended oil has reached 40 yuan, but the ex-factory price of this enterprise is only sold to 32 yuan.
The person in charge of the company admitted that they would not do business at a loss, but made some moves in the ingredients and added a lot of low-priced soybean oil.
Luo Dingfa, Sales Director of Fujian Xihai Cereals, Oils and Foodstuffs Co., Ltd.: We have some soybean oil in it.
Reporter: What is the proportion of soybean oil? What's our ratio? Judging from the present situation, soybean oil accounts for almost 50%.
Reporter: Half and half? Yes, there are 50%.
The ingredients are similar, and the products are shoddy.
In Fujian Ji Nong Food Co., Ltd., the reporter saw an olive blended oil with a net content of 5L. Nominally, the ingredient list contains 6% olive oil and 94% rapeseed oil, and the ex-factory price is 34 yuan. The reporter raised the issue of cost, and the person in charge had to admit that it was actually impossible to add so much olive oil to the package.
Reporter: With this formula, how much can 94% rapeseed (oil) and olive (oil) actually be added?
Liu Jinlong, Chairman of Fujian Ji Nong Food Co., Ltd.: Actually, it must be more than 3%.
Reporter: 3%?
Liu Jinlong, Chairman of Fujian Ji Nong Food Co., Ltd.: Generally, we are between 3% and 4%.
Fujian Tianshun Grain and Oil Co., Ltd. mainly produces olive blended oil and camellia blended oil, a barrel of 5L products, with an ex-factory price of more than 30 yuan. The person in charge of the company admits that the actual sales of products at this price, whether it is expensive olive oil or camellia oil, will definitely not be too large.
Reporter: How much is olive oil?
Li Ming, general manager of Fujian Tianshun Grain and Oil Co., Ltd.: Just add 2% olive oil.
Reporter: About 2%?
Li Ming _, general manager of Fujian Tianshun Grain and Oil Co., Ltd.: Basically, the total amount of these oils accounts for almost 3%. In this case, I tell you that olive oil is so expensive that it doesn't account for much.
Reporter: I think the target is 6%.
Li Ming, general manager of Fujian Tianshun Grain and Oil Co., Ltd.: The standard is this, they can detect that we have this ingredient in it.
It turns out that both the so-called high-end blended oil with unknown composition that the reporter saw in Wenzhou market before and the edible blended oil with unknown composition re-introduced by Fujian Xihai, Ji Nong, Tianshun and other production enterprises are actually the same oil. The ex-factory price of this oil is basically the same, and the ingredient list is similar. In fact, in the eyes of producers, many low-end oils are mixed with ordinary vegetable oils.
Luo Dingfa, Sales Director of Fujian Xihai Cereals, Oils and Foodstuffs Co., Ltd.: To put it bluntly, now we are low-end oil and will never change.
Reporter: What do you mean?
Luo Dingfa, Sales Director of Fujian Xihai Cereals, Oils and Foodstuffs Co., Ltd.: That is to say, the general formula in our company is basically the same, except for camellia oil. We must put some camellia oil in it. One is worthy of conscience, and the other is worthy of testing. That's what it means to put it bluntly. At the very least, the industrial and commercial inspection can't find out the problem, no one will die and no oil will be wasted. This is the most basic thing.
Blending is by no means "blending", and the formula should not be a "secret recipe"
"Blended oil worries the gods" is a jingle circulating in the blended oil industry. For a long time, the formula is not open and the ratio is opaque, which has become a big problem for consumers to buy blended oil, and it is difficult to guarantee consumers' right to know. The new national standard for edible blending oil is expected to be implemented this year. The biggest feature of the new standard is that blending oil must be marked with the proportion of oil components. Announcing the formula and proportion is the general trend of the development of blended oil market. It is not only conducive to the standardized development of the industry itself, but more importantly, it protects consumers' right to know and will also promote the benign development of the market.
2. Selection method of edible oil
1, look at the color
The same brand of oil is almost the same color. If the color difference between two barrels of oil of the same brand is obvious, it means there is something wrong with the quality of the oil. Different brands and raw materials have different colors, so pay attention to the differences when buying. Good quality soybean oil is dark yellow, generally light yellow; Rapeseed oil is yellow, with some green or golden yellow; Peanut oil is light yellow or orange, and cottonseed oil is light yellow.
Step 2 look for sediment.
High-grade edible oil has no precipitation and suspended matter, and its viscosity is small.
3. See if there is stratification.
If there is stratification, it may be adulterated mixed oil.
Step 4 smell it
When the lid of the oil drum is opened, the smell of oil will come to the nose. Pure fragrance is good oil. If there are other smells, there is something wrong with the oil. You can touch a little oil with your fingers, put it on your palm, and smell it after rubbing, which can further distinguish the taste of oil.
Step 5 have a taste
Put some oil in your mouth with chopsticks. Generally, the mouth is fragrant, and there should be no bitter, burnt or rancid smell. If it is stated that the oil quality is poor, you can't buy it.
6. Signs of optimism
Choosing non-GMO oil is good for people's health. Moreover, the specific production date, address, quality and safety signs, and whether the production process is "squeezing" or "leaching" should be marked.
3. How to eat edible oil healthily
1, soybean oil
Soybean oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, mainly linoleic acid, and contains a small amount of α -linolenic acid. Vitamin E is rich, and light yellow comes from a small amount of carotene. Linoleic acid has a limited effect on reducing the risk of heart disease, but α -linolenic acid is more beneficial. Clinical nutrition experiments have confirmed that besides high cholesterol, the other two risk factors of coronary heart disease are hypertension and vascular embolism, and linolenic acid can just reduce these two factors, so it has the effect of reducing blood lipid and blood cholesterol. However, because linoleic acid and linolenic acid are not heat-resistant, linolenic acid is particularly afraid of heat, and it is easy to oxidize and polymerize after frying or repeated heating, which is very harmful to health.
If cooking with soybean oil can't protect the heart, it is suitable for stewing. If cooking, try not to burn to 10, and don't smoke. In addition, soybean oil is made by solvent leaching, and the loss of vitamin E after refining is relatively large. Pay special attention when buying. Any soybean oil that doesn't say "no genetically modified ingredients" is a genetically modified product.
2. Peanut oil
The composition of three fatty acids in peanut oil is basically 1: 1: 1. It can be said that the composition of fatty acids is reasonable, containing 40% monounsaturated fatty acids and 36% polyunsaturated fatty acids, and rich in vitamin E. Many people think that peanut oil is helpful for cardiovascular diseases. In fact, what really lowers blood cholesterol and harmful cholesterol is peanut protein and a lot of vitamin E and dietary fiber in it, not the oil in peanuts.
When buying peanut oil, we should give priority to squeezing oil and choose high-quality products, because peanuts are easy to pollute aflatoxin, which is particularly soluble in oil. However, peanut oil has a particularly good flavor and heat resistance, which is more suitable for general cooking than for fried food.
3. Olive oil
Olive oil is recognized as the best edible oil in the world, which can reduce blood fat and cholesterol, prevent all kinds of cancers, and has a very good cosmetic effect. Its advantage is that the content of monounsaturated fatty acid can reach more than 70%, that is, oleic acid. Although polyunsaturated fatty acids can reduce blood lipids, it is easy to cause oxidative damage in the body, and excessive consumption is not conducive to health; Saturated fatty acids are not easy to be oxidized, but they are easy to cause blood lipids to rise. Monounsaturated fatty acids, on the other hand, avoid two adverse consequences, and have good heat resistance, which is beneficial to reduce "bad cholesterol" (LDL) and increase "good cholesterol" (HDL) in blood, but the disadvantage is the lack of vitamin E. However, olive oil is also widely used in various cosmetics and skin care products, which can make skin smooth and delicate and delay aging. So it is especially praised by people all over the world.
Because of its low polyunsaturated fatty acid content, its heat resistance is better than that of soybean oil, and its oxidation risk is also relatively small. Therefore, it is not that there is no heating as people think. Olive oil is fragrant and delicious when used in cold dishes, and there is no problem when used in cooking and stewing. It should be noted that there are different grades of olive oil, and the adulteration of imported olive oil is quite common in the market, so it is difficult for ordinary people to taste it, so don't be greedy when buying.
Characteristics of various edible oils How to eat various edible oils How to eat various edible oils
4. Corn oil
Corn oil, also known as corn oil and corn germ oil, contains 86% unsaturated fatty acids, of which polyunsaturated fatty acids are the absolute dominant, linoleic acid is the highest, and its fatty acid composition is similar to soybean oil, and the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to polyunsaturated fatty acids is about1:2,5. The advantage of corn oil is that the content of vitamin E is higher than that of ordinary vegetable oil, and it also contains a certain amount of antioxidant substances, which is beneficial to the skin and anti-aging. Corn oil can be used for cooking and cold salad.
Corn oil is not heat-resistant, so it is suitable for cooking with short heating time or heating temperature lower than smoke point. Perfect for salad dressing or salad oil.
5. Tea seed oil
The fatty acid composition of tea seed oil is similar to that of olive oil, in which unsaturated fatty acids account for more than 90%, monounsaturated fatty acids account for 80-83%, even higher than olive oil, and it is also rich in vitamin E. Because of the reasonable proportion of fatty acids in tea seed oil, it is of great significance to improve blood lipid pattern and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, so it has attracted the attention of nutritionists and is regarded as an oil with high nutritional value. Refined tea oil has good flavor, storage resistance and high temperature resistance, and is suitable for cooking oil and frying oil. Families wishing to use olive oil can use tea oil as a substitute.
Good heat resistance, suitable for daily cooking, and can completely replace olive oil for beauty and skin care. Because this kind of oil is produced by woody plants and planted in mountainous areas, it has little pollution, does not destroy vegetation and uses less chemicals, so it is the most environmentally friendly edible oil choice. When buying, we should also give priority to the squeezed products, which are safer and have better quality.
6. Rice bran oil
Rice bran oil, also called rice bran oil, comes from the bran part of rice and is the oil contained in rice embryo and rice bran. Like corn oil, it contains more than 80% unsaturated fatty acids and is rich in vitamin E. Its special advantage is that it contains γ -aminobutyric acid, which is rich in rice embryo. It is an important neurotransmitter, which has certain anti-anxiety effect and is beneficial to blood pressure control. The fatty acid composition of rice bran oil is similar to peanut oil, in which monounsaturated fatty acid content is the highest, and some polyunsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids are also contained, and the proportion is relatively balanced.
Rice oil has better heat resistance than corn oil, and is suitable for general household cooking. Because rice is also easy to produce aflatoxin, we should also pay attention to whether aflatoxin exceeds the standard.
7. sunflower seed oil
It is delicious. The content of unsaturated fatty acids is 85%, the proportion of linoleic acid is higher than that of soybean oil, and the content can reach 66%, which is much higher than other oils on the market. But now it is found that linoleic acid can reduce both bad cholesterol and good cholesterol, which can be said to be "regardless of good or bad", so it can not actually reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition, recent research shows that linoleic acid belongs to ω-6 fatty acids, which are quite surplus in diet and the proportion of ω-3 fatty acids is too low, which is quite unfavorable for preventing heart disease and cancer. Therefore, sunflower oil, soybean oil and corn oil, which contain a lot of linoleic acid, have gradually withdrawn from the ranks of "healthy oils".
Because sunflower seed oil contains a lot of vitamin E and chlorogenic acid, it has higher antioxidant capacity and better heat resistance than soybean oil. Therefore, refined sunflower seeds are suitable for low-temperature stewing and frying, not for single frying.
Characteristics of various edible oils How to eat various edible oils How to eat various edible oils
8. Blended oil
Blended oil is made of vegetable oil with different fatty acid ratios, which can learn from each other's strong points and is beneficial to the balance and health of dietary fatty acids. But when mixing, the fatty acids should be mixed evenly. For example, soybean oil and sunflower oil are mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids, so soybean oil mixed with tea seed oil is better than soybean oil mixed with sunflower oil. Because different types of fatty acids have different effects on health, a reasonable proportion is the most important. At present, it is considered that the reasonable ratio of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in diet is 1: (1- 1, 5): 1.
Blended oil has good flavor and stability, reasonable price and is suitable for daily cooking.
9. Walnut oil
Walnut oil tastes outstanding and attractive, which is very suitable for seasoning. The content of unsaturated fatty acids is close to 80%, especially linoleic acid and linolenic acid, which are the highest among other edible oils. It has a positive effect on softening blood vessels, reducing human cholesterol content and preventing arteriosclerosis and thrombosis. However, walnut oil is unstable and easy to deteriorate at room temperature, so it should be purchased in small quantities and stored in cold storage. Vitamin e content is very small, and the price is relatively high.
Walnut oil is suitable to be mixed with vegetable salad, eaten directly, or added to drinks (such as honey, milk, yogurt).
10, sesame oil
Sesame oil has the reputation of "the king of vegetable oil", and is rich in various unsaturated fatty acids, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, lecithin, vitamins A, D and E. It has the functions of scavenging free radicals, improving immunity, delaying aging, preventing and treating constipation, coronary heart disease, diabetes, premature gray hair and beauty beauty.
Chinese medicine believes that patients with emphysema can relieve cough symptoms by drinking a little sesame oil before going to bed and getting up the next day.
1 1, lard
Lard contains high saturated fatty acids. Eating too much can easily lead to hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, arteriosclerosis and obesity. But don't be afraid to eat it, because the cholesterol it contains is the raw material for the human body to make steroid hormones, adrenocortical hormones, sex hormones and synthesize vitamin D by itself. The α -lipoprotein in lard can prolong the life of animals, which is lacking in vegetable oil.
Boil lard without fire. When the oil temperature exceeds 200℃, its nutritional components will change, which will not only produce peculiar smell, but also affect digestion after eating, causing cough, dizziness, dyspnea, burning eyes and tracheitis. In addition, lard should not be stored for too long. When lard goes bad and tastes sour, it should not be eaten, because it contains cholesterol, which can make people suffer from atherosclerosis and endanger human health.
12, salad oil
Salad oil is the edible oil with the highest processing grade among vegetable oils. It basically removes all impurities and waxes in vegetable oils, so it has the lightest color.
Salad oil is suitable for frying, frying, frying and cold salad, which is beyond the reach of other edible oils.
Edible oil is an essential ingredient for people every day. Friends who often cook should know that the quality of edible oil is not only related to the health and nutrition of food, but also related to the health of consumers. However, the variety and quality level of edible oil on the market are not uniform. Consumers should keep their eyes open and not buy inferior edible oil. I also hope that the country can vigorously crack down on illegal businesses that eat this food, and also let consumers rest assured of safe edible oil.