At present, there are different opinions about whether Tai Ji Chuan can be used in actual combat and how Tai Ji Chuan's art can be used. In fact, these are all old problems. As early as 193 1, Mr. Yang Chengfu elaborated: "Some people want to learn boxing and ask me whether it is better to fight at home or abroad. I said that since ancient times, the boxing methods created by martial arts saints are all good, depending on whether they can be passed down. " "Someone asked, how many years has Tai Chi been taught? I said comrades can't talk about boxing. Teachers preach and give lessons to solve puzzles, just like boxing. They have different personalities. Some learn it well in a year or two, some learn it in March or May, and some don't understand it for ten or twenty years. Good boxing does not depend on a person's height, nor on a person's age. It's all in one smart ear. I have been studying boxing for more than fifteen years, and I am often willing to study two teachers. " (See "Usage of Tai Ji Chuan" printed by Wenguang Printing House on page 193 1). Mr. Yang Chengfu also pointed out: "As far as Tai Ji Chuan is concerned, most of them were handed down by Master Yang Luchan. Today, they are divided into two factions. You said you were good at boxing, and I said I was good at boxing. It is difficult for a novice to tell which is better. It's hard to know the difference in posture, some of which are technical. In any case, Tai Chi Chuan can't be said or passed on. I don't know why. (See Tai Chi Chuan Usage, 145). It seems that I didn't know why until I passed it on. So, in order to get the true biography of Taiji Zhuan, how did Taiji Zhuan learn and what did it learn? The author believes that Wushu is a competition of strength, skill, speed, shape and agility. This truth can't be surpassed by any kind of boxing, and Tai Ji Chuan is no exception. Whether the boxing you have learned can be applied to actual combat depends on whether you have got the true biography of the above five elements: strength, skill, speed, physique and agility. Specific to how to practice Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan art and how to use it in actual combat, the author talks about the following views from three aspects: Tai Ji Chuan theory, routines and exploring the secrets of successful people in Tai Ji Chuan. For the reference of people in the same industry. Firstly, discuss theoretically what is the true biography of Taiji Zhuan. Some Tai Ji Chuan fans only know that Tai Ji Chuan is "soft, hard and fair". Or see "I am strong and I am strong, I am strong first; He is powerless and I am powerless, and I am still unfinished. " (Li See No.1 Society (1832— 1892) wrote Five-character Tactics). This is the fundamental reason why boxing cannot be applied to actual combat. Mr. Fu Zhongwen (1908-1994), the master of Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan, once said: "Combine rigidity with flexibility, and you can dial a thousand pounds in four or two" is not without exertion. In Tai Ji Chuan, if you don't use force, you shouldn't use clumsy force, and you can't understand it unilaterally. For example, here is a bucket of water weighing 15 kg. If you want to lift it, the force of 10 kg can't be lifted. If you just express your meaning without exerting force, it will be more difficult to lift it. You use 30 kilograms of force to lift, that is, you use clumsy force and stupid force, which is not advisable. In the theory of boxing, it is just right to say that' the intention is to achieve gas, and the gas is in Dudley'. That's the reason. "The author thinks that if you practice Tai Ji Chuan and only stay under the guidance of the theory of" combining rigidity with softness, and making a thousand pounds ",then you are doing gymnastics. The master can "control rigidity with softness, and dial a thousand pounds in four or two." "He is strong and I am strong, and I am the first. He is powerless, I am powerless, and I am still unfinished. "Basically, we have a comprehensive grasp of Tai Ji Chuan. Because "making rigidity with softness and making rigidity with fortitude" is a contest of skills. " I am strong and I am strong "is the confrontation of strength. I am the first "is the competition of speed." He is powerless, I am powerless, and my intention is still the first. "It is a sensitive reflection game. In short, you can get the above skills, strength, speed, sensitivity, plus your own physique. With these five Tai Ji Chuan elements, you can say that you have got a theoretical biography. Otherwise, without knowing the name and studying the usage, just dancing and practicing a boxing frame can achieve the goal of "softness and rigidity, and four or two dials a thousand pounds". Then, those dancers and gymnasts can all become "invincible Yang" in martial arts. Secondly, starting with Yang's Tai Ji Chuan routine, this paper discusses how to practice and what to practice to get the true meaning of Tai Ji Chuan. Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan evolved from Chen-style Tai Ji Chuan. The author visited Chenjiagou, the birthplace of Chen-style Tai Ji Chuan, for many times, and consulted the ancient boxing scores of Chen-style Tai Ji Chuan, such as Chen Jiaqi, Chenjiagou Boxing Score, Thirteen Methods of Chen-style Boxing, Tai Ji Chuan Liangqi Classroom, Tai Ji Chuan Wenxiutang Score and Sansanliu Boxing Score. It is confirmed that Chen Tai Ji Chuan originally had five sets of Tai Ji Chuan, five sets of Tai Chi cannons and one set of short strokes. But now most of the routines are basically lost, and there are very few people who can fight two sets of fists and one set of artillery hammers. There are many people who can fight boxing racks and gun hammers, so they are now commonly called boxing racks and gun hammers. Yang Lvchan (1799-1872) visited Chenjiagou three times, and learned the fact of Tai Ji Chuan in the 18th Spring and Autumn Period, but he knew that it evolved from Chen-style Tai Ji Chuan to Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan big frame, middle frame (four kinds of boxing frames), small frame, leg-lifting frame (two kinds of boxing frames), fast frame and four jade (corner) racket. Yang Lvchan learned the true skills of Chen Taiji, and then led his second son Yang Banhou (1837- 1892) at the invitation of his relative Wu Ruqing (1887, then director of Fengtian Department of Qing Dynasty, foreign minister of Sichuan Department and Hualing). Yang Banhou (then commander of Wu Deqi, the flag of the Qing army, and Dai Lanling) beat foreigners in Beijing, and the corrupt and incompetent Qing government dared not keep him. To this end, Yang Banhou, a 23-year-old martial arts master, returned to his hometown. Except for a few disciples who entered the house, he turned to be a bodyguard, so there were not many descendants of Yang Banhou. He is practical, so the boxing frame handed down from generation to generation still maintains a dozen sets of roads that are not simplified. People call it Yang-style old boxing frame, and some people call it after-work boxing frame. Yang Jianhou has been teaching boxing with his father in Beijing. In order to teach boxing, Hou Jian constantly revised and simplified the boxing frame handed down by his father, Yang Luchan, until after his death, when Yang Chengfu (1883- 1936) was in his hand, people called it Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan boxing frame, and some people called it 85-style Tai Ji Chuan. Yang Chengfu's series boxing frame was 85-style (85-style Tai Ji Chuan was divided into two parts. At present, people call the tribe represented by Yang Banhou Yang-style old shelf. It is thought that the tribe represented is based on Yang Chengfu's revised boxing frame, which is called Yang stereotyped writing. Below, I will briefly introduce how to learn these two schools of boxing, as well as the methods of learning to use, so that readers can fully understand the true meaning of Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan. Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan old boxing frame, also known as the back boxing frame, has the following learning procedures: first learn the middle boxing frame (including two virtual leg boxing frames and two real leg boxing frames), then learn the leg lifting frame (there are two training methods, which can also be said to be two boxing frames), big boxing frame, fast boxing frame, eight diagrams palm, four jade (angle) hammers, four-way gun hammers, thirteen-way gun hammers and three-way gun hammers. In addition to practicing the usage of moves, these routines are more sensitive in Tai Ji Chuan's five elements; Leg lifts and big racks are physique; Fast frames are speed; Carry bagua palm, four jade (horn) hammers, four artillery hammers and thirteen artillery hammers as strength; Small framework is skill; Sanshou and bunt are the concrete realization of the five elements in actual combat. Their specific training methods are as follows: middle frame: the posture and movement range are moderate, so it is called middle frame. This is a beginner's shelf in Tai Ji Chuan. The boxing frame is divided into four boxing frames: female hand and leg, female hand and leg, male hand and leg, and male hand and leg. At present, most boxing rings circulating in the society are simplified and stereotyped by Mr. Yang Chengfu, that is, empty-legged boxing rings and real-legged boxing rings. In practice, we should seek the likeness first, and then the likeness of God. On the basis of the combination of hands, eyes and body steps, it is round and coherent, and follows up and down. From looseness to softness, from softness to rigidity. Gradually become light and not floating, calm and not stiff. Plus pushing hands to practice. It is mainly used in the middle plate in actual combat. The whole routine is basically similar in boxing potential and order except that it has one more step, one more punch and two more kicks than Yang Chengfu's stereotyped boxing frame circulating today. The speed is slow, about 15 minutes each time. Leg-lifting frame: The order of boxing potential is the same as that of middle frame, with lower posture requirements and larger stride. In each posture, the requirements are neither high nor low, but a leg lift is added after each posture is completed, so it is called leg lift. There are two ways to practice leg lifts, one is to pay attention to practical use, and the other is to practice lifting. The specific requirement of leg lifting is that one leg is upright and the other leg is lifted on the knee. The higher the legs, the better. At the same time, the feet should have the intention of kicking or pedaling forward, which is mainly used in actual combat. Then this upright leg squats, and the other leg stretches out to do the next potential action, which adds more than 80 leg lifting actions than the middle frame, which makes this leg produce great destructive power. Once you are hit in the leg in a martial arts attack, the opponent will not die or get hurt. Therefore, Tai Ji Chuan has the saying "Don't pass it on", so few people can get it. This rack focuses on practicing Tai Chi living piles to enhance strength, body and function. With special breathing exercises, it is Tai Chi lifting and releasing. Especially the fitness effect is the best. Insist on exercise, can relax muscles and tendons, promote blood circulation, promote qi and dredge collaterals, regulate yin and yang, eliminate diseases and prolong life. Because of the slow speed, it takes about 25 minutes at a time. Big frame: a boxing frame that further improves skills on the basis of leg lifts. Its characteristics are similar to those of leg lifts, but after each situation is completed, it is necessary to follow the steps, so that two legs can be used as one leg. Steps and movements are bigger than leg lifts, so they are called big shelves. When practicing, sit with your legs lunged and your hips below your knees. When you advance and retreat, you need to take back one leg and then step out, which will inevitably increase your activity and improve your skills. Because of the constant footwork and rotation, you can cross back and forth under a square table or even a high stool. The difficulty is evident. This kind of boxing frame is mainly used for footwork in actual combat, which lasts about 6 minutes at a time. Quick rack: the order of action names is similar to that of middle rack. When the middle frame, leg lift frame and big frame are quite basic, it is to increase martial arts and comprehensively use the boxing frame improved by the upper, middle and lower plates. This shelf has been kept secret and is only open to beginners. It is characterized by high speed, low posture and larger steps than the middle frame. The whole set should be completed in three minutes at one go, so it is called a quick rack. Because it is low and fast, the posture is obviously different from the middle frame, leg lifting frame and big frame. You can use any potential to seal the opponent's attack in the upper, middle and lower sets in actual combat. At the same time, you can hit each other in three sets with any potential. In the speed of the drill, in addition to the overall movement to be fast, many complete sets of movements must be energetic. According to legend, when four jade hammers are struck, the sounds made by the four hammers are the same, which is dizzying. This framework is difficult, fast and practical. Even if the middle frame, leg lifting frame and big frame are all good, it is difficult for beginners to adapt quickly. You must practice in sections first, and with the growth of your skills, you can achieve it in one go and gradually reach it. Hanging eight diagrams palm, four jade (horn) hammers, four cannon hammers, thirteen cannon hammers and Sanshou, playing six boxing rings at a time, is to practice the explosive power of palm boxing, enhance the flexibility of waist and legs and improve the actual combat ability of duet. According to Mr. Lin Jinsheng, the fourth generation descendant of Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan (19 13- 1988), "As long as you work hard at home, your palm is a knife and your fist is a blow, and you are invincible. "Small frame: it is a boxing frame at a higher level after the above boxing frame. It is characterized by high posture, slow speed and small movement range, so it is called small frame. The whole routine can be practiced on the table of the Eight Immortals, so there is a place for boxing and lying cattle. Although its name order is close to that of the middle box, more than 60 opening and closing movements have been added, and each boxing box needs to be practiced for about 30 minutes. In the whole routine, it seems that both hands always hold the ball and there is no energy. On the surface, it seems that it has returned to a higher and slower state than the middle frame, but its connotation has made a qualitative leap. When the skill is achieved and the technique is proficient, it enters the stage of practicing spirit and returning to deficiency. That is to say, from lifting kung fu and vigorous kung fu to qigong, yin and yang, strength, reality, movement, hair storage and body use are truly integrated, even invisible, the whole body is empty and the natural environment is quiet. Although the shelf is small, it can still consolidate and deepen the original skills, and the fitness effect is superior. Therefore, this kind of picture frame is regarded as a treasure from generation to generation, and even worshippers should strictly select people to carry on the family line. Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan stereotyped series boxing frame, its learning procedure, Yang Chengfu pointed out in "Tai Ji Chuan Practice Talk": To learn the procedure of Tai Ji Chuan, first practice boxing frame (unarmed), such as Tai Ji Chuan and Taiji Changquan; Followed by one-handed push and pull, in-situ push, walking push, big shoes, Sanshou. Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan Boxing Frame is based on Yang Chengfu's teaching experience and social needs. While retaining the traditional fighting techniques, it simplifies the difficult moves in the old boxing frame in Tai Ji Chuan, making it easy to learn and practice. Tai Ji Chuan boxing frame has five routines: Tai Ji Chuan (including a virtual leg boxing frame, a real leg boxing frame and a 37-potential boxing frame), Taiji Changquan and Taiji Sanshou. In addition to practicing the usage of moves, these routines are also embodied in Tai Ji Chuan's five elements, namely, Tai Ji Chuan is agile in the Eighth Five-Year Plan, Tai Ji Chuan is skill in the thirty-seventh slow fight, strength in the thirty-seventh fast fight, speed in Taiji long boxing, physique in Taiji Sanshou, and the five elements are realized in actual combat. Their practice method is: Tai Ji Chuan is divided into three planes in the Eighth Five-Year Plan with the same name. Yang Chengfu's authentic Yang Tai Ji Chuan, published by Taiping Bookstore 1968, and Fu Zhongwen's Yang Tai Ji Chuan, published by People's Sports Publishing House 1963, wrote in the introduction: "Yang Tai Ji Chuan boxing can be divided into high school and low school. Beginners can adjust the amount of exercise appropriately with different boxing frames according to different requirements. " The characteristics and requirements of the three boxing stands in high school and low school are basically the same as those of the big, medium and small boxing stands in the old boxing stand, so I won't go into details here. There are two ways to practice Tai Ji Chuan during the Eighth Five-Year Plan. One is the solid leg boxing frame, which is mainly based on practicing up and down, and the whole body is well coordinated. The second is the virtual leg boxing frame, which not only consolidates the characteristics of the real leg boxing frame, but also mainly increases the swing practice. It's best to practice real leg boxing first, and then practice virtual leg boxing. Thirty-seven-style Tai Ji Chuan: Its boxing frame combines the old gun hammer and the eight diagrams palm. 193 1 Yang Chengfu wrote "The Usage of Tai Chi" on page 107, and the 37-style figure was followed by "The Secret of the Usage of Tai Chi": "Hold, lead, loosen, release, apply, cover, right and swallow. The above 37 pictures (formulas) all use important methods, comrades, stop talking. Although it is easy to understand, you should not be confused with people and the enemy. When dealing with the enemy at will, one hand can become five hands, which is hard to describe with a pen. Comrades should seriously study what is important and cover it with friends and shoes. There are two ways to practice the 37-style boxing. Practice slowly first, use qi to transport the body, and make palms and fists. The second is to practice quickly to increase speed and explosiveness. " Taijiquan has the skills of splitting tendons and crushing bones, acupuncturing hands, yin hands, yang hands, five elements of hands, penetrating fist, beating heart, crouching tiger, leaning close to the body, Yuanyang legs, sword palm and finger, skillful hands, and beating cattle across the mountain (this is not really beating cattle, but the skin cream is painless, but it hurts inside). "(see Yang Chengfu's Tai Chi Biography 193 1 page). Taiji Changquan: Yang Chengfu gradually evolved from the fast frame in the old frame and shaped it into more than 70 styles. Its characteristics and essentials refer to similar waiting fast frames. Tai Chi Sanshou: There are two ways to practice its routines. First, single-person practice, mainly to further increase speed and explosiveness. The second is to practice in pairs to improve the ability to fit in with others, not to lose the top, and to fight in actual combat. Then, study and discuss the secrets of successful people who practice Tai Ji Chuan. Mr. Wu Quanyou (1834 ——1902) studied Tai Ji Chuan from Houmen, and achieved a lot, and later became Wu-style Tai Ji Chuan. Up to now, Wu-style Tai Ji Chuan still retains the traditional routine fast frame except slow frame (see Wu (1905- 1996) and Ma Yueliang (190 1- 1998) published by Henan Science and Technology Publishing House. This is enough to show that Wu Quanyou learned at least two routines of Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan's middle frame and fast frame from Yang Banhou. Mr. Li Wancheng (1865— 1946) is Yang Banhou's favorite pupil. He inherited the Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan old boxing series and is one of the main representatives of the third generation Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan. His descendants are basically concentrated in Yongnian area. Big frame, middle frame (four routines), small frame, leg-lifting frame (two training methods), fast frame, eight diagrams palm, four jade (horn) hammers, four artillery hammers, thirteen artillery hammers, Sanshou and temporary bunt all retain the original Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan frame, which is more difficult, so there are fewer practitioners. Mr. Chen Weiming (1882— 1958) is a disciple of Mr. Yang Chengfu, who has made great contributions to the theoretical arrangement and routine dissemination of qualitative boxing series in Jichuan, Yang Tai. Tai Ji Chuan said that "Ten Essentials" and "Taiji Pushing Hands Theory" were dictated by Yang Chengfu and handed down by Chen Weiming. There are also books such as The Biography of Taiji, Taiji Sword with Taiji Long Boxing, and Taiji Q&A with Simple Practice. Mr. Chen Wencheng wrote in the preface of Chen Weiming and the Collection of Taiji Biography: "The Collection of Taiji Biography was written by our ancestors and presented to Mr. Cheng Fu as a reward. Later, at the request of disciples, with the consent of Mr. Cheng Fu, it was printed and published, and it was repeatedly emphasized that it was written by Mr. Cheng Fu. It can be seen that he respects his teacher very much, and he is meticulous and serious. "Mr. Chen Weiming said in the preface to Taiji Long Boxing in the book Taiji Sword with Taiji Long Boxing:" Mr. Chengfu was spread in Tai Ji Chuan and then spread in Taiji Long Boxing, some of which were not found in Tai Ji Chuan's biography, and the rest were almost the same, only slightly changed before and after. "Later, on the basis of dozens of original styles, Mr. Chen Weiming developed Tai Ji Chuan into more than 100 styles (see page 143- 144 of Heritage Collection of Chen Weiming and Tai Ji Chuan). Tai Ji Chuan, which is now circulating in the society, is mostly Tai Ji Chuan after adding actions to Mr. Chen Weiming. Most of its new names are not found in Tai Ji Chuan series boxing frames, such as "Hands" and "Monkey Top Cloud", which have made important contributions to the development and popularization of Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan. According to the data, Mr. Chen Weiming learned at least two routines from Mr. Yang Chengfu: the Eighth Five-Year Plan Tai Ji Chuan and Taiji Changquan. Mr. Dong Yingjie, the high-legged Mr. Yang Chengfu, not only has a solid foundation and a magnificent boxing frame, but also has profound attainments in theoretical research, and has written a book "The Interpretation of Taiji". The content of this book is very rich in attack and defense techniques, theoretical research, Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan boxing spectrum and so on. The last page of the book is attached with Taiji Kuaiquan (also known as Yingjie Kuaiquan), with a total of 27 boxing methods. He commented on Taiji Kuaiquan in this way: "Kuaiquan is invented by excellent kung fu and is practical. Slow is waiting, fast is working hard, with yin and yang, with reality and spirit, with mental storage, smart posture and wonderful posture. However, it is not easy to appreciate without more than three years of kung fu. "Yang Chengfu's Tai Ji Chuan Usage was written by Mr. Dong Yingjie. In this book, there are two boxing rings, namely, Tai Ji Chuan in the Eighth Five-Year Plan and Tai Ji Chuan in the Thirty-seventh Year Plan, which are the stereotyped series of Yang Tai and Tai Ji Chuan. From this perspective, Mr. Dong Yingjie learned at least two routines from Mr. Yang Chengfu. Mr. Zheng Manqing (1901-1975) is Mr. Yang Chengfu's favorite pupil. Being both civil and military, he accumulated a lifetime of experience in practicing boxing in his later years, and compiled Thirty-seven Style Zheng Zi Tai Ji Chuan, Thirteen Chapters of Zheng Zi and Tai Ji Chuan, and New Methods of Self-study by Zheng Zi and Tai Ji Chuan. Mr. Yang Chengfu's "Tai Ji Chuan's Complete Collection of Physical Use" was written and edited by Mr. Zheng Manqing. The boxing frame in this book is Yang Tai Tai Ji Chuan's stereotyped series boxing frame, and Tai Ji Chuan's real leg boxing frame during the Eighth Five-Year Plan, while Teacher Zheng Manqing usually practices Tai Ji Chuan's virtual leg boxing frame during the Eighth Five-Year Plan. According to the above data analysis, Mr. Zheng Manqing has mastered at least two routines of virtual leg boxing and real leg boxing in Tai Ji Chuan during the Eighth Five-Year Plan. Mr. Wang Yongquan (1904-1987) said: "The shelves in Tai Ji Chuan can be divided into health preservation and martial arts." "At present, this kind of health boxing frame is widely practiced in the world. It is not enough to practice this routine alone, but it needs to be supplemented by rubbing hands. Yang Tai Ji Chuan's fighting frame is only passed on to his own children and some disciples. " (See 1990 "Yang's Narrative of Tai Ji Chuan" published by People's Sports Publishing House, page 8, page 12). This shows that Wang Yongquan and Yang Chengfu have studied Tai Ji Chuan at least twice. Mr. Lin Jinsheng (1913 ——1988) is an introductory disciple of Mr. Li Wancheng and one of the outstanding representatives of the fourth generation of Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan Lao Quan series. His descendants from Tai Ji Chuan are mainly concentrated in Yongnian and Handan. Big frame, middle frame (four routines), small frame, leg-lifting frame (two training methods), fast frame, eight diagrams palm, four jade (horn) hammers, four artillery hammers, thirteen artillery hammers, Sanshou and temporary bunt all keep the original Yang-style Tai Ji Chuan frame, which is not simplified and has a large amount of exercise, so only a handful can inherit it.